今天在自己的虚拟机上安装apache-hive-3.1.1时启动hive时出现了很多错误，经过不断的资料查询及测试最终可以正常运行了，特记录下，加深自己的印象分享给大家，也以便以后出现同样的错误时可以查看笔记解决。

第一条错误：

MetaException(message:Error creating transactional connection factory)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:84)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.getProxy(RetryingHMSHandler.java:93)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:8661)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:8656)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.startMetaStore(HiveMetaStore.java:8926)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.main(HiveMetaStore.java:8843)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)
Caused by: MetaException(message:Error creating transactional connection factory)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.invokeInternal(RetryingHMSHandler.java:208)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.invoke(RetryingHMSHandler.java:108)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:80)
	... 11 more

原因：${HIVE_HOME}/lib目录下没有找到mysql-connector的jar包，因为我配置的源数据是MySQL数据库，然后把mysql-connector-java-5.1.27-bin.jar下载放到${HIVE_HOME}/lib目录下再次启动。发现报错如下：

MetaException(message:Hive Schema version 3.1.0 does not match metastore's schema version 1.2.0 Metastore is not upgraded or corrupt)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:84)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.getProxy(RetryingHMSHandler.java:93)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:8661)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:8656)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.startMetaStore(HiveMetaStore.java:8926)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.main(HiveMetaStore.java:8843)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)

原因：MySQL中的MetaStore数据库中存储的源数据版本和现在用的hive版本不匹配（我以前安装了apache-hive-1.2.1版本，然后配置文件拷贝以前的，忘记改hive-site.xml配置文件中javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL属性的值，此属性是指定MetaStore连接地址及数据库的，将其设置成MySQL的连接地址及指定数据库就OK）

如果你只有一个hive版本，可以有以下两种解决方案：
1.登陆mysql，修改hive metastore版本：

进行mysql：mysql -uroot -p 123456
use hive; -- 配置文件中javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL属性值指定的数据库名称
select * from version;
update VERSION set SCHEMA_VERSION='3.1.1' where  VER_ID=1;

2.简单粗暴：在hvie-site.xml中关闭版本验证

<property>
	<name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
	<value>false</value>
</property>

我按照上面将javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL的属性值改成另外一个数据库后启动MetaStore发现报错如下（MySQL数据库没有没有）：

MetaException(message:Version information not found in metastore.)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:84)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.getProxy(RetryingHMSHandler.java:93)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:8661)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:8656)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.startMetaStore(HiveMetaStore.java:8926)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.main(HiveMetaStore.java:8843)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)

解决方案：将下列两个属性设置为false

<property>
	<name>datanucleus.metadata.validate</name>
	<value>false</value>
</property>
<property>
	<name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
	<value>false</value>
</property>

接下来报错：

MetaException(message:Required table missing : "`DBS`" in Catalog "" Schema "". DataNucleus requires this table to perform its persistence operations. Either your MetaData is incorrect, or you need to enable "datanucleus.schema.autoCreateTables")
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:84)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.getProxy(RetryingHMSHandler.java:93)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:8661)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:8656)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.startMetaStore(HiveMetaStore.java:8926)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.main(HiveMetaStore.java:8843)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)

因为在此实验环境中，hive的元数据保存在远程的mysql中，所以该错误意思是：在远程的数据库中没有找到相应的数据对象。

解决办法：将下列属性设置为true

<property>
	<name>datanucleus.schema.autoCreateAll</name>
	<value>true</value>
</property>

这个属性的含义是：当元数据库中必要的数据对象不存在是，会自动创建。

最后提醒：在xml配置文件中，在标签之间不要有空格！！！因为读取xml文件时是按标签读取的。