如何使用Vagrant创建一台虚拟机

版本说明Virtual Box版本：5.2.10Vagrant版本：2.0.4电脑系统：windows10 64位虚拟机：ubuntu 14.0寻找Box官网有提供一些Box的下载可以使用，网址是：https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search截图如下所示，其中红色方法内的就是我们要获取到的信息：初始化首先需要创建...

自由堂

3124人浏览 · 2018-04-30 12:45:45

自由堂 · 2018-04-30 12:45:45 发布

版本说明

Virtual Box版本：5.2.10
Vagrant版本：2.0.4
电脑系统：windows10 64位
虚拟机：ubuntu 14.0

寻找Box

官网有提供一些Box的下载可以使用，网址是：
https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search
截图如下所示，其中红色方法内的就是我们要获取到的信息：
这里写图片描述

初始化

首先需要创建一个目录用于存放Vagrantfile文件以及Vagrant在工作中的数据。
```
mkdir vagrant-workspace/
cd vagrant-workspace
mkdir ubuntu1404
cd ubuntu1404
```
开始初始化Vagrant工程
```
vagrant init ubuntu/trusty64
```
这里的ubuntu/trusty64就是在官网的提供的页面获取的Box的名称。Vagrant发现box的名字的格式为“用户名/box名”，则会使用“https://atlas.hashicorp.com/用户名/box名”来下载该box。对于非官网提供的box，可以通过以下命令创建：
```
vagrant init {Box的名称} {Box的url}
```
回车之后，命令行窗口输出信息，它告诉我们在文件夹下创建一个文件叫Vagrantfile,可以准备进行运行vagrant up命令了。
```
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.
t.
```
将Vagrantfile文件里面的注释忽略的话，可以看到有效的内容如下：
```
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/trusty64"
end
d
```

启动虚拟机，如果是第一次运行，则会先去下载box文件，如果先前下载过了则跳过

vagrant up

经过漫长的等待之后，终于下载完了，输出信息

Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Box 'ubuntu/trusty64' could not be found. Attempting to find and install...
    default: Box Provider: virtualbox
    default: Box Version: >= 0
==> default: Loading metadata for box 'ubuntu/trusty64'
    default: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/ubuntu/trusty64
==> default: Adding box 'ubuntu/trusty64' (v20180419.0.0) for provider: virtualbox
    default: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/ubuntu/boxes/trusty64/versions/20180419.0.0/providers/virtualbox.box
    default: Download redirected to host: cloud-images.ubuntu.com
    default: 
==> default: Successfully added box 'ubuntu/trusty64' (v20180419.0.0) for 'virtualbox'!
==> default: Importing base box 'ubuntu/trusty64'...
==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
==> default: Checking if box 'ubuntu/trusty64' is up to date...
==> default: Setting the name of the VM: ubuntu1404_default_1525060576422_98609
==> default: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
Vagrant is currently configured to create VirtualBox synced folders with
the `SharedFoldersEnableSymlinksCreate` option enabled. If the Vagrant
guest is not trusted, you may want to disable this option. For more
information on this option, please refer to the VirtualBox manual:

  https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch04.html#sharedfolders

This option can be disabled globally with an environment variable:

  VAGRANT_DISABLE_VBOXSYMLINKCREATE=1

or on a per folder basis within the Vagrantfile:

  config.vm.synced_folder '/host/path', '/guest/path', SharedFoldersEnableSymlinksCreate: false
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    default: Adapter 1: nat
==> default: Forwarding ports...
    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    default: SSH username: vagrant
    default: SSH auth method: private key
    default: Warning: Connection aborted. Retrying...
    default: Warning: Remote connection disconnect. Retrying...
    default: Warning: Connection aborted. Retrying...
    default: Warning: Connection reset. Retrying...
    default: Warning: Connection aborted. Retrying...
    default: 
    default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace
    default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.
    default: 
    default: Inserting generated public key within guest...
    default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...
    default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
    default: The guest additions on this VM do not match the installed version of
    default: VirtualBox! In most cases this is fine, but in rare cases it can
    default: prevent things such as shared folders from working properly. If you see
    default: shared folder errors, please make sure the guest additions within the
    default: virtual machine match the version of VirtualBox you have installed on
    default: your host and reload your VM.
    default: 
    default: Guest Additions Version: 4.3.36
    default: VirtualBox Version: 5.2
==> default: Mounting shared folders...
    default: /vagrant => G:/vagrant-workspace/ubuntu1404