VirtualBox网络设置之仅主机(Host-Only)网络
本文主要是在linux中安装VirtualBox后,使用VBoxManage配置虚拟机网络。宿主机OS:fedora33VirtualBox版本:6.1
本文主要是在linux中安装VirtualBox后,使用VBoxManage配置虚拟机网络。
本文命令支行环境如下:
宿主机OS:fedora33
VirtualBox版本:6.1.22
虚拟机OS:CentOS7
虚拟机name:centos-7-20210521
好的,开始上命令:
对了,开始配置前先把虚拟机关闭:
VBoxManage controlvm centos-7-20210521 poweroff
新建宿主机hostonly网卡
[root@localhost ~]# VBoxManage hostonlyif create
在此未指定hostonly网卡的名,系统默认为“vboxnet0”
查看系统新建的hostonly网卡信息,命令:
[root@localhost ~]# VBoxManage list hostonlyifs
Name: vboxnet0
GUID: 786f6276-656e-4074-8000-0a0027000000
DHCP: Disabled
IPAddress: 192.168.56.254
NetworkMask: 255.255.255.0
IPV6Address: fe80::800:27ff:fe00:0
IPV6NetworkMaskPrefixLength: 64
HardwareAddress: 0a:00:27:00:00:00
MediumType: Ethernet
Wireless: No
Status: Up
VBoxNetworkName: HostInterfaceNetworking-vboxnet0
此时ifconfig还看不到,需要做如下操作后方可在宿主机中看到。
指定宿主机IP
[root@localhost ~]# VBoxManage hostonlyif ipconfig vboxnet0 --ip 192.168.56.254 --netmask 255.255.255.0
此时在宿主机中使用ifconfig可以看到“vboxnet0”的信息。
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eno1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.0.104 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::bacb:29ff:feaf:90e1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether b8:cb:29:af:90:e1 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 10342 bytes 1663982 (1.5 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1996 bytes 209859 (204.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device interrupt 17
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 25 bytes 2184 (2.1 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 25 bytes 2184 (2.1 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
vboxnet0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.56.254 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.56.255
inet6 fe80::800:27ff:fe00:0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 0a:00:27:00:00:00 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 44 bytes 4952 (4.8 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
设置hostonly网卡的DHCP:
[root@localhost ~]# VBoxManage dhcpserver add --ifname vboxnet0 --ip 192.168.56.254 --netmask 255.255.255.0 --lowerip 192.168.56.101 --upperip 192.168.56.105 --enable
上面命令中的lowerip和upperip分别是DHCP动态分配IP的最小IP和最大IP,请一定要设置的范围小一下,这样有助于你使用ping命令来查看虚拟机分配的具体 IP;
查看虚拟DHCP信息,命令如下:
[root@localhost ~]# VBoxManage list dhcpservers
NetworkName: HostInterfaceNetworking-vboxnet0
Dhcpd IP: 192.168.56.254
LowerIPAddress: 192.168.56.101
UpperIPAddress: 192.168.56.105
NetworkMask: 255.255.255.0
Enabled: Yes
Global Configuration:
minLeaseTime: default
defaultLeaseTime: default
maxLeaseTime: default
Forced options: None
Suppressed opts.: None
1/legacy: 255.255.255.0
Groups: None
Individual Configs: None
设置虚拟机中的网卡关联使用hostonly,我这里将第三张网卡设置成hostonly网络;
命令如下:
[root@localhost ~]# VBoxManage modifyvm centos-7-20210521 --nic3 hostonly --nictype3 82540EM --cableconnected3 on --hostonlyadapter3 vboxnet0
启动虚拟机:
[root@localhost ~]# VBoxManage startvm centos-7-20210521 --type headless
使用ping命令在指定的DHCP动态分配的IP中一个个试,当ping 192.168.56.102时,通了,于是确定虚拟机的IP是192.168.56.102。
进行SSH登录:
[root@localhost ~]# ssh root@192.168.56.102
按提示录入 yes及密码后,顺利登录到虚拟机啦,
至此可以在虚拟机上安装软件及你需要的操作啦。
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1、windows下使用VirtualBox的网络配置请参考《VirtualBox网络之仅主机(Host-Only)网络》
2、linux下配置可参照《Virtual Box下配置Host-Only联网方式详解》
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