当java虚拟机启动的时候,会启动很多内部的线程,这些线程主要在thread.cpp里的create_vm方法体里实现

而在thread.cpp里主要起了2个线程来处理信号相关的

  JvmtiExport::enter_live_phase();

  // Signal Dispatcher needs to be started before VMInit event is posted
  os::signal_init();

  // Start Attach Listener if +StartAttachListener or it can't be started lazily
  if (!DisableAttachMechanism) {
    if (StartAttachListener || AttachListener::init_at_startup()) {
      AttachListener::init();
    }
  }

1. Signal Dispatcher 线程

在os.cpp中的signal_init()函数中,启动了signal dispatcher 线程,对signal dispather 线程主要是用于处理信号,等待信号并且分发处理,可以详细看signal_thread_entry的方法

static void signal_thread_entry(JavaThread* thread, TRAPS) {
  os::set_priority(thread, NearMaxPriority);
  while (true) {
    int sig;
    {
      // FIXME : Currently we have not decieded what should be the status
      //         for this java thread blocked here. Once we decide about
      //         that we should fix this.
      sig = os::signal_wait();
    }
    if (sig == os::sigexitnum_pd()) {
       // Terminate the signal thread
       return;
    }

    switch (sig) {
      case SIGBREAK: {
        // Check if the signal is a trigger to start the Attach Listener - in that
        // case don't print stack traces.
        if (!DisableAttachMechanism && AttachListener::is_init_trigger()) {
          continue;
        }
        // Print stack traces
        // Any SIGBREAK operations added here should make sure to flush
        // the output stream (e.g. tty->flush()) after output.  See 4803766.
        // Each module also prints an extra carriage return after its output.
        VM_PrintThreads op;
        VMThread::execute(&op);
        VM_PrintJNI jni_op;
        VMThread::execute(&jni_op);
        VM_FindDeadlocks op1(tty);
        VMThread::execute(&op1);
        Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK();
        if (PrintClassHistogram) {
          VM_GC_HeapInspection op1(gclog_or_tty, true /* force full GC before heap inspection */,
                                   true /* need_prologue */);
          VMThread::execute(&op1);
        }
        if (JvmtiExport::should_post_data_dump()) {
          JvmtiExport::post_data_dump();
        }
        break;
      }
      default: {
        // Dispatch the signal to java
        HandleMark hm(THREAD);
        klassOop k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(vmSymbolHandles::sun_misc_Signal(), THREAD);
        KlassHandle klass (THREAD, k);
        if (klass.not_null()) {
          JavaValue result(T_VOID);
          JavaCallArguments args;
          args.push_int(sig);
          JavaCalls::call_static(
            &result,
            klass,
            vmSymbolHandles::dispatch_name(),
            vmSymbolHandles::int_void_signature(),
            &args,
            THREAD
          );
        }
        if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
          // tty is initialized early so we don't expect it to be null, but
          // if it is we can't risk doing an initialization that might
          // trigger additional out-of-memory conditions
          if (tty != NULL) {
            char klass_name[256];
            char tmp_sig_name[16];
            const char* sig_name = "UNKNOWN";
            instanceKlass::cast(PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass())->
              name()->as_klass_external_name(klass_name, 256);
            if (os::exception_name(sig, tmp_sig_name, 16) != NULL)
              sig_name = tmp_sig_name;
            warning("Exception %s occurred dispatching signal %s to handler"
                    "- the VM may need to be forcibly terminated",
                    klass_name, sig_name );
          }
          CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


可以看到通过os::signal_wait();等待信号,而在linux里是通过sem_wait()来实现,接受到SIGBREAK(linux 中的QUIT)信号的时候(关于信号处理请参考笔者的另一篇博客:java 中关于信号的处理在linux下的实现),第一次通过调用 AttachListener::is_init_trigger()初始化attach listener线程,详细见2.Attach Listener 线程。

  1. 第一次收到信号,会开始初始化,当初始化成功,将会直接返回,而且不返回任何线程stack的信息(通过socket file的操作返回),并且第二次将不在需要初始化。如果初始化不成功,将直接在控制台的outputstream中打印线程栈信息。
  2. 第二次收到信号,如果已经初始化过,将直接在控制台中打印线程的栈信息。如果没有初始化,继续初始化,走和第一次相同的流程。

2. Attach Listener 线程

Attach Listener 线程是负责接收到外部的命令,而对该命令进行执行的并且吧结果返回给发送者。在jvm启动的时候,如果没有指定+StartAttachListener,该线程是不会启动的,刚才我们讨论到了在接受到quit信号之后,会调用 AttachListener::is_init_trigger()通过调用用AttachListener::init()启动了Attach Listener 线程,同时在不同的操作系统下初始化,在linux中 是在attachListener_Linux.cpp文件中实现的。

在linux中如果发现文件.attach_pid#pid存在,才会启动attach listener线程,同时初始化了socket 文件,也就是通常jmap,jstack tool干的事情,先创立attach_pid#pid文件,然后发quit信号,通过这种方式暗式的启动了Attach Listener线程(见博客:http://blog.csdn.net/raintungli/article/details/7023092)。

线程的实现在 attach_listener_thread_entry 方法体中实现

static void attach_listener_thread_entry(JavaThread* thread, TRAPS) {
  os::set_priority(thread, NearMaxPriority);

  if (AttachListener::pd_init() != 0) {
    return;
  }
  AttachListener::set_initialized();

  for (;;) {
    AttachOperation* op = AttachListener::dequeue();  
     if (op == NULL) {
      return;   // dequeue failed or shutdown
    }

    ResourceMark rm;
    bufferedStream st;
    jint res = JNI_OK;

    // handle special detachall operation
    if (strcmp(op->name(), AttachOperation::detachall_operation_name()) == 0) {
      AttachListener::detachall();
    } else {
      // find the function to dispatch too
      AttachOperationFunctionInfo* info = NULL;
      for (int i=0; funcs[i].name != NULL; i++) {
        const char* name = funcs[i].name;
        assert(strlen(name) <= AttachOperation::name_length_max, "operation <= name_length_max");
        if (strcmp(op->name(), name) == 0) {
          info = &(funcs[i]);
          break;
        }
      }

      // check for platform dependent attach operation
      if (info == NULL) {
        info = AttachListener::pd_find_operation(op->name());
      }

      if (info != NULL) {
        // dispatch to the function that implements this operation
        res = (info->func)(op, &st);
      } else {
        st.print("Operation %s not recognized!", op->name());
        res = JNI_ERR;
      }
    }

    // operation complete - send result and output to client
    op->complete(res, &st);
  }
}


在AttachListener::dequeue(); 在liunx里的实现就是监听刚才创建的socket的文件,如果有请求进来,找到请求对应的操作,调用操作得到结果并把结果写到这个socket的文件,如果你把socket的文件删除,jstack/jmap会出现错误信息 unable to open socket file:........

 

我们经常使用 kill -3 pid的操作打印出线程栈信息,我们可以看到具体的实现是在Signal Dispatcher 线程中完成的,因为kill -3 pid 并不会创建.attach_pid#pid文件,所以一直初始化不成功,从而线程的栈信息被打印到控制台中。



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