史上最详细：在VMware虚拟机里搭建DB2 purescale测试
说明DB2的purescale功能由于牵扯到多款产品，包括GPFS, RSCT，TSA，所以非常复杂，搭建的过程稍有不慎，就会遇到很多的报错。本文详细地介绍了如何在VMware虚拟机里搭建出一个Linux环境下的purescale集群，集群有两个节点node01,node02，每个节点上一个member,一个cf。测试过程中，输入的命令以蓝色表示，前面#表示用root用户执行，$表示实
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说明
DB2的purescale功能由于牵扯到多款产品，包括GPFS, RSCT，TSA，所以非常复杂，搭建的过程稍有不慎，就会遇到很多的报错。本文详细地介绍了如何在VMware虚拟机里搭建出一个Linux环境下的purescale集群，集群有两个节点node01,node02，每个节点上一个member,一个cf。测试过程中，输入的命令以蓝色表示，前面#表示用root用户执行，$表示实例用户执行。需要强调的地方用红色标出。
测试环境
windows 7FlashFXP
SecureCRT
DB2 10.5FP8
SUSE Linux 11.4
Vmware 10.0.1
测试步骤
1. 安装两个SUSE
Vmware里安装两个SUSE,安装的步骤是一样的，注意要点：
1.1 选择自定义安装
1.2 磁盘和内存大小
选择磁盘和内存大小的时候，磁盘建议至少40G，内存至少要2560M (我一开始的时候设置内存为2000M，最后启动CF的时候总是报错)
其他的都采用默认选项就好，注意检查默认网络采用的是否是NAT方式。
2. 修改主机名和hosts文件 （两台机器都要做）
2.1 查看IP地址：
安装完成之后，两台虚拟机会自动开启，登录之后，在桌面上空白处点击右键->Open in Terminal->输入命令 "ipconfig -a"：
查到IP地址之后，后面的大部分步骤都可以不用在虚拟机里做了，直接使用win7下的secureCRT或者PuTTY连接到虚拟机即可。
2.2 修改hostname
在/etc/rc.d/boot.localnet开头添加一行export HOSTNAME=node01
另一台机器主机名修改为node02，这个重启之后生效的，所以不必着急现在就看到效果。
2.3 修改 /etc/hosts文件如下：
其中192.168.187.148，192.168.187.149分别是两台机器的IP地址
# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost192.168.187.148 node01
192.168.187.149 node02
3. 安装必要的软件包（两台机器都要做）
安装软件包前，要先把“光盘”放入光驱，在虚拟机名子上右键->设置
# zypper install pam-32bit
# zypper install glibc-locale-32bit
# zypper install iscsitarget
还要设置一些环境变量和文件
# echo "export DB2USENONIB=TRUE" >> /etc/profile.local
# cp -v /usr/src/linux-3.0.101-63-obj/x86_64/default/include/generated/autoconf.h /lib/modules/3.0.101-63-default/build/include/linux
4. 添加磁盘 (两台机器都要做）
由于purescale是把数据放在共享存储的，所以我们需要一个共享磁盘，方案是在node01上添加一块磁盘，然后共享给node02
之后按默认选择就可以，大小我使用了40G。
node02上也要添加一块硬盘，但用不到，主要目地是使两边的盘符保持一致，所以大小设置为0.01G即可。
都添加完成之后，重启两个虚拟机。
5 iscsi实现磁盘共享
在上一步中，添加了磁盘，这一步的目的是让它变成共享磁盘，node01和node02都能访问。
5.1 共享之前，查看磁盘状态
共享之前，可以分别在两个节点上查看磁盘状态，每个节点上有两个磁盘，sda和sdb：
node01:~ # fdisk -lDisk /dev/sdb: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000a4042
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 2048 4208639 2103296 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda2 * 4208640 83886079 39838720 83 Linux
node02:~ # fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0007a70b
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 2048 4208639 2103296 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda2 * 4208640 83886079 39838720 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 10 MB, 10485760 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 10 cylinders, total 20480 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
5.2 只在node01上配置iSCSI Target
目地是把node01上新添加的那个磁盘/dev/sdb为作target，需要到虚拟机里配置：
5.3 在node01上配置iSCSI Initiator:
填写node01的IP地址
再次查看，发现多了一个磁盘/dev/sdc
node01:~ # fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdb: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000a4042
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 2048 4208639 2103296 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda2 * 4208640 83886079 39838720 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdc: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 40960 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
5.4 同样的办法，在node02上也配置iSCSI Initiator
输入IP那一步，仍然要写node01的IP地址，配置完成之后，fdisk -l的输出如下：
node02:~ # fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0007a70b
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 2048 4208639 2103296 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda2 * 4208640 83886079 39838720 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 10 MB, 10485760 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 10 cylinders, total 20480 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sdc: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 40960 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
node02:~ #
这一步完成之后，两台机器上都多了一个磁盘/dev/sdc，实际上他们共享的是node01上的/dev/sdb
6. 创建DB2用户和组(两台机器都要做)
# groupadd -g 999 db2iadm# groupadd -g 998 db2fadm
# groupadd -g 997 dasadm
# useradd -u 1004 -g db2iadm -m -d /home/db2inst1 db2inst1
# useradd -u 1003 -g db2fadm -m -d /home/db2fend db2fend
# useradd -u 1002 -g dasadm -m -d /home/dasusr dasusr
# passwd db2inst1
# passwd db2fend
# passwd dasusr
7. 配置ssh信任(两台机器都要做)
这里root用户和db2inst1用户都要配置，配置SSH信任的办法可以自行参考网络，或者http://blog.csdn.net/qingsong3333/article/details/73695895
在home目录下，如果不存在，就新建一个目录".ssh"，
root:
# cd $HOME
# mkdir .ssh
# ssh-keygen
# cd .ssh
# touch authorized_keys
# cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
# chmod 600 authorized_keys
# su - db2inst1
$ mkdir .ssh
$ ssh-keygen
$ cd .ssh
$ touch authorized_keys
$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
$ chmod 600 authorized_keys
然后分别将自己机器上的id_rsa.pub文本内容追加到对方机器里对应用户(root对root，db2inst1对db2inst1)上的authorized_keys文件里
两台机器上，都分别用root和db2inst1用户测试，如果以下命令都不需要输入密码，则成功：
# ssh node01 date
# ssh node02 date
# su - db2inst1
$ ssh node01 date
$ ssh node02 date
8. 安装DB2(两台机器都要做)
可以使用FlashFXP将安装包上传到虚拟机上：# tar -zxvf v10.5fp8_linuxx64_server_t.tar.gz
# ./server_t/db2_install
DBI1324W Support of the db2_install command is deprecated.
Default directory for installation of products - /opt/ibm/db2/V10.5
***********************************************************
Install into default directory (/opt/ibm/db2/V10.5) ? [yes/no]
yes
Specify one of the following keywords to install DB2 products.
SERVER
CONSV
EXP
CLIENT
RTCL
Enter "help" to redisplay product names.
Enter "quit" to exit.
***********************************************************
SERVER
***********************************************************
Do you want to install the DB2 pureScale Feature? [yes/no]
yes
DB2 installation is being initialized.
Total number of tasks to be performed: 53
Total estimated time for all tasks to be performed: 2183 second(s)
Task #1 start
Description: Checking license agreement acceptance
Estimated time 1 second(s)
Task #1 end
.
9. 配置GPFS（只在node01上做）
可以使用db2cluster命令来做，也可以仅使用GPFS的命令。（其实db2cluster命令就是调用的GPFS命令）9.1 创建GPFS cluster:
新建一个gpfs.nodes文件，内容如下# cat /tmp/gpfs.nodes
node01:quorum-manager
node02:quorum-manager
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmcrcluster -p node01 -s node02 -n /tmp/gpfs.nodes -r /usr/bin/ssh -R /usr/bin/scp
9.2 添加license:
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmchlicense server --accept -N node01,node02
9.3 修改配置参数：
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmchconfig maxFilesToCache=20000# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmchconfig usePersistentReserve=yes
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmchconfig verifyGpfsReady=yes
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmchconfig totalPingTimeout=75
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmlscluster
GPFS cluster information
========================
GPFS cluster name: node01
GPFS cluster id: 2620703579963216106
GPFS UID domain: node01
Remote shell command: /usr/bin/ssh
Remote file copy command: /usr/bin/scp
Repository type: CCR
Node Daemon node name IP address Admin node name Designation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
1 node01 192.168.187.148 node01 quorum-manager
2 node02 192.168.187.149 node02 quorum-manager9.4 启动GPFS daemons
启动GPFS 并查看状态，等一会之后，如果变成active说明没问题：
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmstartup -a# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmgetstate -a
9.5 创建GPFS文件系统
新建一个gpfs.disks文件，内容如下# cat /tmp/gpfs.disks
%nsd:
device=/dev/sdc
nsd=qsmiao
usage=dataAndMetadata
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmcrnsd -F /tmp/gpfs.disks -v yes
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmlsnsd
File system Disk name NSD servers
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(free disk) qsmiao (directly attached)
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmcrfs /gpfs20170623 gpfsdev qsmiao -B 1024K -m 1 -M 2 -r 1 -R 2
其中gpfs20170623是给目录起的名子，gpfsdev是给gpfs设备起的名子
# cat /etc/fstab
# /usr/lpp/mmfs/bin/mmmount all -a
Thu Jun 22 06:50:14 EDT 2017: mmmount: Mounting file systems ...
9.6 在node01和node02都可以看到创建的文件系统
node01:~ # dfFilesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 39213504 11834268 25387300 32% /
udev 1403056 132 1402924 1% /dev
tmpfs 1403056 808 1402248 1% /dev/shm
/dev/gpfsdev 41943040 478208 41464832 2% /gpfs20170623
node01:~ # echo "I'm writing to shared filesystem" > /gpfs20170623/hello.txt
node02:~ # df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 39213504 11834016 25387552 32% /
udev 1403056 132 1402924 1% /dev
tmpfs 1403056 804 1402252 1% /dev/shm
/dev/gpfsdev 41943040 41943040 0 100% /gpfs20170623
node02:~ # cat /gpfs20170623/hello.txt
I'm writing to shared filesystem
至此，我们可以看到，GPFS共享文件系统已经创建好，node01和node02可以对其并发访问
10. 创建实例（只在node01上做）
# /opt/ibm/db2/V10.5/instance/db2icrt -cf node01 -cfnet node01 -m node01 -mnet node01 -instance_shared_dir /gpfs20170623 -tbdev 192.168.187.2 -u db2fend db2inst1
上面的命令在node01上创建了一个member，一个CF。其中-tbdev 为网关地址即可, 请参考最后如何查看网关地址。
# su - db2inst1
$ db2set DB2_SD_ALLOW_SLOW_NETWORK=ON
$ db2licm -a db2aese_u.lic
$ db2start
06/23/2017 13:46:38 0 0 SQL1063N DB2START processing was successful.
SQL1063N DB2START processing was successful.
$ db2instance -list
ID TYPE STATE HOME_HOST CURRENT_HOST <..略..>
-- ---- ----- --------- ------------ <..略..>
0 MEMBER STARTED node01 node01 <..略..>
128 CF PRIMARY node01 node01 <..略..>
HOSTNAME STATE INSTANCE_STOPPED ALERT
-------- ----- ---------------- -----
node01 ACTIVE NO NO11. 添加另一个member（只在node01上做）
# /opt/ibm/db2/V10.5/instance/db2iupdt -d -add -m node02 -mnet node02 db2inst112. 添加另一个CF（只在node01上做）：
# su - db2inst1$ db2stop
06/23/2017 14:10:27 1 0 SQL1032N No start database manager command was issued.
06/23/2017 14:10:55 0 0 SQL1064N DB2STOP processing was successful.
SQL6033W Stop command processing was attempted on "2" node(s). "1" node(s) were successfully stopped. "1" node(s) were already stopped. "0" node(s) could not be stopped.
$ su - root
# /opt/ibm/db2/V10.5/instance/db2iupdt -d -add -cf node02 -cfnet node02 db2inst1
13. 启动实例（只在node01上做）：
# su - db2inst1$ db2start
06/23/2017 14:31:53 1 0 SQL1063N DB2START processing was successful.
06/23/2017 14:32:04 0 0 SQL1063N DB2START processing was successful.
SQL1063N DB2START processing was successful.
$ db2instance -list
ID TYPE STATE HOME_HOST CURRENT_HOST <..略..>
-- ---- ----- --------- ------------ <..略..>
0 MEMBER STARTED node01 node01 <..略..>
1 MEMBER STARTED node02 node02 <..略..>
128 CF PRIMARY node01 node01 <..略..>
129 CF PEER node02 node02 <..略..>
HOSTNAME STATE INSTANCE_STOPPED ALERT
-------- ----- ---------------- -----
node02 ACTIVE NO NO
node01 ACTIVE NO NO14. 创建数据库(只在node01上做）
$ db2 "create db sample"$ db2 "connect to sample"
$ db2 "create table t1(id int, address char(20))"
$ db2 "insert into t1 values(123, 'Beijing')"
15. 验证(只在node02上做）
# su - db2inst1$ db2 "connect to sample"
$ db2 "list applications global"
Auth Id Application Appl. Application Id DB # of
Name Handle Name Agents
-------- -------------- ---------- ----------------------------- -------- -----
DB2INST1 db2bp 75 *N0.db2inst1.170623184141 SAMPLE 1
DB2INST1 db2bp 65591 *N1.db2inst1.170623184447 SAMPLE 1 $ db2 "insert into t1 values(223,'NanJing')"
$ db2 "select * from t1"
ID ADDRESS
----------- --------------------
123 Beijing
223 NanJing
2 record(s) selected.
$ db2 "force applications all"
$ db2stop
答疑
1.) DPF环境下，实例目录是共享的。但Purescale实例目录不是共享的，我只见你在node01上创建了实例，为什么node02上也有自己的实例和实例目录?答：在添加node02节点上的member或者CF时，它会自动在node02上创建实例，也就是第10步。
2.） 如何查看网关？
答：查看网关，其中0.0.0.0开头的，即为默认网关，即192.168.187.2
# netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.187.2 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.187.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
3.)
为什么第11步的时候，db2stop说有一个节点SQL1032N，另一个节点SQL1064N？
答：新添加的member是没有启动的。
参考资料
http://www.db2china.net/Article/31549https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/data/library/techarticle/dm-1207maoq/
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