升级网站运行平台
部署内存存储服务
部署pxc集群
解决数据库服务负载问题
解决调度器单点故障问题

在这里插入图片描述

案例1:升级网站运行平台

步骤一:清除当前配置

# 停止网站
[root@web33 ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[root@web33 ~]# vim  /etc/rc.local
#/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
# 卸载掉web服务器挂载
umount /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/
vim /etc/fstab # 注销掉挂载

步骤二:部署LNMP

# 安装软件
[root@web33 ~]# yum -y install gcc  zlib-devel  pcre-devel  //安装源码Nginx依赖软件
[root@web33 ~]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz //解压
[root@web33 ~]# cd nginx-1.12.2  //进源码目录
[root@web33 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure  //配置
[root@web33 nginx-1.12.2]# make  //编译
……
……
sed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/usr/local/nginx|" \
    -e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid|" \
    -e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf|" \
    -e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log|" \
    < man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8
make[1]: 离开目录“/root/nginx-1.12.2”
[root@web33 nginx-1.12.2]#
[root@web33 nginx-1.12.2]# make install  //安装
[root@web33 nginx-1.12.2]# ls /usr/local/nginx   //查看安装目录
conf  html  logs  sbin
[root@web33 ~]# yum  -y  install   php-fpm   //安装php-fpm 软件
[root@web33 ~]# yum -y install  php  php-mysql  //安装php 及 php-mysql 软件

挂载共享存储

[root@web33 ~]# vim /etc/fstab   //开机挂载
192.168.4.30:/sitedir    /usr/local/nginx/html  nfs  defaults   0   0 
:wq
[root@web33 ~]# mount   -a  //挂载设备
[root@web33 ~]# mount |  grep  "/usr/local/nginx/html" //查看挂载

启动服务

 [root@web33 ~]# vim +65 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  //修改主配置文件
location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
           #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi.conf;
        }
:wq
[root@web33 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx //启动服务
[root@web33 ~]# netstat -utnlp  | grep :80   //查看端口
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      26335/nginx: master 
[root@web33 ~]# systemctl  start php-fpm
[root@web33 ~]# netstat -utnlp  | grep :9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      26345/php-fpm: mast 

步骤三:测试配置

编写PHP脚本

[root@nfs30 ~]# vim /sitedir/linkdb2.php  //在nfs30共享目录编写php脚本文件
<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("192.168.4.11","yaya99","123qqq...A");
mysql_select_db("gamedb");
$sql = 'insert into user (name) values ("PLJ")';
mysql_query($sql);
mysql_close();
echo "save data ok";
?>
:wq

访问脚本

[root@client50 ~]# curl  http://192.168.4.33/linkdb2.php //访问web33服务器
save data ok

查看数据

[root@mysql11 ~]# mysql –uyaya99 -p123qqq...A -e 'select  * from gamedb.user where name="PLJ"' //在数据库服务器查看数据
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------+
| name |
+------+
| PLJ  |
+------+

案例2:部署内存存储服务

Redis 主要负责做网站加速的
具体操作如下:

  • 部署redis服务器
  • 创建redis集群
  • 配置网站服务器
  • 测试配置
    在这里插入图片描述

步骤一:部署redis服务器(6台都要配置)

搭建redis服务器

[root@redisA ~]# rpm -q gcc  ||  yum -y  install gcc  //安装编译工具
[root@redisA ~]# tar -zxvf redis-4.0.8.tar.gz //解压
[root@redisA ~]# cd redis-4.0.8/   //进源码目录
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# make install  //安装软件
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# ./utils/install_server.sh //初始化配置
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379  stop  //停止服务
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]#
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf //修改配置文件,启用集群配置
70 bind 192.168.4.51
815 cluster-enabled yes
823 cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
829 cluster-node-timeout 5000
:wq
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379  start  //启动服务
Starting Redis server...
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# netstat  -utnlp  | grep  redis-server  //查看端口
tcp        0      0 192.168.4.51:6379       0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      29720/redis-server   //redis服务端口
tcp        0      0 192.168.4.51:16379      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      29720/redis-server  //集群端口
# 6台主机都要如此操作

步骤二:创建redis集群

配置管理主机

[root@mgm ~]# yum -y  install ruby rubygems  //安装依赖
[root@mgm ~]# gem install redis-3.2.1.gem  //安装依赖软件gem程序
[root@mgm ~]# mkdir /root/bin
[root@mgm ~]# tar -zxvf redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
[root@mgm ~]# cp  redis-4.0.8/src/redis-trib.rb   /root/bin/  //拷贝脚本
[root@mgm ~]# chmod  +x /root/bin/redis-trib.rb  //确保脚本有执行权限
[root@mgm ~]# redis-trib.rb help  //查看帮助
Usage: redis-trib <command> <options> <arguments ...>

创建集群

]# redis-trib.rb  create  --replicas  1   \
192.168.4.51:6379    192.168.4.52:6379    192.168.4.53:6379  \  192.168.4.54:6379   192.168.4.55:6379     192.168.4.56:6379
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
Using 3 masters:
192.168.4.51:6379
192.168.4.52:6379
192.168.4.53:6379
Adding replica 192.168.4.56:6379 to 192.168.4.51:6379
Adding replica 192.168.4.55:6379 to 192.168.4.52:6379
Adding replica 192.168.4.54:6379 to 192.168.4.53:6379
M: d9f8fe6d6d9dd391be8e7904501db1535e4d17cb 192.168.4.51:6379
   slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
M: 324e05df3f143ef97e50d09be0328a695e655986 192.168.4.52:6379
   slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
M: 9e44139cffb8ebd7ed746aabbf4bcea9bf207645 192.168.4.53:6379
   slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
S: d9634ba0aa5c1a07193da4a013da6051c1515922 192.168.4.54:6379
   replicates 9e44139cffb8ebd7ed746aabbf4bcea9bf207645
S: 2d343a9df48f6f6e207949e980ef498466a44dad 192.168.4.56:6379
   replicates d9f8fe6d6d9dd391be8e7904501db1535e4d17cb
S: 894dd0008053f6fb65e9e4a36b755d9351607500 192.168.4.55:6379
   replicates 324e05df3f143ef97e50d09be0328a695e655986
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes //同意以上配置
>>> Nodes configuration updated
>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
Waiting for the cluster to join...
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.4.51:6379)
M: d9f8fe6d6d9dd391be8e7904501db1535e4d17cb 192.168.4.51:6379
   slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
S: d9634ba0aa5c1a07193da4a013da6051c1515922 192.168.4.54:6379
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 9e44139cffb8ebd7ed746aabbf4bcea9bf207645
S: 894dd0008053f6fb65e9e4a36b755d9351607500 192.168.4.56:6379
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 324e05df3f143ef97e50d09be0328a695e655986
M: 324e05df3f143ef97e50d09be0328a695e655986 192.168.4.52:6379
   slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
M: 9e44139cffb8ebd7ed746aabbf4bcea9bf207645 192.168.4.53:6379
   slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
S: 2d343a9df48f6f6e207949e980ef498466a44dad 192.168.4.57:6379
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates d9f8fe6d6d9dd391be8e7904501db1535e4d17cb
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.  //提示16384个槽分配完毕

查看集群信息

[root@mgm ~]# redis-trib.rb info 192.168.4.51:6379 //查看集群信息
192.168.4.51:6379 (d9f8fe6d...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
192.168.4.52:6379 (324e05df...) -> 0 keys | 5462 slots | 1 slaves.
192.168.4.53:6379 (9e44139c...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves.
[OK] 0 keys in 3 masters.
keys per slot on average
[root@mgm ~]# redis-trib.rb check 192.168.4.51:6379 //检测集群

测试配置(在客户端连接集群中的任意一台服务器存取数据)

[root@client50 ~]# redis-cli  -c  -h 192.168.4.51 -p 6379 //连接服务器51
192.168.4.51:6379> set x 100  //存储
-> Redirected to slot [16287] located at 192.168.4.53:6379  //提示存储在53主机
OK
192.168.4.53:6379> set z 300 //存储
-> Redirected to slot [8157] located at 192.168.4.52:6379 //提示存储在52主机
192.168.4.52:6379> keys *  //在52主机查看数据 只有变量z 
1) "z"
192.168.4.52:6379> get x 
-> Redirected to slot [16287] located at 192.168.4.53:6379 //连接53主机获取数据
"100"

步骤三:配置网站服务器

[root@web33 ~ ]# yum -y install php-devel  //安装依赖
[root@web33 ~]# tar -zxvf redis-cluster-4.3.0.tgz  //解压
[root@web33 ~]# cd redis-4.3.0/  //进入源码目录
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# phpize  //创建configure命令及配置信息文件/usr/bin/php-config
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config
……
……
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: config.h is unchanged
config.status: executing libtool commands
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]#
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# make  //编译
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# make install  //安装
Installing shared extensions:     /usr/lib64/php/modules/   //提示模块安装目录
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# 
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# ls /usr/lib64/php/modules/ //查看目录列表
curl.so  fileinfo.so  json.so  mysqli.so  mysql.so  pdo_mysql.so  pdo.so  pdo_sqlite.so  phar.so  redis.so  sqlite3.so  zip.so
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# vim /etc/php.ini
728 extension_dir = "/usr/lib64/php/modules/"   //模块目录
730 extension = "redis.so"   //模块名
:wq
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# systemctl  restart php-fpm  //重启php-fpm服务
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# php -m   |  grep   -i  redis  //查看模块
redis

步骤四:测试配置

在存储服务器共享目录下,创建连接集群PHP脚本

nfs30~ ]# vim  /sitedir/set_data.php    //存储数据脚本
<?php
$redis_list = ['192.168.4.51:6379','192.168.4.52:6379','192.168.4.53:6379','192.168.4.54:6379','192.168.4.55:6379','192.168.4.56:6379'];  //定义redis服务器列表
$client = new RedisCluster(NUll,$redis_list); //定义连接redis服务器变量
$client->set("i","tarenaA "); //存储数据 变量名 i
$client->set("j","tarenaB ");  //存储数据 变量名 j
$client->set("k","tarenaC ");  //存储数据 变量名 k 
?>
:wq
nfs30~ ]# vim   /sitedir/get_data.php    //获取数据脚本
<?php
$redis_list = ['192.168.4.51:6379','192.168.4.52:6379','192.168.4.53:6379','192.168.4.54:6379','192.168.4.55:6379','192.168.4.56:6379']; //定义redis服务器列表
$client = new RedisCluster(NUll,$redis_list); //定义连接redis服务器变量
echo $client->get("i");  //获取变量i 的数据
echo $client->get("j");  //获取变量j 的数据
echo $client->get("k");  //获取变量k 的数据
?>
:wq
nfs30~ ]#  vim   /sitedir/test3.php    //存/取数据脚本
<?php
$redis_list = ['192.168.4.51:6379','192.168.4.52:6379','192.168.4.53:6379','192.168.4.54:6379','192.168.4.55:6379','192.168.4.56:6379'];
$client = new RedisCluster(NUll,$redis_list);
$client->set(“name“,”panglijing”);  //存数据
echo $client->get(“name”);  //取数据
?>
:wq

访问网站执行脚本(在任意主机访问网站服务器都可以)

]# curl  http://192.168.4.33/set_data.php
]# curl  http://192.168.4.33/get_data.php
]# curl  http://192.168.4.33/test3.php

案例3:数据迁移

要求如下:

  • 配置从服务器
  • 配置第1台PXC服务器
  • 配置第2台PXC服务器
  • 配置第3台PXC服务器
  • 公共配置
  • 测试配置
    在这里插入图片描述

步骤一:配置从服务器(把主机192.168.4.66 配置为192.168.4.11的从服务器)

在192.168.4.66主机安装数据库服务软件并启动mysqld服务

[root@pxcnode66 ~]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.17.tar  //解包
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# ls *.rpm  //查看软件列表
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# yum -y  install mysql-community-*.rpm  //安装软件
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl start  mysqld  //启动服务
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql  //查看数据库文件列表
auto.cnf    client-cert.pem  ibdata1      ibtmp1      mysql.sock.lock     public_key.pem   sys
ca-key.pem  client-key.pem   ib_logfile0  mysql       performance_schema  server-cert.pem
ca.pem      ib_buffer_pool   ib_logfile1  mysql.sock  private_key.pem     server-key.pem
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl enable  mysqld  //设置服务开机运行
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# grep password  /var/log/mysqld.log //查看初始密码
2019-07-05T01:56:51.895852Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: bB0*uCmu:.Kj
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'bB0*uCmu:.Kj'  //初始密码登录
mysql> alter user root@"localhost" identified by "123qqq...A";//修改登录密码
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A  //新密码登录
mysql> show  databases; //查看数据库
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@pxcnode66 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=66  //指定server_id
:wq
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl  restart mysqld  //重启服务

确保数据一致 (pxcnode66主机 使用mysql11主机的完全备份恢复数据确保数据一致 )

[root@mysql11 ~]# rpm -ivh libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm //安装依赖软件
[root@mysql11 ~]# yum -y  install percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm //安装在线热备软件
[root@mysql11 ~]# innobackupex  --user root --password 123qqq...A  --slave-info  /allbak --no-timestamp //备份所有数据,并记录备份数据对应的binlog日志名
[root@mysql11 ~]# scp -r /allbak  root@192.168.4.66:/root/   //把备份文件发送给pxcnode66主机
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# rpm -ivh libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm  //安装依赖软件
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# yum -y install  percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm //安装在线热备软件
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl  stop  mysqld //停止服务
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# rm  -rf  /var/lib/mysql/*  //清空数据库目录
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# innobackupex --apply-log /root/allbak/  //准备恢复数据
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# innobackupex --copy-back /root/allbak/  //恢复数据
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql //修改所有者
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl start  mysqld  //启动服务

指定主服务器

[root@pxcnode66 ~]# cat /root/allbak/xtrabackup_info  | grep master11 //查binlog日志
binlog_pos = filename 'master11.000001', position '7700'
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A  //管理员登录指定主服务器信息
mysql> change master to  
master_host="192.168.4.11", //主服务器ip地址
master_user="repluser", //主服务器授权用户
master_password="123qqq...A", //授权密码
master_log_file="master11.000001",  //binlog日志名
master_log_pos=7700; //日志偏移量
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.31 sec)
mysql> start slave ;  //启动slave 程序
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> exit  //断开连接
Bye
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "show slave status\G" | grep -i 192.168.4.11  //查看主服务器地址
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
                  Master_Host: 192.168.4.11 //主服务器ip地址
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "show slave status\G" | grep -i "yes" //查看状态信息
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes  //IO线程正常
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes  //SQL线程正常

步骤二:配置第1台PXC服务器(192.168.4.66)

停止mysqld服务、卸载mysqld服务软件

[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl  stop mysqld  //停止服务
[root@pxnode66 ~]# rpm -qa  | grep -i mysql   //查看安装的MySQL服务软件
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-server mysql-community-embedded-compat mysql-community-common mysql-community-client mysql-community-devel \

安装PXC软件、修改配置文件、启动mysql服务

[root@pxcnode66 ~]# cd PXC  //进软件目录
[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# rpm -ivh qpress-1.1-14.11.x86_64.rpm  //安装依赖
警告:qpress-1.1-14.11.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 6cb7b81f: NOKEY
[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# tar -xvf Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-5.7.25-31.35-r463-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar  //解压PXC软件包
[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# yum -y  install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-*.rpm //安装软件
[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf //修改数据库服务配置文件
[mysqld]
server-id=66 //指定server_id
[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf //修改集群服务配置文件
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://       不需要写ip地址 因为目前没有集群
wsrep_node_address=192.168.4.66   //指定本机Ip地址
wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster  //指定集群名称(另外2台的集群名称要于此相同)
wsrep_node_name=pxcnode66  //指定本机主机名
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:123qqq...A" //数据全量同步授权用户及密码
:wq
[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# systemctl  start mysql  //启动服务
[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# netstat -utnlp  | grep  :3306 //查看MySQL服务端口
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      24482/mysqld        
[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# netstat -utnlp  | grep  :4567  //查看集群通信端口
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4567            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      24472/mysqld        
[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# systemctl  enable mysql  //设置服务开机运行

数据库管理员登录、用户授权、查看状态信息

[root@pxcnode66 PXC]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A //管理员登录
mysql> grant all on *.* to sstuser@"localhost" identified by "123qqq...A"; //用户授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.10 sec)
mysql> show status like "%wsrep%"; //查看集群状态信息
| wsrep_incoming_addresses         | 192.168.4.66:3306                    |
| wsrep_cluster_weight             | 1                                    |
| wsrep_desync_count               | 0                                    |
| wsrep_evs_delayed                |                                      |
| wsrep_evs_evict_list             |                                      |
| wsrep_evs_repl_latency           | 0/0/0/0/0                            |
| wsrep_evs_state                  | OPERATIONAL                          |
| wsrep_gcomm_uuid                 | 73809cc5-cf00-11e9-aac3-b223959fecdf |
| wsrep_cluster_conf_id            | 1                                    |
| wsrep_cluster_size               | 1                                    |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid         | 73848b1a-cf00-11e9-9058-36c1ac1e1359 |
| wsrep_cluster_status             | Primary                              |
| wsrep_connected                  | ON                                   |
| wsrep_local_bf_aborts            | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_index                | 0                                    |
| wsrep_provider_name              | Galera                               |
| wsrep_provider_vendor            | Codership Oy <info@codership.com>    |
| wsrep_provider_version           | 3.35(rddf9876)                       |
| wsrep_ready                      | ON                                   |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
71 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit ;
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "show slave status\G" | grep -i "yes" //查看状态信息依然是192.168.4.11的从服务器
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes  //IO线程正常
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes  //SQL线程正常

步骤三:配置第2台PXC服务器(192.168.4.10)

安装PXC软件

[root@pxcnode10 ~]# cd PXC  //进软件目录
[root@pxcnode10 PXC]# rpm -ivh qpress-1.1-14.11.x86_64.rpm  //安装依赖
警告:qpress-1.1-14.11.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 6cb7b81f: NOKEY
[root@pxcnode10 PXC]# tar -xvf Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-5.7.25-31.35-r463-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar  //解压PXC软件包
[root@pxcnode10 PXC]# yum -y  install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-*.rpm //安装软件

修改配置文件

[root@pxcnode10 PXC]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf //修改数据库服务配置
[mysqld]
server-id=10 //指定server_id
:wq
[root@pxcnode10 PXC]#
[root@pxcnode10 PXC]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf //修改集群服务配置文件
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.4.66,192.168.4.10       //集群成员列表
wsrep_node_address=192.168.4.10   //指定本机Ip地址
wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster  //指定集群名称(另外2台的集群名称要于此相同)
wsrep_node_name=pxcnode10  //指定本机主机名
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:123qqq...A" //数据全量同步授权用户及密码
:wq

启动mysql服务

[root@pxcnode10 PXC]# systemctl  start mysql  //启动服务
[root@pxcnode10 PXC]# systemctl  enable mysql  //服务开机运行
[root@pxcnode10 PXC]# netstat -utnlp  | grep  :3306 //查看MySQL服务端口
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      24482/mysqld  
[root@pxcnode10 PXC]# netstat -utnlp  | grep  :4567 //查看集群端口
tcp6       0      0 :::4567                 :::*                    LISTEN      24489/mysqld 
mysql> show status like "%wsrep%"; //查看集群状态信息
| wsrep_incoming_addresses         | 192.168.4.66:3306,192.168.4.10:3306|
| wsrep_cluster_weight             | 1                                    |
| wsrep_desync_count               | 0                                    |
| wsrep_evs_delayed                |                                      |
| wsrep_evs_evict_list             |                                      |
| wsrep_evs_repl_latency           | 0/0/0/0/0                            |
| wsrep_evs_state                  | OPERATIONAL                          |
| wsrep_gcomm_uuid                 | 73809cc5-cf00-11e9-aac3-b223959fecdf |
| wsrep_cluster_conf_id            | 1                                    |
| wsrep_cluster_size               | 1                                    |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid         | 73848b1a-cf00-11e9-9058-36c1ac1e1359 |
| wsrep_cluster_status             | Primary                              |
| wsrep_connected                  | ON                                   |
| wsrep_local_bf_aborts            | 0                                    |
| wsrep_local_index                | 0                                    |
| wsrep_provider_name              | Galera                               |
| wsrep_provider_vendor            | Codership Oy <info@codership.com>    |
| wsrep_provider_version           | 3.35(rddf9876)                       |
| wsrep_ready                      | ON                                   |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
71 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit ;

步骤四:配置第3台PXC服务器(192.168.4.88)

[root@pxcnode88 ~]# cd PXC  //进软件目录
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]# rpm -ivh qpress-1.1-14.11.x86_64.rpm  //安装依赖
警告:qpress-1.1-14.11.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 6cb7b81f: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:qpress-1.1-14.11                 ################################# [100%]
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]#
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]# tar -xvf Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-5.7.25-31.35-r463-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar  //解压PXC软件包
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]# yum -y  install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-*.rpm //安装软件
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf //修改数据库服务配置
[mysqld]
server-id=88 //指定server_id
:wq
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]#
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf //修改集群服务配置文件
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.4.66       //集群成员ip地址
wsrep_node_address=192.168.4.88   //指定本机Ip地址
wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster  //指定集群名称(另外2台的集群名称要于此相同)
wsrep_node_name=pxcnode88  //指定本机主机名
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:123qqq...A" //数据全量同步授权用户及密码
:wq
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]#
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]# systemctl  start mysql  //启动服务
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]# systemctl  enable mysql  //服务开机运行
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]# netstat -utnlp  | grep  :3306 //查看MySQL服务端口
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      24472/mysqld  
[root@pxcnode88 PXC]# netstat -utnlp  | grep  :4567 //查看集群端口
tcp6       0      0 :::4567                 :::*                    LISTEN      24486/mysqld 

步骤五:公共配置(192.168.4.88、192.168.4.10、192.168.4.66)

修改192.168.4.88主机的集群配置文件
[root@pxcnode88 ~]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf  
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.4.66,192.168.4.10,192.168.4.88 //指定集群成员列表
:wq
修改192.168.4.10主机的集群配置文件
[root@pxcnode10 ~]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf  
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.4.66,192.168.4.88,192.168.4.10 //指定集群成员列表
:wq
修改192.168.4.66主机的集群配置文件
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf  
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.4.66,192.168.4.88,192.168.4.10 //指定集群成员列表
:wq

案例4:部署LB集群

配置步骤如下:

  • 安装软件
  • 修改配置文件
  • 启动服务
  • 测试配置
    拓扑结构如图-3所示。创建1台新的虚拟机,配置ip地址 eth0 192.168.4.99 主机名 haproxy99 ;运行haproxy服务 接受客户端访问数据库的连接请求,把请求平均分发给3台PXC集群主机。
    在这里插入图片描述

步骤一:安装软件: 在haproxy99主机上安装haproxy软件

[root@haproxy99 ~]# yum -y install haproxy

步骤二:修改配置文件

[root@haproxy99 ~]# vim  /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
Global   //全局配置默认即可
    log         127.0.0.1 local2
    chroot      /var/lib/haproxy
    pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid
    maxconn     4000
    user        haproxy
    group       haproxy
    daemon
    stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
defaults //默认配置(不需要修改)
    mode                    http
    log                     global
    option                  httplog
    option                  dontlognull
    option http-server-close
    option forwardfor       except 127.0.0.0/8
    option                  redispatch
    retries                 3
    timeout http-request    10s
    timeout queue           1m
    timeout connect         10s
    timeout client          1m
    timeout server          1m
    timeout http-keep-alive 10s
    timeout check           10s
    maxconn                 3000
listen status  //定义监控页面
        mode http   //模式为http
        bind *:80   //端口80
        stats enable //启用配置
        stats uri /admin  //访问目录名
        stats auth admin:admin  //登录用户与密码
listen mysql_3306 *:3306 //定义haproxy服务名称与端口号
    mode    tcp        //mysql服务 得使用 tcp 协议
    option  tcpka      //使用长连接  不需要每输入一个指令 就连接一次
    balance roundrobin //调度算法
    server  mysql_01 192.168.4.66:3306 check  //第1台数据库服务器
    server  mysql_02 192.168.4.10:3306 check  //第2台数据库服务器
    server  mysql_03 192.168.4.88:3306 check  //第3台数据库服务器
:wq

步骤三:启动服务

[root@haproxy99 ~]# systemctl  start haproxy //启动服务
[root@haproxy99 ~]# systemctl  enable haproxy  //开机运行
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/haproxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service.
[root@haproxy99 ~]# netstat -utnlp  | grep  :3306  //查看端口
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      29768/haproxy     

步骤四:测试配置:在网站服务器连接haproxy99主机访问数据

[root@web33 ~]# mysql –h192.168.4.99 –uyaya99 –p123qqq…A -e  'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode66  |   //第1次连接
+------------+
[root@web33 ~]#
[root@web33 ~]# mysql –h192.168.4.99 –uyaya99 –p123qqq…A -e  'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode10  |   //第2次连接
+------------+
[root@web33 ~]#
[root@web33 ~]# mysql –h192.168.4.99 –uyaya99 –p123qqq…A -e  'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode88  |   //第3次连接
+------------+

案例5:部署HA集群

在这里插入图片描述

步骤一:准备备用调度器主机

[root@haproxy98 ~]# yum -y  install haproxy
# 修改haproxy98主机haproxy.conf文件(直接拷贝haproxy99主机的配置文件也可以)
[root@haproxy98 ~]# scp  root@192.168.4.99:/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.4.99' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.4.99's password: //输入haproxy99主机的密码
haproxy.cfg      

# 启动haproxy服务
[root@haproxy98 ~]# systemctl  start  haproxy  //启动服务
[root@haproxy98 ~]# systemctl  enable  haproxy  //服务开机运行
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/haproxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service.
[root@haproxy98 ~]# netstat -utnlp  | grep  :3306  //查看端口
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      29768/haproxy                                                

步骤二:安装软件

在haproxy99主机安装keepalived软件
在haproxy98主机安装keepalived软件

[root@haproxy99 ~]# yum -y  install keepalived.x86_64
[root@haproxy98 ~]# yum -y  install keepalived.x86_64

步骤三:修改配置文件

修改haproxy99主机的配置文件

[root@haproxy99 ~]#vim  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
……
……
vrrp_iptables   //禁止iptables 
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER   //主服务器标识
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 150      //haproxy99 主机做主服务器,优先级要比 haproxy88主机高
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS  //主备服务器连接方式
        auth_pass 1111   //连接密码
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.4.100   //定义vip地址
    }
}
[root@haproxy99 ~]# scp  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  root@192.168.4.98: /etc/keepalived/
root@192.168.4.98's password:  //输入haproxy98主机的密码

修改haproxy98主机的配置文件

[root@haproxy98 ~]#vim  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
……
……
vrrp_iptables   //禁止iptables 
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP   //备用服务器标识
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100      //优先级要比 haproxy99低
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.4.100   //定义vip地址
    }
}

步骤四:启动服务

# 在haproxy99主机启动keepalived服务
[root@haproxy99 ~]# systemctl  start keepalived.service //启动服务
[root@haproxy99 ~]# 
[root@haproxy99 ~]# ip addr show | grep   192.168.4.100  //查看vip地址
    inet 192.168.4.100/32 scope global eth0
# 在haproxy98主机启动keepalived服务
[root@haproxy98 ~]# systemctl  start keepalived.service //启动服务
[root@haproxy98 ~]# 
[root@haproxy98 ~]# ip addr show  | grep   192.168.4.100 //查看不到vip 

步骤五:测试配置

# 客户端连接vip地址,访问数据库服务
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -h192.168.4.100 –uyaya99 –p123qqq…A -e 'select @@hostname'

测试高可用

[root@haproxy99 ~]# ip addr  show  | grep 192.168.4.100  //在haproxy99 主机查看VIP地址
    inet 192.168.4.100/32 scope global eth0
[root@haproxy99 ~]# systemctl  stop keepalived.service //停止keepalived服务 
[root@haproxy99 ~]# ip addr  show  | grep 192.168.4.100  //查看不到vip地址
[root@haproxy98 ~]# ip addr show  | grep  192.168.4.100 //在备用的haproxy98主机查看地址
    inet 192.168.4.100/32 scope global eth0
//客户端连接vip地址访问数据库服务
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -h192.168.4.100 –uyaya99 –p123qqq…A -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode66  |
+------------+
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