vmware虚拟机设置yum源，国内阿里云镜像yum源

实验时需要开启好几台虚拟机（最小化安装），将镜像挂载直接配置yum源，不用将iso拷贝到虚拟机中，减少磁盘占用；检查是否虚拟机挂载镜像检查挂载目录是否挂载查看该目录下是否含有其他文件，如果没有创建目录cdrom，再次将/dev/sr0挂载到该目录下[root@localhost ~]# cd /media/[root@localhost media]# lscdrom在...

给自己一个愿望

11227人浏览 · 2018-08-29 22:15:14

给自己一个愿望 · 2018-08-29 22:15:14 发布

实验时需要开启好几台虚拟机（最小化安装），将镜像挂载直接配置yum源，不用将iso拷贝到虚拟机中，减少磁盘占用；

检查是否虚拟机挂载镜像

这里写图片描述
检查挂载目录是否挂载
查看该目录下是否含有其他文件，如果没有创建目录cdrom，再次将/dev/sr0挂载到该目录下

[root@localhost ~]# cd /media/
[root@localhost media]# ls
cdrom

[root@localhost ~]# mount -o loop  /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom

再次查看是否挂载成功：

[root@localhost media]# df
/dev/sr0         3654720 3654720         0 100% /media/cdrom
/dev/loop0       3654720 3654720         0 100% /mnt/cdrom

配置yum源：

[root@localhost media]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat yum.repo 
[rhel7.0]
name=redhat7.0
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
enable=1   ###1表示启用，0表示不启用
gpgkey=1   ###是否进行gpg校验，1表示检查，0表示不检查
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
###定义检查gpgkey的地址

查看是否配置完成：

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Cleaning repos: rhel7.0
Cleaning up everything
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
rhel7.0                                                | 4.1 kB     00:00     
(1/2): rhel7.0/group_gz                                  | 134 kB   00:00     
(2/2): rhel7.0/primary_db                                | 3.4 MB   00:00     
repo id                            repo name                            status
rhel7.0                            redhat7.0                            4,305
repolist: 4,305

设置国内阿里云Centos镜像

redhat 默认自带的 yum 源需要注册，才能更新。不花钱更新，需要替换掉redhat的yum源。

检查系统自带的yum包

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa | grep yum
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64
yum-utils-1.1.31-24.el7.noarch
yum-langpacks-0.4.2-3.el7.noarch
PackageKit-yum-0.8.9-11.el7.x86_64
yum-3.4.3-118.el7.noarch
yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-4.el7.noarch
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps    ###卸载系统自带的yum包，--nodeps不检查依赖关系
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa | grep yum
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -qa | grep python-urlgrabber
python-urlgrabber-3.10-4.el7.noarch
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -qa | grep python-urlgrabber | xargs rpm -e --nodeps[root@localhost yum]# rpm -qa | grep python-urlgrabber

阿里云镜像下载卸载软件

[root@localhost yum]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-158.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm

解决报错

rpm -ivh *.rpm时报错，rpm包的版本太低需要进行升级

[root@localhost yum]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-libs-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-build-libs-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# ls
rpm-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm-build-libs-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm-libs-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm-python-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -Uvh rpm-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm-libs-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm-python-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm-build-libs-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:rpm-libs-4.11.3-32.el7           ################################# [ 13%]
   2:rpm-4.11.3-32.el7                ################################# [ 25%]
   3:rpm-build-libs-4.11.3-32.el7     ################################# [ 38%]
   4:rpm-python-4.11.3-32.el7         ################################# [ 50%]
Cleaning up / removing...
   5:rpm-python-4.11.1-16.el7         ################################# [ 63%]
   6:rpm-build-libs-4.11.1-16.el7     ################################# [ 75%]
   7:rpm-libs-4.11.1-16.el7           ################################# [ 88%]
   8:rpm-4.11.1-16.el7                ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost yum]# rpm -qa | grep rpm 
rpm-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64
rpm-python-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64
rpm-libs-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64
python-deltarpm-3.6-3.el7.x86_64
rpm-build-libs-4.11.3-32.el7.x86_64

安装下载的阿里云yum包

[root@localhost yum]# rpm -ivh yum-3.4.3-158.el7.centos.noarch.rpm yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7 ################################# [ 25%]
   2:yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-4################################# [ 50%]
   3:yum-3.4.3-158.el7.centos         ################################# [ 75%]
   4:yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7          ################################# [100%]

配置yum源文件

###查看yum.repo.d目录下是否含有yum源配置文件，如果有备份源文件；
[root@localhost yum]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
###下载阿里云的centos镜像文件
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo
###修改yum源配置文件，将$releasever替换为7版本（这个看自己的服务器系统），enable的值修改为0;
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/$releasever/7/g' CentOS-Base.repo 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/enabled=1/enabled=0/g' CentOS-Base.repo

yum源

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-7 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-7 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

清除缓存和缓存元数据

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache

华为开发者空间

华为开发者空间，是为全球开发者打造的专属开发空间，汇聚了华为优质开发资源及工具，致力于让每一位开发者拥有一台云主机，基于华为根生态开发、创新。

更多推荐

一文解读GaussDB(DWS)监控运维诊断优化能力

华为开发者空间

GaussDB技术解读——GaussDB架构介绍（四）

华为开发者空间

华为云数据仓库专业级开发者认证重磅发布

华为开发者空间

所有评论(0)

查看更多评论

给自己一个愿望

@weixin_39249306

已为社区贡献3条内容