网络程序设计——2.利用TCP/UDP完成文件传输的设计和实现(上)
运行环境VMware搭载的Linux虚拟机Linux版本：Ubantu14.04LTS 一、实验目的1.利用循环面向连接的模型完成固定文件的传输（考虑服务器地址、端口号的设定方式）2.由固定文件扩展成手动输入或选择文件；3.参考connectTCP、connectUDP的方式对程序进行抽象、封装；(见下篇)二、实验内容TCP编程1.tcp_server.c...
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运行环境
VMware搭载的Linux虚拟机
Linux版本：Ubantu14.04LTS
一、实验目的
1.利用循环面向连接的模型完成固定文件的传输（考虑服务器地址、端口号的设定方式）
2.由固定文件扩展成手动输入或选择文件；
3.参考connectTCP、connectUDP的方式对程序进行抽象、封装；(见下篇)
二、实验内容
TCP编程
1.tcp_server.c
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <signal.h>
#define PORT 8888
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
void get_filename(char *filepath,char *filename)
{
/*解析文件名*/
int i=0,k=0;
for(i=strlen(filepath);i>=0;i--)
{
if(filepath[i]!='/')
{
k++;
}
else
break;
}
strcpy(filename,filepath+(strlen(filepath)-k)+1);
}
void process_conn_server(int sd)
{
ssize_t size = 0;
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
FILE *stream;
char filepath[100];
strcpy(buffer,"please enter a path!\n");
write(sd,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
int length = 0;
memset(filepath,'\0',sizeof(filepath));
length = read(sd,filepath,100);
if(length < 0){
printf("recv error!\n");
}
else
{
char filename[100] = {'\0'};
get_filename(filepath,filename);
printf("server: filename:\n%s",filename);
if( (stream=fopen(filename, "w")) == NULL){
printf("server:open file error!\n");
return;
}
while(1){/*读取文件并写入文件流*/
size = read(sd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
printf("server:size:%d\n",size);
if(size <= 0){
break;
}
int write_len=fwrite(buffer, sizeof(char), size, stream);
}
printf("recv finished!\n");
fclose(stream);
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
int socksd,sockcd;
struct sockaddr_in server,client;
pid_t pid;
if( (socksd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) < 0)
{
printf("socket create error!\n");
return -1;
}
printf("socket create success!\n");
/*加入此代码是为了避免再次打开服务器程序出现bind error的错误*/
int on = 1;
int ret = setsockopt(socksd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on));
memset(&server,0,sizeof(server));
server.sin_family = AF_INET;
server.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
server.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if( (bind(socksd,(struct sockaddr*)&server,sizeof(server)) < 0))
{
printf("socket bind error!\n");
return -1;
}
printf("socket bind success!\n");
if( (listen(socksd,10)) < 0)
{
printf("socket listen error!\n");
return -1;
}
printf("socket listen success!\n");
printf("waiting...\n");
/*处理sigchld信号，防止产生僵尸进程*/
if(signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR){
perror("signal error");
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
while(1){
socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
if( (sockcd = accept(socksd, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &addr_len)) < 0)
{
//出错
continue;
}
printf("server:accept\n");
/*建立一个新进程来处理到来的连接*/
pid = fork();
if(pid == 0)
{
process_conn_server(sockcd);
close(socksd);/*在子进程中关闭服务器的监听*/
exit(0);
return 0;
}
else{
close(sockcd);/*在父进程中关闭客户端的监听*/
}
}
return 0;
}
2.tcp_client.c
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 8888
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
void process_conn_client(int s)
{
ssize_t size = 0;
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
FILE *stream;
int length = 0;
char filepath[100] = {'\0'};
size = read(s, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
printf("%s",buffer);
scanf("%s",filepath);
write(s,filepath,100);
if( (stream = fopen(filepath,"r")) == NULL) {
printf("client:open file error!\n");
return;
}
printf("sending!\n");
while(1){
size = fread(buffer,sizeof(char),BUFFER_SIZE,stream);
if(size <= 0){
break;
}
write(s,buffer,size);
}
printf("send finished!\n");
fclose(stream);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
int socksd;
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
if( (socksd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) < 0)
{
printf("socket create error!\n");
return -1;
}
printf("socket create success!\n");
memset(&server_addr, 0 , sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//本机地址
/*将用户输入的字符串类型的IP地址转为整型*/
inet_pton(AF_INET,argv[1],&server_addr.sin_addr);
if( (connect(socksd,(struct sockaddr*)&server_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0)){
printf("client conn fail\n");
return -1;
}
printf("client conn!\n");
process_conn_client(socksd);
close(socksd);
return 0;
}
运行结果
编译打开服务器程序：
编译并打开客户端程序：
其中，输入路径是windata下的1.png文件（其中我用的windata是一个与windows共享的文件夹，在linux下操作它，windows也会有相应的操作结果），如下：
然后服务器端在将它传输到exp2文件夹内，如下:
exp2文件夹，传输前效果：
传输后效果：
UDP编程
3.udp_server.c
因为自己的udp并没有做好，但是应大家的要求还是写全吧，以下是借用别人的代码：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <stdlib.h> //for malloc
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define MAXLINE 4096
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int main()
{
int sockfd,temp,n,num;
struct sockaddr_in server,client;
char filename[100];
char filepath[100];
char *buffer;//file buffer
int fileTrans;
buffer = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*BUFFER_SIZE);
bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
//memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
int lenfilepath;
FILE *fp;
int writelength;
socklen_t addrlen;
//创建套接字
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0))<0)
{
printf("socket build error!\n");
}
else
{
printf("socket build success!\n");
}
memset(&server,0,sizeof(server));
server.sin_family= AF_INET;
server.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
server.sin_port = htons(6666);
//绑定套接字
if((bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&server,sizeof(server)))==-1)
{
printf("bind error!\n");
}
else
{
printf("bind success!\n");
}
addrlen=sizeof(client);
while(1)
{
memset(filename,'\0',sizeof(filename));
memset(filepath,'\0',sizeof(filepath));
//接受文件路径，返回文件路径的长度
lenfilepath = recvfrom(sockfd,filepath,100,0,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&addrlen);
ntohl(client.sin_addr.s_addr);
printf("%s",inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr));
printf("filepath :%s\n",filepath);
if(lenfilepath<0)
{
printf("recv error!\n");
exit(1);
}
//从路径中提取出文件名
else
{
int i=0,k=0;
for(i=strlen(filepath);i>=0;i--)
{
if(filepath[i]!='/')
{
k++;
}
else
break;
}
strcpy(filename,filepath+(strlen(filepath)-k)+1);
}
printf("filename :%s\n",filename);
//以写的方式打开文件
fp = fopen(filename,"w");
if(fp!=NULL)
{
//接受文件内容buffer，存在buffer中
while((fileTrans =recvfrom(sockfd,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&addrlen)))
{
printf("fileTrans: %d\n",fileTrans);
if(fileTrans<0)
{
printf("recv error!\n");
break;
}
//把buffter中的文件内容写到fp指针指的文件中
writelength = fwrite(buffer,sizeof(char),fileTrans,fp);
if(writelength <fileTrans)
{
printf("write error!\n");
break;
}
bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
//memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
}
printf("recv finished!\n");
fclose(fp);
}
//客户端如果文件名不存在直接终止程序导致filename是null
else
{
printf("filename is null!\n");
}
close(temp);
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
4.udp_client.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <stdlib.h> //for malloc
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int main()
{
int sockcd;
struct sockaddr_in server;
char filepath[100];//file to translate
FILE *fp;
int lenpath; //filepath length
char *buffer;//file buffer
int fileTrans;
buffer = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*BUFFER_SIZE);
bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
//memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
//创建套接字
if((sockcd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0))<0)
{
printf("socket build error!\n");
}
memset(&server,0,sizeof(server));
server.sin_family= AF_INET;
server.sin_port = htons(6666);
if(inet_pton(AF_INET,"127.0.0.1",&server.sin_addr)<0)
{
printf("inet_pton error!\n");
}
printf("file path:\n");
scanf("%s",filepath);//get filepath
//以读的方式打开文件
fp = fopen(filepath,"r");//opne file
//文件找不到直接退出程序
if(fp==NULL)
{
printf("filepath not found!\n");
return 0;
}
printf("filepath : %s\n",filepath);
lenpath = sendto(sockcd,filepath,strlen(filepath),0,(struct sockaddr *)&server,sizeof(server));// put file path to sever
if(lenpath<0)
{
printf("filepath send error!\n");
}
else
{
printf("filepath send success!\n");
}
sleep(3);
while((fileTrans = fread(buffer,sizeof(char),BUFFER_SIZE,fp)) >= 0)
{
printf("fileTrans =%d\n",fileTrans);
//发送文件的内容
int flag;
if( (flag = sendto(sockcd,buffer,fileTrans,0,(struct sockaddr *)&server,sizeof(server))) < 0)
{
printf("send failed!\n");
break;
}
else if(flag == 0){
printf("send finished!\n");
break;
}
bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
//memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
}
fclose(fp);
close(sockcd);
return 0;
}
UDP的编译过程结果同TCP，亲测可以跑。
对于想要进一步学习的网友，可以去找下篇封装成connectTCP和connectUDP的实现代码。
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