1. OpenStack简介

OpenStack 是一系列开源工具（或开源项目）的组合，主要使用池化虚拟资源来构建和管理私有云及公共云。其中的六个项目主要负责处理核心云计算服务，包括计算、网络、存储、身份和镜像服务。还有另外十多个可选项目，用户可把它们捆绑打包，用来创建独特、可部署的云架构。

1.1. 云计算模式

1、IaaS：基础设施即服务（个人比较习惯的）：用户通过网络获取虚机、存储、网络，然后用户根据自己的需求操作获取的资源
2、PaaS：平台即服务：将软件研发平台作为一种服务， 如Eclipse/Java编程平台，服务商提供编程接口/运行平台等
3、SaaS：软件即服务 ：将软件作为一种服务通过网络提供给用户，如web的电子邮件、HR系统、订单管理系统、客户关系系统等。用户无需购买软件，而是向提供商租用基于web的软件，来管理企业经营活动

2. OpenStack 项目介绍：

OpenStack 架构由大量开源项目组成。其中包含 6 个稳定可靠的核心服务，用于处理计算、网络、存储、身份和镜像； 同时，还为用户提供了十多种开发成熟度各异的可选服务。OpenStack 的 6 个核心服务主要担纲系统的基础架构，其余项目则负责管理控制面板、编排、裸机部署、信息传递、容器及统筹管理等操作。

1. keystone：Keystone 认证所有 OpenStack 服务并对其进行授权。同时，它也是所有服务的端点目录。
2. glance：Glance 可存储和检索多个位置的虚拟机磁盘镜像。
3. nova：是一个完整的OpenStack 计算资源管理和访问工具，负责处理规划、创建和删除操作。
4. neutron：Neutron 能够连接其他 OpenStack 服务并连接网络。
5. dashboard：web管理界面
6. Swift： 是一种高度容错的对象存储服务，使用 RESTful API 来存储和检索非结构数据对象。
7. Cinder 通过自助服务 API 访问持久块存储。
8. Ceilometer：计费
9. Heat：编排

OpenStack架构图

通过消息队列和数据库，各个组件可以相互调用，互相通信。每个项目都有各自的特性，大而全的架构并非适合每一个用户，如Glance在最早的A、B版本中并没有实际出现应用，Nova可以脱离镜像服务独立运行。当用户的云计算规模大到需要管理多种镜像时，才需要像Glance这样的组件。

OpenStack的逻辑架构

---

2.1 Openstack创建实例的流程

1、通过登录界面dashboard或命令行CLI通过RESTful API向keystone获取认证信息。

2、 keystone通过用户请求认证信息，并生成auth-token返回给对应的认证请求。

3、 然后携带auth-token通过RESTful API向nova-api发送一个boot instance的请求。

---

4、 nova-api接受请求后向keystone发送认证请求，查看token是否为有效用户和token。
5、 keystone验证token是否有效，将结果返回给nova-api。

---

6、通过认证后nova-api和数据库通讯，初始化新建虚拟机的数据库记录。

---

7、 nova-api调用rabbitmq，向nova-scheduler请求是否有创建虚拟机的资源(node主机)。

8、 nova-scheduler进程侦听消息队列，获取nova-api的请求。

---

9、 nova-scheduler通过查询nova数据库中计算资源的情况，并通过调度算法计算符合虚拟机创建需要的主机。
10、 对于有符合虚拟机创建的主机，nova-scheduler更新数据库中虚拟机对应的物理主机信息。

---

11、 nova-scheduler通过rpc调用向nova-compute发送对应的创建虚拟机请求的消息。
nova-compute会从对应的消息队列中获取创建虚拟机请求的消息。

---

12、 nova-compute通过rpc调用向nova-conductor请求获取虚拟机消息。（Flavor）
nova-conductor从消息队队列中拿到nova-compute请求消息。

---

13、 nova-conductor根据消息查询虚拟机对应的信息。
nova-conductor从数据库中获得虚拟机对应信息。

---

14、 nova-conductor把虚拟机信息通过消息的方式发送到消息队列中。
nova-compute从对应的消息队列中获取虚拟机信息消息。

---

15、 nova-compute请求glance-api获取创建虚拟机所需要镜像。

---

16、 glance-api向keystone认证token是否有效，并返回验证结果。

---

17、 token验证通过，nova-compute获得虚拟机镜像信息(URL)。

---

18、 nova-compute请求neutron-server获取创建虚拟机所需要的网络信息。
19、 neutron-server向keystone认证token是否有效，并返回验证结果。
20、token验证通过，nova-compute获得虚拟机网络信息。

---

21、 nova-compute请求cinder-api获取创建虚拟机所需要的持久化存储信息。
22、 cinder-api向keystone认证token是否有效，并返回验证结果。
23、 token验证通过，nova-compute获得虚拟机持久化存储信息。

---

24、 nova-compute根据instance的信息调用配置的虚拟化驱动来创建虚拟机。

---

2.2. 总图

---

3. openstack项目搭建

3.1 base环境准备

图中数字，如10，表示ip：192.168.99.10

---

4. 环境配置

1、系统：
计算节点：centos 7.6.1810
其它：centos 7.6.1810

2、 准备yum源：/etc/yum.repos.d/openstack.repo

yum install centos-release-openstack-stein

3、安装openstack客户端、openstack SELinux管理包（控制端与计算节点安装，其它不需要）

yum install python-openstackclient openstack-selinux

4、更改主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname 主机名

5、时间同步

cp -f /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai  /etc/localtime
ntpdate  time3.aliyun.com && hwclock  -w

6、配置hosts

echo "192.168.99.100 openstackvip.com" >> /etc/hosts

这里设置你的vip和你的域名

7、如果你做bond，就做这步，否则就跳过。
bond配置

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
vim ifcfg-bond0 

BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=bond0
DEVICE=bond0
ONBOOT=yes
BONDING_MASTER=yes
BONDING_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100" #指定绑定类型为1及链路状态监测间隔时间
IPADDR=192.168.99.101
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.99.2
DNS1=202.106.0.20

eth0配置：

vim ifcfg-eth0 

BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
MASTER=bond0
USERCTL=no
SLAVE=yes

eth1配置：

vim ifcfg-eth1

BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=eth1
DEVICE=eth1
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
MASTER=bond0
USERCTL=no
SLAVE=yes

---

4.1. 配置Mariadb数据库

在数据库节点上配置
1、 安装组件

yum -y install  mariadb mariadb-server 

2、 配置my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf

[mysqld]
bind-address = 192.168.99.106
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = on
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8

3、启动数据库和设置开机启动

systemctl enable mariadb.service
systemctl restart mariadb.service

4、通过运行脚本来保护数据库服务

mysql_secure_installation

---

4.2. 配置Memcached

数据库节点配置
1、安装：

yum -y install memcached python-memcached

2、编辑配置文件
配置服务以使用控制器节点的管理IP地址。这是为了通过网络访问其他节点：

vim /etc/sysconfig/memcached
替换下面这句

OPTIONS="-l 192.168.99.106"

3、启动Memcached服务并设置开机自启：

systemctl enable memcached.service
systemctl restart memcached.service

---

4.3. 安装rabbit-MQ消息队列服务

数据库节点配置

1、 安装

yum -y install rabbitmq-server

2、启动(端口：15672)

systemctl enable rabbitmq-server
systemctl restart rabbitmq-server

3、添加用户和密码

rabbitmqctl add_user openstack 123

4、授权

rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"

5、 打开web插件

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

6、查看插件

rabbitmq-plugins list

7、web访问端口15672，用户密码都是guest

---

5. 配置haproxy+keepalived

haproxy节点配置：

1、 安装keepalived和haproxy

yum -y install keepalived haproxy

2、配置master_keepalived

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
       root@localhost
   }
   notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id ha_1
   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   vrrp_strict
   vrrp_iptables
   vrrp_garp_interval 0
   vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.99.100 dev eth0 label eth0:1
    }
}

3、 启动

systemctl restart keepalived
systemctl enable keepalived

4、haproxy配置

vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

global
    log         127.0.0.1 local2
    chroot      /var/lib/haproxy
    pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid
    maxconn     4000
    user        haproxy
    group       haproxy
    daemon
    stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats

defaults
    mode                    http
    log                     global
    option                  httplog
    option                  dontlognull
    option http-server-close
    option forwardfor       except 127.0.0.0/8
    option                  redispatch
    retries                 3
    timeout http-request    180s
    timeout queue           10m
    timeout connect         180s
    timeout client          10m
    timeout server          10m
    timeout http-keep-alive 180s
    timeout check           10s
    maxconn                 3000

listen stats
    mode http
    bind :9999
    stats enable
    log global
    stats uri /haproxy-status
    stats auth admin:123
listen dashboard
    bind :80
    mode http
    balance source
    server dashboard 192.168.99.106:80 check inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen mysql
    bind :3306
    mode tcp
    balance source
    server mysql 192.168.99.106:3306 check inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen memcached
    bind :11211
    mode tcp
    balance source
    server memcached 192.168.99.106:11211 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen rabbit
    bind :5672
    mode tcp
    server rabbit 192.168.99.106:5672 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen rabbit_web
    bind :15672
    mode http
    server rabbit_web 192.168.99.106:15672 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5

listen keystone
    bind :5000
    mode tcp
    server keystone 192.168.99.101:5000 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen glance
    bind :9292
    mode tcp
    server glance 192.168.99.101:9292 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen placement
    bind :8778
    mode tcp
    server placement 192.168.99.101:8778 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen neutron
    bind :9696
    mode tcp
    server neutron 192.168.99.101:9696 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen nova
    bind :8774
    mode tcp
    server nova 192.168.99.101:8774 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen VNC
    bind :6080
    mode tcp
    server VNC 192.168.99.101:6080 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5

5、 启动

systemctl restart haproxy
systemctl enable haproxy

6、查检下端口

ss -tnl

# 输出
State      Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128      *:5000                 *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:5672                 *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:8778                 *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:3306                 *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:11211                *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:9292                 *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:9999                 *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:80                   *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:22                   *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:15672                *:*
LISTEN     0      100    127.0.0.1:25                   *:*             
LISTEN     0      128      *:6080                 *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:9696                 *:*
LISTEN     0      128      *:8774                 *:*
LISTEN     0      128     :::22                  :::*
LISTEN     0      100    ::1:25                  :::*

7、 配置内核参数

echo "net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

启动haproxy的时候，允许忽视VIP的存在

echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

允许ip转发

sysctl -p

使之生效

---

6. 配置keystone认证服务

6.1. 数据库：106

keystone数据库配置

[mysql]$ mysql -uroot -p123

MariaDB [(none)]> create database keystone;
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on keystone.* to keystone@'%' identified by '123';

6.2. 控制端: 101

1、安装插件

yum -y install python2-PyMySQL mariadb

2、Controller节点测试

mysql -ukeystone -h 192.168.99.106 -p123

3、Controller添加host文件：/etc/hosts

192.168.99.100 openstackvip.com

4、配置keystone
4.1.安装

yum -y install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi python-memcached

4.2.生成临时token

openssl rand -hex 10

4.3.输出，记住ta，有用

db148a2487000ad12b90

4.4. 配置/etc/keystone/keystone.conf

sed -i.bak -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

[DEFAULT]
admin_token = db148a2487000ad12b90

[access_rules_config]
[application_credential]
[assignment]
[auth]
[cache]
[catalog]
[cors]
[credential]

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:123@openstackvip.com/keystone

[domain_config]
[endpoint_filter]
[endpoint_policy]
[eventlet_server]
[federation]
[fernet_receipts]
[fernet_tokens]
[healthcheck]
[identity]
[identity_mapping]
[jwt_tokens]
[ldap]
[memcache]
[oauth1]
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[policy]
[profiler]
[receipt]
[resource]
[revoke]
[role]
[saml]
[security_compliance]
[shadow_users]
[signing]

[token]
provider = fernet

[tokenless_auth]
[trust]
[unified_limit]
[wsgi]

4.5.更新Identity服务数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

4.6.初始化Fernet密钥存储库

keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

4.7.验证：

ls /etc/keystone/fernet-keys/

1 0

4.8.配置apache配置文件/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
加配置Servername controller:80

sed -i '1s#$#\nServername controller:80#' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

4.9.软链接配置文件

ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

4.10.启动Apache HTTP服务

systemctl enable httpd.service
systemctl restart httpd.service

4.11. 配置管理帐户

export OS_TOKEN=db148a2487000ad12b90
export OS_URL=http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

4.12.验证下：

openstack domain list

The request you have made requires authentication. (HTTP 401) (Request-ID: req-03ea8186-0af9-4fa8-ba53-d043cd28e2c0)

这里出错了，检查下你的token，OS_TOKEN设置变量的时候是不是没有跟你在/etc/keystone/keystone.conf配置文件中设置的TOKEN的一样，改成一样的就可以了。

openstack domain list

输出是空的就对了，因为我们还没有添加

4.13.创建新域的正式方法

openstack domain create --description "exdomain" default

4.14. 创建项目admin

openstack project create --domain default \
  --description "Admin Project" admin

4.15.创建admin，密码设置123

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt admin

4.16.创建角色

openstack role create admin

4.17. 给admin用户授权

openstack role add --project admin --user admin admin

4.18.创建demo项目

openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo project" demo

4.19.给demo创建用户

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt demo

4.20.创建user角色（现在就有user和admin）

openstack role create user

4.21. 给demo用户授权user

openstack role add --project demo --user demo user

4.22.创建service项目

openstack project create --domain default --description "service project" service

4.23.创建用户glance

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance

4.24.给service添加glance用户并授权admin角色

openstack role add --project service --user glance admin

4.25.创建nova、neutron用户并授权

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova

openstack role add --project service --user nova admin

4.26. 创建keystone的认证服务

openstack service create --name keystone --description "openstack identify" identity

4.27.查看服务列表

openstack service list

4.28.创建endpoint,地址写vip
公共端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity public http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3

私有端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity internal http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3

管理端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity admin http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3

4.29.测试keystone能否验证

unset OS_TOKEN

openstack --os-auth-url http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3 \
--os-project-domain-name default \
--os-user-domain-name default \
--os-project-name admin \
--os-username admin token issue

4.30.使用脚本配置环境变量
admin用户脚本keystone_admin.sh

#!/bin/bash
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=123
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

demo用户脚本keystone_demo.sh

#!/bin/bash
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo
export OS_USERNAME=demo
export OS_PASSWORD=123
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

---

7. 配置glance服务

Glance是Openstack镜像服务组件，监听在9292端口，接收REST API请求，通过其它模块来完成镜像的获取，上传，删除等。
在创建虚拟机的时候，先把镜像上传到glace，
glance-api接收镜像的删除、上传和读取；
glance-registry(port:9191)与mysql交互，存储获取镜像的元数据。
glance数据库有两张表，一张image表，一张image property表：保存了镜像格式、大小等信息
image store是一个存储的接口层，通过这个接口glance可以获取镜像

7.1 控制端安装glance

yum -y install openstack-glance

7.2 在数据库数据库与用户

mysql -uroot -p123

MariaDB [(none)]> create database glance;
MariaDB [(none)]>  grant all on glance.* to 'glance'@'%' identified by '123';

7.3 验证glance用户连接

mysql -hopenstackvip.com -uglance -p123

7.4 编辑配置文件/etc/glance/glance-api.conf

sed -i -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d'  /etc/glance/glance-api.conf

vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf

[DEFAULT]

[cinder]

[cors]

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123@openstackvip.com/glance

[file]
[glance.store.http.store]
[glance.store.rbd.store]
[glance.store.sheepdog.store]
[glance.store.swift.store]
[glance.store.vmware_datastore.store]

[glance_store]
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images

[image_format]

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://openstackvip.com:5000
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000
memcached_servers = openstackvip.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = 123

[oslo_concurrency]
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]

[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone

[profiler]
[store_type_location_strategy]
[task]
[taskflow_executor]

7.5 编辑配置文件/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf

sed -i -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d'  /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf

vim /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf

[DEFAULT]

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123@openstackvip.com/glance

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://openstackvip.com:5000
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000
memcached_servers = openstackvip.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = 123

[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_policy]

[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone

[profiler]

---

7.6 初始化glance数据库并验证数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

7.7 启动glance并设置为开机启动

systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service
systemctl restart openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service

7.8 验证glance端口(30022,9191,9292)

7.9 glance服务注册(设置环境变量)

source keystone_admin.sh

7.10 创建glance服务

openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image

7.11 创建公有endpoint

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://openstackvip.com:9292

7.12 创建私有endpoint

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://openstackvip.com:9292

7.13 创建管理endpoint

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin   http://openstackvip.com:9292

7.14 验证以上步骤

openstack endpoint list

7.15 验证glance服务

glance image-list

openstack image list

7.16 测试glance上传镜像

wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.4/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img

7.17 创建

openstack image create "cirros" \
--file  /root/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img \
--disk-format qcow2 \
--container-format bare \
--public

7.18 验证glance镜像

glance image-list

openstack image list

7.19 查看指定镜像信息

openstack image  show  cirros

+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field            | Value                                                                                                                                                                                      |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| checksum         | ee1eca47dc88f4879d8a229cc70a07c6                                                                                                                                                           |
| container_format | bare                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| created_at       | 2019-08-22T06:20:18Z                                                                                                                                                                       |
| disk_format      | qcow2                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| file             | /v2/images/7ae353f8-db19-4449-b4ac-df1e70fe96f7/file                                                                                                                                       |
| id               | 7ae353f8-db19-4449-b4ac-df1e70fe96f7                                                                                                                                                       |
| min_disk         | 0                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| min_ram          | 0                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| name             | cirros                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| owner            | 7cbf02c5e55f43938062a9e31e9ea4bb                                                                                                                                                           |
| properties       | os_hash_algo='sha512', os_hash_value='1b03ca1bc3fafe448b90583c12f367949f8b0e665685979d95b004e48574b953316799e23240f4f739d1b5eb4c4ca24d38fdc6f4f9d8247a2bc64db25d6bbdb2', os_hidden='False' |
| protected        | False                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| schema           | /v2/schemas/image                                                                                                                                                                          |
| size             | 13287936                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| status           | active                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| tags             |                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| updated_at       | 2019-08-22T06:20:19Z                                                                                                                                                                       |
| virtual_size     | None                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| visibility       | public                                                                                                                                                                                     |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

---

8. 配置placement服务

8.1. 数据库

mysql -u root -p

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE placement;

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'%' \
  IDENTIFIED BY '123';

8.2. 控制端

8.2.1 使用您选择的创建Placement服务用户PLACEMENT_PASS

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement

8.2.2 使用admin角色将Placement用户添加到服务项目

openstack role add --project service --user placement admin

8.2.3 在服务目录中创建Placement API条目

openstack service create --name placement \
  --description "Placement API" placement

8.2.4 创建Placement API服务端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://openstackvip.com:8778

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://openstackvip.com:8778

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://openstackvip.com:8778

8.2.5 安装openstack-placement-api

yum -y install openstack-placement-api

8.2.6 编辑/etc/placement/placement.conf

sed -i -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' /etc/placement/placement.conf

vim /etc/placement/placement.conf

[DEFAULT]

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
memcached_servers = openstackvip.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = placement
password = 123

[placement]

[placement_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:123@openstackvip.com/placement

8.2.7 填充placement数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "placement-manage db sync" placement

8.2.8 重启httpd服务

systemctl restart httpd

8.2.9 验证

placement-status upgrade check

+----------------------------------+
| Upgrade Check Results            |
+----------------------------------+
| Check: Missing Root Provider IDs |
| Result: Success                  |
| Details: None                    |
+----------------------------------+
| Check: Incomplete Consumers      |
| Result: Success                  |
| Details: None                    |
+----------------------------------+

---

9. 配置nova

9.1. 配置nova控制节点

nova分为控制节点和计算节点，计算节点通过nova computer进行虚拟机创建，通过libvirt调用kvm创建虚拟机，nova之间通信通过rabbitMQ队列进行通信

其组件和功能如下：
API：负责接收和响应外部请求。
Scheduler：负责调度虚拟机所在的物理机。
Conductor：计算节点访问数据库的中间件。
Consoleauth：用于控制台的授权认证。
Novncproxy：VNC 代理，用于显示虚拟机操作终端。

Nova-API的功能：
Nova-api组件实现了restful API的功能，接收和响应来自最终用户的计算API请求，接收外部的请求并通过message queue将请求发动给其他服务组件，同时也兼容EC2 API，所以也可以使用EC2的管理工具对nova进行日常管理。

nova scheduler：
nova scheduler模块在openstack中的作用是决策虚拟机创建在哪个主机（计算节点）上。决策一个虚拟机应该调度到某物理节点，需要分为两个步骤：
过滤（filter）：过滤出可以创建虚拟机的主机
计算权值（weight）：根据权重大进行分配，默认根据资源可用空间进行权重排序

---

9.1.1. 安装并配置nova控制节点

数据库服务器操作
1、配置数据库

mysql -uroot -p123

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123';

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%'  IDENTIFIED BY '123';

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123';

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;

---

9.1.2. 在控制端

1、 安装

yum -y install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor \
  openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy  \
  openstack-nova-scheduler 

2、 创建nova服务(类型compute)

openstack service create --name nova \
  --description "OpenStack Compute" compute

3、创建公共端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  compute public http://openstackvip.com:8774/v2.1

4、创建私有端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  \
  compute internal http://openstackvip.com:8774/v2.1

5、 创建管理端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  compute admin http://openstackvip.com:8774/v2.1

6、 编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf

sed -i -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' /etc/nova/nova.conf

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]
my_ip = 192.168.99.101
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123@openstackvip.com
rpc_backend=rabbit

[api]
auth_strategy=keystone

[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123@openstackvip.com/nova_api

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123@openstackvip.com/nova

[glance]
api_servers = http://openstackvip.com:9292

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
memcached_servers = openstackvip.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = 123

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = default
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
username = placement
password = 123

[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

7、配置apache允许访问placement API

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-placement-api.conf

最下方添加以下配置：

<Directory /usr/bin>
   <IfVersion >= 2.4>
      Require all granted
   </IfVersion>
   <IfVersion < 2.4>
      Order allow,deny
      Allow from all
   </IfVersion>
</Directory>

8、重启http

systemctl restart httpd

9、初始化数据库

#nova_api数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova

#nova cell0数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova

#nova cell1 数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova

#nova数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova

10、 验证nova cell0和nova cell1是否正常注册

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova

11、 启动并将nova服务设置为开机启动

systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service   \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service   \
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service  \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

12、重启nova控制端脚本（nova-restart.sh）

#!/bin/bash
systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service   openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service   openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

chmod  a+x nova-restart.sh

---

13、查看rabbitMQ连接

14、验证nova控制端

nova service-list

---

9.2. 配置nova计算节点

1、安装nova-compute包

yum -y install openstack-nova-compute

2、配置nova

sed -i -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' /etc/nova/nova.conf

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf

#全部配置：
[DEFAULT]
my_ip = 192.168.99.23
use_neutron=true
firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123@openstackvip.com

[api]
auth_strategy=keystone

[glance]
api_servers=http://openstackvip.com:9292

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
memcached_servers = openstackvip.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = 123

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = default
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
username = placement
password = 123

[vnc]
enabled=true
server_listen=0.0.0.0
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url=http://openstackvip.com:6080/vnc_auto.html

3、 确认计算节点是否支持硬件加速

egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

40

如果此命令返回值zero，则您的计算节点不支持硬件加速，您必须配置libvirt为使用QEMU而不是KVM。

编辑文件中的[libvirt]部分，/etc/nova/nova.conf如下所示：

[libvirt]
# ...
virt_type = qemu

4、启动nova 计算服务并设置为开机启动

systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
systemctl restart libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

---

9.2.1. 控制端

1、添加计算节点到cell 数据库

source  admin-openstack.sh 
openstack compute service list --service nova-compute

2、主动发现计算节点
使用命令发现

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova

3、定期主动发现

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf

加上这条
[scheduler]
discover_hosts_in_cells_interval=300

4、重启nova服务

bash nova-restart.sh 

---

下面是验证：

5、验证1：列出服务组件以验证每个进程的成功启动和注册

[controller]$ openstack compute service list
+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| ID | Binary           | Host       | Zone     | Status  | State | Updated At                 |
+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
|  1 | nova-consoleauth | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2019-08-23T03:24:19.000000 |
|  2 | nova-scheduler   | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2019-08-23T03:24:19.000000 |
|  3 | nova-conductor   | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2019-08-23T03:24:13.000000 |
|  6 | nova-compute     | note1      | nova     | enabled | up    | 2019-08-23T03:24:19.000000 |
+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

6、验证2：列出Identity服务中的API端点以验证与Identity服务的连接

openstack catalog list

7、验证3：列出Image服务中的图像以验证与Image服务的连接

openstack image list

+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name   | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 7ae353f8-db19-4449-b4ac-df1e70fe96f7 | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+

8、验证4：检查单元格和放置API是否正常运行以及其他必要的先决条件是否到位

nova-status upgrade check

10. 配置neutron服务

10.1. 配置neutron控制节点

1、在数据库服务器上创建
要创建数据库，请完成以下步骤

mysql -u root -p

MariaDB [(none)] CREATE DATABASE neutron;

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' \
  IDENTIFIED BY '123';

---

2、创建neutron用户

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron

3、将admin角色添加到neutron用户

openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin

4、 创建neutron服务实体

openstack service create --name neutron \
  --description "OpenStack Networking" network

5、 创建网络服务API端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  network public http://openstackvip.com:9696

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  network internal http://openstackvip.com:9696

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  network admin http://openstackvip.com:9696

配置网络选项
6、 安装组件

yum -y install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 \
  openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables

配置服务器组件
7、编辑neutron

sed -i.bak -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[DEFAULT]
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins =
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123@openstackvip.com
auth_strategy = keystone
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true

[cors]

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:123@openstackvip.com/neutron

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://openstackvip.com:5000
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000
memcached_servers = openstackvip.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 123

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[privsep]
[ssl]

[nova]
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = 123

[nova]这个选项没有，要手动加，在结尾加

配置模块化第2层（ML2）插件
8、 编辑ml2_conf.ini文件

sed -i.bak -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini

vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini

[DEFAULT]

[ml2]
type_drivers = flat,vlan
tenant_network_types =
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge
extension_drivers = port_security

[ml2_type_flat]
flat_networks = provider

[securitygroup]
enable_ipset = true

配置Linux桥代理
9、编辑linuxbridge_agent.ini文件

sed -i.bak -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]

[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:eth0

[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false

[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

10、设置/etc/sysctl.conf文件

echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

生效

sysctl -p

这里会报错，不管

sysctl: cannot stat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables: No such file or directory
sysctl: cannot stat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-ip6tables: No such file or directory

配置DHCP代理
11、编辑dhcp_agent.ini文件

vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]
interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true

配置元数据代理
12、编辑metadata_agent.ini文件

vim /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]
nova_metadata_host = 192.168.99.101
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 123

nova_metadata_host写控制端ip，这里我们写vip，再由ha反向代理回来
metadata_proxy_shared_secret为元数据代理的密码

配置Compute服务以使用Networking服务
13、 编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf文件

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
在最后加上

[neutron]
url = http://openstackvip.com:9696
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 123
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 123

metadata_proxy_shared_secret 这是我们第11条里配置的密码

14、 网络服务初始化脚本需要一个/etc/neutron/plugin.ini指向ML2插件配置文件的符号链接/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini。

ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini

15、填充数据库：

su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron

16、重新启动Compute API服务：

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

17、启动网络服务并将其配置为在系统引导时启动

systemctl enable neutron-server.service \
  neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service \
  neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
  neutron-metadata-agent.service

systemctl restart neutron-server.service \
  neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service \
  neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
  neutron-metadata-agent.service

注：如果选择了Self-service networks，就需要启动第3层服务，我们选择的是Provider networks所以不需要

systemctl enable neutron-l3-agent.service
systemctl restart neutron-l3-agent.service

---

10.2. 配置neutron计算节点

1、安装组件

yum -y install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset

配置公共组件
2、编辑neutron.conf文件

sed -i.bak -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123@openstackvip.com
auth_strategy = keystone

[cors]
[database]
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://openstackvip.com:5000
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000
memcached_servers = openstackvip.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 123

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[privsep]
[ssl]

配置Linux桥代理
3、 编辑linuxbridge_agent.ini文件

sed -i.bak -e '/^#/d' -e '/^$/d' /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]

[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:eth0

[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false

[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

确保您的Linux操作系统内核支持网桥过滤器
4、 配置/etc/sysctl.conf文件

echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf 
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

生效

sysctl -p

配置Compute服务以使用Networking服务
5、编辑nova.conf文件

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf

[neutron]
url = http://openstackvip.com:9696
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 123

6、重新启动Compute服务：

systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service

7、启动Linux网桥代理并将其配置为在系统引导时启动：

systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctl restart neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service

---

10.2.2. 控制节点

1、 验证

openstack extension list --network
openstack network agent list

---

11. 创建实例

11.1. 控制端

创建网络
1、 创建提供者网络(最后的provider是网络名)

openstack network create  --share --external \
  --provider-physical-network provider \
  --provider-network-type flat provider

2、验证：

openstack network list
#或
neutron net-list

3、 在网络上创建子网

openstack subnet create --network provider \
  --allocation-pool start=192.168.99.200,end=192.168.99.210 \
  --dns-nameserver 192.168.99.2 --gateway 192.168.99.2 \
  --subnet-range 192.168.99.0/24 provider-sub

–network需要写你上面创建的网络名
provider-sub是子网名

4、验证：

openstack subnet list
#或
neutron subnet-list

11.2. 创建实例类型

openstack flavor create --id 0 --vcpus 1 --ram 1024 --disk 10 m1.nano

–vcpus ：几个核的cpu
–ram ：内存（单位M）
–disk ：储存（单位G）
最后为类型名；

1、查看类型列表

openstack flavor list

生成密钥对
2、生成密钥对并添加公钥

ssh-keygen -q -N ""
openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey

3、验证密钥对的添加

openstack keypair list

添加安全组规则
4、 允许ICMP（ping）

openstack security group rule create --proto icmp default

5、允许安全shell（SSH）访问：

openstack security group rule create --proto tcp --dst-port 22 default

6、验证
查看类型

openstack flavor list

7、查看镜像

openstack image list

8、列出可用网络

openstack network list

9、列出可用的安全组：

openstack security group list

10、启动实例

openstack server create --flavor m1.nano --image cirros \
  --nic net-id=a57d2907-a59d-4422-b231-8d3c788d10d3  \
  --security-group default \
  --key-name mykey provider-instance

–flavor: 类型名称
–image: 镜像名称
–security-group：安全组名
PROVIDER_NET_ID替换网络ID

最后provider-instance是实例名

11、查看实例状态

openstack server list

12、使用虚拟控制台访问实例

openstack console url show provider-instance

provider-instance是你的实例名称
在浏览器使用url来连接实例

---

12. 配置Dashboard服务

horizon是openstack的管理其他组件的图形显示和操作界面，通过API和其他服务进行通讯，如镜像服务、计算服务和网络服务等结合使用，horizon基于python django开发，通过Apache的wsgi模块进行web访问通信，Horizon只需要更改配置文件连接到keyston即可

12.1. 控制端

1、安装和配置组件

yum -y install openstack-dashboard

2、编辑 /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings文件
打开配置文件，搜索下面这些键，替换他们(下面提供sed命令)
controller节点

OPENSTACK_HOST = "192.168.99.101"

OPENSTACK_HOST写控制端本机的IP

启用Identity API版本3

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST

配置user为通过仪表板创建的用户的默认角色：

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"

接受所有主机

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

配置memcached会话存储服务

SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
CACHES = {
    'default': {
         'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
         'LOCATION': 'openstackvip.com:11211',
    }
}

启用对域的支持：

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True

配置API版本：

OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
    "identity": 3,
    "image": 2,
    "volume": 3,
}

配置Default为通过仪表板创建的用户的默认域：

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "default"

如果选择网络选项1，请禁用对第3层网络服务的支持：

OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
    'enable_router': False,
    'enable_quotas': False,
    'enable_distributed_router': False,
    'enable_ha_router': False,
    'enable_lb': False,
    'enable_firewall': False,
    'enable_vpn': False,
    'enable_fip_topology_check': False,
}

(可选)配置时区：

TIME_ZONE = "UTC"

sed一键配置

sed -i.bak '/^OPENSTACK_HOST/s#127.0.0.1#192.168.99.101#' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i '/^OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE/s#".*"#"user"#' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i "/^ALLOWED_HOSTS/s#\[.*\]#['*']#" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i '/^#SESSION_ENGINE/s/#//' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i "/^SESSION_ENGINE/s#'.*'#'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'#" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

sed -i "/^#    'default'/s/#//" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

sed -i "/^#CACHES/,+6s/#//" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i "/^        'LOCATION'/s#127.0.0.1#openstackvip.com#" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

sed -i "/OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT/s/#//" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i "/OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT/s#False#True#" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

sed -i "/OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS/,+5s/#//" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i '/"compute"/d' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i '/^#OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN/s/#//' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings 
sed -i '/^OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN/s/Default/default/' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i '/^OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK/,+7s#True#False#' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i  '/TIME_ZONE/s#UTC#UTC#' /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

sed -i  "/^OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK/s/$/\n    'enable_lb': False,/" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i  "/^OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK/s/$/\n    'enable_firewall': False,/" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
sed -i  "/^OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK/s/$/\n    'enable_vpn': False,/" /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

继续配置下面的

3、添加下行到配置文件/etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf

vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf

WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

4、 重新启动Web服务器和会话存储服务()

systemctl restart httpd.service 

5、memcached我安装在其它机器上

systemctl restart memcached.service

6、浏览器http://controller_IP/dashboard controller写你控制端的ip

---

13. 配置cinder（块存储服务）

监听端口：8776

配置cinder控制器节点

数据库端

mysql -u root -p

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE cinder;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' \
  IDENTIFIED BY '123';

控制端

. admin-openrc

1、创建cinder用户：

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder

2、将admin角色添加到cinder用户：

openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin

3、创建cinderv2和cinderv3服务实体

openstack service create --name cinderv2 \
  --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2

openstack service create --name cinderv3 \
  --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3

4、 创建Block Storage服务API端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev2 public http://openstackvip.com:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev2 internal http://openstackvip.com:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev2 admin http://openstackvip.com:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s


openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev3 public http://openstackvip.com:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev3 internal http://openstackvip.com:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
  volumev3 admin http://openstackvip.com:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s

5、安装和配置组件

yum -y install openstack-cinder

6、编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf文件并完成以下操作

vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

[database]
my_ip = 10.0.0.11
connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:CINDER_DBPASS@controller/cinder
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
# ...
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = CINDER_PASS

[oslo_concurrency]
# ...
lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

7、填充块存储数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder

8、 配置计算以使用块存储
编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf文件

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
加上这个配置

[cinder]
os_region_name = RegionOne

9、重新启动Compute API服务

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

10、启动Block Storage服务并将其配置为在系统引导时启动

systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

---

存储服务器

准备一台存储服务器，称之为“块存储”节点

• "块存储"节点

1. 安装LVM包：

   yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data

   

2. 启动LVM元数据服务
   systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
   systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service

3. 创建LVM物理卷/dev/sdb
   pvcreate /dev/sdb

4. 创建LVM卷组cinder-volumes
   vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb

5. 编辑lvm配置文件

vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf

找个下面这个字段修改

devices {
...
filter = [ "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"]

 a是access，r是reject，只授受sdb磁盘

1、 安装

yum install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone

2、编辑cinder.conf文件

vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

[DEFAULT]
my_ip = 192.168.99.111
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123@openstackvip.com
auth_strategy = keystone
enabled_backends = lvm
glance_api_servers = http://openstackvip.com:9292

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:123@openstackvip.com/cinder

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://openstackvip.com:5000
auth_url = http://openstackvip.com:5000
memcached_servers = openstackvip.com:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = 123

[lvm]
volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
volume_group = cinder-volumes
target_protocol = iscsi
target_helper = lioadm
volume_backend_name = Openstack-lvm

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

my_ip写你的本机的IP

3、 启动Block Storage卷服务

systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service

（可选）配置备份服务

"块存储"节点
1、安装

yum install openstack-cinder

2、 编辑cinder.conf文件

vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

[DEFAULT]
# ...
backup_driver = cinder.backup.drivers.swift
backup_swift_url = SWIFT_URL

openstack catalog show object-store

3、启动Block Storage备份服务

systemctl enable openstack-cinder-backup.service
systemctl start openstack-cinder-backup.service

---

14. openstack高可用配置

14.1. NFS

IP:192.168.99.105
1. 安装nfs

yum -y install nfs-utils

1. 添加用户
useradd openstack

1. 修改配置文件

echo "/var/lib/glance/images 192.168.99.0/24(rw,all_squash,anonuid=`id -u openstack`,anongid=`id -g openstack`)" > /etc/exports


1. 创建文件

mkdir -p /var/lib/glance/images


1. 启动服务

systemctl restart nfs-server
systemctl enable nfs-server
exportfs -r


1. 验证下

showmount -e


1. 给权限

chown -R openstack.openstack /var/lib/glance/images/

14.2. 控制端挂载NFS

showmount -e 192.168.99.115


在挂载之前先保存下镜像

mkdir /data ; mv /var/lib/glance/images/* /data

挂载

echo "192.168.99.115:/var/lib/glance/images /var/lib/glance/images nfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
mount -a 


再把镜像移回来
mv /data/* /var/lib/glance/images

14.3. haproxy高可用

需要的安装haproxy + keepalived
在前面已经做了一台haproxy+keepalived，所以我们需要再加一台物理机，做backup。
IP: 192.168.99.104
开始配置
1、安装

yum -y install keepalived haproxy

2、配置keepalived:

vim /etc/keepavlied/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
       root@localhost
   }
   notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id ha_1
   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
   vrrp_strict
   vrrp_iptables
   vrrp_garp_interval 0
   vrrp_gna_interval 0
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.99.100 dev eth0 label eth0:1
    }
}

3、 启动

systemctl start keepalived
systemctl enable keepalived

4、配置haproxy：

在配置之前要看下需要做反向代理的端口

PORT	服务
5000	keystone
9292	glance
8778	placement
8774	nova
9696	neutron
6080	VNC
3306	MySQL
5672	rabbitMQ
15672	rabbitMQ_WEB
11211	memcached

这个配置在ha_1上也要加上

vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.conf

listen stats
        mode http
        bind :9999
        stats enable
        log global
        stats uri /haproxy-status
        stats auth admin:123

listen dashboard
        bind :80
        mode http
        balance source
        server dashboard 192.168.99.101:80 check inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
        server dashboard 192.168.99.103:80 check inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen mysql
        bind :3306
        mode tcp
        balance source
        server mysql 192.168.99.106:3306 check inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5

listen memcached
        bind :11211
        mode tcp
        balance source
        server memcached 192.168.99.106:11211 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen rabbit
        bind :5672
        mode tcp
        balance source
        server rabbit 192.168.99.106:5672 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen rabbit_web
        bind :15672
        mode http
        server rabbit_web 192.168.99.106:15672 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5

listen keystone
        bind :5000
        mode tcp
        server keystone 192.168.99.101:5000 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
        server keystone 192.168.99.103:5000 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen glance
        bind :9292
        mode tcp
        server glance 192.168.99.101:9292 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
        server glance 192.168.99.103:9292 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen placement
        bind :8778
        mode tcp
        server placement 192.168.99.101:8778 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
        server placement 192.168.99.103:8778 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5

listen neutron
        bind :9696
        mode tcp
        server neutron 192.168.99.101:9696 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
        server neutron 192.168.99.103:9696 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen nova
        bind :8774
        mode tcp
        server nova 192.168.99.101:8774 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
        server nova 192.168.99.103:8774 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
listen VNC
        bind :6080
        mode tcp
        server VNC 192.168.99.101:6080 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5
        server VNC 192.168.99.103:6080 inter 2000 fall 3 rise 5

14.4. 控制端的高可用

要实现高可以用，要再准备一台物理机，设置主机名为controller2，
IP：192.168.99.113
从controller1准备这些文件

$ ls
admin.keystone*  glance.tar                        keystone.tar  placement.tar
dashboard.tar    http_conf_d.tar                   neutron.tar   yum/
demo.keystone*   install_controller_openstack.sh*  nova.tar

最终如图,yum源是centos安装时自带，如果你删除了也要从其它主机拷贝过来

准备的过程(在原有的controller上)

#准备httpd
cd /etc/httpd/conf.d
tar cf /root/http_conf_d.tar *

#准备keystone
cd /etc/keystone
tar cf /root/keystone.tar *

#准备glance
cd /etc/glance
tar cf /root/glance.tar *

#准备placement
cd /etc/placement
tar cf /root/placement.tar *

#准备nova
cd /etc/nova
tar cf /root/nova.tar *

#准备neutron
cd /etc/neutron
tar cf /root/neutron.tar *

#准备dashboard
cd /etc/openstack-dashboard
tar cf /root/dashboard.tar *

admin.keystone

#!/bin/bash
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=123
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

demo.keystone

#!/bin/bash
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo
export OS_USERNAME=demo
export OS_PASSWORD=123
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://openstackvip.com:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

脚本内容，要先设置好主机名，主机名不能包含_下划线

#!/bin/bash
gecho() {
    echo -e "\e[1;32m${1}\e[0m" && sleep 1
}
recho() {
    echo -e "\e[1;31m${1}\e[0m" && sleep 1
}

gecho "配置yum源..."
PWD=`dirname $0`
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/
mv $PWD/yum/* /etc/yum.repos.d/
yum -y install centos-release-openstack-stein

gecho "安装openstack客户端、openstack SELinux管理包..."
yum -y install python-openstackclient openstack-selinux
yum -y install python2-PyMySQL mariadb
yum -y install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi python-memcached

tar xf http_conf_d.tar -C /etc/httpd/conf.d

echo "192.168.99.211 openstackvip.com" >> /etc/hosts
echo "192.168.99.211 controller" >> /etc/hosts

gecho "安装keystone..."
tar xf $PWD/keystone.tar -C /etc/keystone

systemctl enable httpd.service
systemctl start httpd.service

gecho "安装glance..."
yum -y install openstack-glance

tar xf $PWD/glance.tar -C /etc/glance
systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service
systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service

gecho "安装placement..."
yum -y install openstack-placement-api

tar xf $PWD/placement.tar -C /etc/placement


gecho "安装nova。。。"
yum -y install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor   openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy  openstack-nova-scheduler openstack-nova-placement-api

tar xf $PWD/nova.tar -C /etc/nova

systemctl restart httpd

systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service   \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service   \
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service  \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

cat > /root/nova-restart.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service   openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service   openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
EOF
chmod  a+x /root/nova-restart.sh

gecho "安装neutron。。。"
yum -y install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 \
  openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables

tar xf $PWD/neutron.tar -C /etc/neutron

echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
systemctl enable neutron-server.service \
  neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service \
  neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
  neutron-metadata-agent.service

systemctl restart neutron-server.service \
  neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service \
  neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
  neutron-metadata-agent.service

gecho "安装dashboard..."
yum -y install openstack-dashboard
tar xf $PWD/dashboard.tar -C /etc/openstack-dashboard
systemctl restart httpd.service 

recho "5秒后重启系统..."
for i in `seq 5 -1 1` ; do
  tput sc
  echo -n $i
  sleep 1
  tput rc
  tput ed
done

reboot

把之前所有的/etc/hosts改成

192.168.99.211 openstackvip.com
192.168.99.211 controller

14.5. 快速添加node节点

新的物理机，安装好centos7.6，配置好IP地址与主机名。
准备这些包

准备

#准备neutron，在你原来的node节点上
cd /etc/neutron
tar cf /root/neutron-compute.tar *

#准备nova,在你原来的node节点上
cd /etc/nova
tar cf /root/nova-compute.tar *

文件limits.conf

# /etc/security/limits.conf
#
#This file sets the resource limits for the users logged in via PAM.
#It does not affect resource limits of the system services.
#
#Also note that configuration files in /etc/security/limits.d directory,
#which are read in alphabetical order, override the settings in this
#file in case the domain is the same or more specific.
#That means for example that setting a limit for wildcard domain here
#can be overriden with a wildcard setting in a config file in the
#subdirectory, but a user specific setting here can be overriden only
#with a user specific setting in the subdirectory.
#
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#
#<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>
#
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
#        - a user name
#        - a group name, with @group syntax
#        - the wildcard *, for default entry
#        - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,
#                 for maxlogin limit
#
#<type> can have the two values:
#        - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits
#        - "hard" for enforcing hard limits
#
#<item> can be one of the following:
#        - core - limits the core file size (KB)
#        - data - max data size (KB)
#        - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)
#        - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)
#        - nofile - max number of open file descriptors
#        - rss - max resident set size (KB)
#        - stack - max stack size (KB)
#        - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)
#        - nproc - max number of processes
#        - as - address space limit (KB)
#        - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user
#        - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
#        - priority - the priority to run user process with
#        - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
#        - sigpending - max number of pending signals
#        - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
#        - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19]
#        - rtprio - max realtime priority
#
#<domain>      <type>  <item>         <value>
#

#*               soft    core            0
#*               hard    rss             10000
#@student        hard    nproc           20
#@faculty        soft    nproc           20
#@faculty        hard    nproc           50
#ftp             hard    nproc           0
#@student        -       maxlogins       4

# End of file

*                soft    core               unlimited
*                hard    core             unlimited
*                soft    nproc            1000000
*                hard    nproc          1000000
*                soft    nofile            1000000
*                hard    nofile          1000000
*                soft    memlock      32000
*                hard    memlock    32000
*                soft    msgqueue    8192000
*                hard    msgqueue  8192000

文件profile

# /etc/profile

# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc

# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.

pathmunge () {
    case ":${PATH}:" in
        *:"$1":*)
            ;;
        *)
            if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
                PATH=$PATH:$1
            else
                PATH=$1:$PATH
            fi
    esac
}


if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
    if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
        # ksh workaround
        EUID=`id -u`
        UID=`id -ru`
    fi
    USER="`id -un`"
    LOGNAME=$USER
    MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi

# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
    pathmunge /usr/sbin
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
    pathmunge /usr/sbin after
fi

HOSTNAME=`/usr/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null`
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi

export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL

# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
    umask 002
else
    umask 022
fi

for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then 
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null
        fi
    fi
done

unset i
unset -f pathmunge

export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T `whoami` "

文件sysctl.conf

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

脚本openstack_node_script.sh

#!/bin/bash
gecho() {
    echo -e "\e[1;32m${1}\e[0m" && sleep 1
}
recho() {
    echo -e "\e[1;31m${1}\e[0m" && sleep 1
}

vip=192.168.99.211
controller_ip=192.168.99.211

gecho "配置yum源"
PWD=`dirname $0`
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/
mv $PWD/yum/* /etc/yum.repos.d/

gecho "安装包..."
yum -y install centos-release-openstack-stein
yum -y install python-openstackclient openstack-selinux
yum -y install openstack-nova-compute
yum -y install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset

cat $PWD/limits.conf > /etc/security/limits.conf
cat $PWD/profile > /etc/profile
cat $PWD/sysctl.conf > /etc/sysctl.conf

gecho "配置nova"
tar xvf $PWD/nova-compute.tar -C /etc/nova/
myip=`ifconfig eth0 | awk '/inet /{print $2}'`
sed -i "/my_ip =/s#.*#my_ip = ${myip}#" /etc/nova/nova.conf

gecho "配置neutron"
tar xf neutron-compute.tar -C /etc/neutron

echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p

echo "${vip} openstackvip.com" >> /etc/hosts
echo "${controller_ip} controller" >> /etc/hosts

vcpu=${egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo}
if [ vcpu -eq 0 ] ; then
cat >> /etc/nova/nova.conf <<EOF
[libvirt]
virt_type = qemu
EOF
fi

gecho "启动服务..."
systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
systemctl restart libvirtd.service || recho "libvirtd启动失败"
systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service || recho "openstack-nova-compute启动失败"
systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctl restart neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service


recho "5秒后重启系统..."
for i in `seq 5 -1 1` ; do
  tput sc
  echo -n $i
  sleep 1
  tput rc
  tput ed
done

重启
reboot