mapstruct 实体转换及List转换,@Mapper注解转换

开发中,我们经常需要将PO转DTO、DTO转PO等一些实体间的转换。比较出名的有BeanUtil 和ModelMapper等,它们使用简单,但是在稍显复杂的业务场景下力不从心。MapStruct这个插件可以用来处理domin实体类与model类的属性映射,可配置性强。只需要定义一个 Mapper 接口,MapStruct 就会自动实现这个映射接口,避免了复杂繁琐的映射实现。MapStruct官网地址:http://mapstruct.org/

本文类型简单包含四方面:

(1)属性名称不对应

(2)list集合转换

(3)字段类型不对应

(4)多个来源实体转换成一个参数实体

引入依赖

<dependency>
     <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
     <artifactId>mapstruct-jdk8</artifactId>
     <version>1.1.0.Final</version>
</dependency>

需求

我们假设有学生student 类 需要转换成 用户 user 类,将学生信息存入用户信息库

此时Student 类内容如下:

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;//setters, getters, toString()  方法此处省略不写,但是实际开发需要写的哦 
}

此时User 类内容如下

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;//setters, getters, toString() 方法此处省略不写,但是实际开发需要写的哦  }

 

普通转换model

此时 Student 和 User 的属性名字都相同那么转换接口就是

import org.mapstruct.Mapper;

@Mapper(componentModel = "spring")
public interface UserMapping {

    /**
     * Student 转化为 User
     * @param Student
     * @return
     */
     User studentToUser(Student student);
}

程序运行前要先编译 mvn clean compile , 从而mapstruct框架生成UserMappingImpl 实现类。

特殊转换model

(1)属性名称不对应,如果 User 和 Student 的属性名称不对应例如:

此时Student 类内容如下:

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private String sname;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;
    
      //setters, getters, toString()  方法此处省略不写,但是实际开发需要写的哦 
      }

 此时User 类内容如下:

public class User {
       private Integer id;
    private String uname;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;
    
   //setters, getters, toString()  方法此处省略不写,但是实际开发需要写的哦 

  }

那么转换接口为

import org.mapstruct.Mapper;
import org.mapstruct.Mapping;
import org.mapstruct.Mappings;

@Mapper(componentModel = "spring")
public interface UserMapping {

    /**
     * Student 转化为 User
     * @param Student
     * @return
     */
     @Mappings({
            @Mapping(target = "uname", source = "sname")
          // 多个属性不对应可以用 "," 隔开编写多个@Mapping
          // ,@Mapping(target = "uname", source = "sname")
    })
     User studentToUser(Student student);
}

(2) 转换集合list
当user 和 student 都是集合形式list 时应当如下转换
转化 List<> 集合时必须有 实体转化,因为在实现中,List 转换是 for循环调用 实体转化的。所以当属性名不对应时,应该在 实体转化进行 @Mappings 的属性名映射配置,然后list的转换也会继承这和属性的映射。

例如 属性名相同

import org.mapstruct.Mapper;

@Mapper(componentModel = "spring")
public interface UserMapping {

    /**
     * Student 转化为 User
     * @param Student
     * @return
     */
     User studentToUser(Student student);
     
     /**
     * Students 转化为 Users
     * @param Students
     * @return
     */
     List<User> studentsToUsers(List<Student> students);

属性名不同:

import org.mapstruct.Mapper;
import org.mapstruct.Mapping;
import org.mapstruct.Mappings;

@Mapper(componentModel = "spring")
public interface UserMapping {

    /**
     * Student 转化为 User
     * @param Student
     * @return
     */
     @Mappings({
            @Mapping(target = "uname", source = "sname")
          // 多个属性不对应可以用 "," 隔开编写多个@Mapping
          // ,@Mapping(target = "uname", source = "sname")
    })
     User studentToUser(Student student);
     
     
    /**
     * 此时 studentsToUsers 的实现为循环调用 studentToUser 并继承了 studentToUser 的属性映射
     * Students 转化为 Users
     * @param Students
     * @return
     */
     List<User> studentsToUsers(List<Student> students);
}

展示 自动生成的 UserMappingImpl 实现(此类为 执行 mvn clean compile 后自动生成)

@Component

public class UserMappingImpl implements UserMapping {

    @Override

    public User studentToUser(student student) {

        if ( student == null ) {

            return null;
        }

        User user = new User();

        User.setId(student.getId() );
        User.setName(student.getName() );
        // 如果配置了属性映射则为
        //User.setUname(student.getSname() );
        
        User.setSex(student.getSex() );
        User.setAge(student.getAge() );
        return user;
    }

    @Override

    public List<User> studentsToUsers(List<student> students) {

        if ( students == null ) {

            return null;
        }

        List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();

        for ( student student : students ) {

            list.add( studentToUser( student ) );
        }

        return list;
    }
}

(3)字段类型不对应

  字符串转时间,或者时间转字符串,都是用后面的dateFormat值为时间格式

    @Mappings({
            @Mapping(target = "createTime", source = "createTimeStr", dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd~hh:mm:ss") 
            // 多个属性不对应可以用 "," 隔开编写多个@Mapping
    }) 
    User studentToUser(Student student);

字段类型不对应,比如说user 类的sex字段类型改为boolean
此时User 类内容如下:

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String uname;
    private Integer age;
    private boolean sex;
    
   //setters, getters, toString()  方法此处省略不写,但是实际开发需要写的哦 

  }

Mappings中qualifiedByName属性可以取由@Named声明的名称

import org.mapstruct.Mapper;
import org.mapstruct.Mapping;
import org.mapstruct.Mappings;

@Mapper(componentModel = "spring")
public interface UserMapping {

    /**
     * Student 转化为 User
     * @param Student
     * @return
     */
     @Mappings({
            @Mapping(target = "uname", source = "sname",qualifiedByName= "booleanToString")
// 多个属性不对应可以用 "," 隔开编写多个@Mapping // ,
     @Mapping(target = "uname", source = "sname") }) 
    User studentToUser(Student student); 

    @Named("booleanToString")
    default String booleanToString(boolean value){  
      if(value){ 
          return "男"; 
       }   
         return "女"; 
    }
}

 有的时候有一个额外的转换方法多个mapping类文件都要用到,所以肯定有写一个工具类,mapping引用外部的方法

public class Utils{
    @Named("booleanToString")
    default String booleanToString(boolean value){ 
       if(value){ 
          return "男"; 
       } 
       return "女"; 
    }
}
@Mapper(componentModel = "spring",uses=Utils.class)
public interface UserMapping {

    /**
     * Student 转化为 User
     * @param Student
     * @return
     */
     @Mappings({
            @Mapping(target = "uname", source = "sname",qualifiedByName = "booleanToString")
    }) 
  User studentToUser(Student student); 
}

也可以直接使用expression

@Mappings({
            @Mapping(target = "uname",expression = "java(booleanToString(student.getSname()))")
// 多个属性不对应可以用 "," 隔开编写多个@Mapping // ,@Mapping(target = "uname", source = "sname") 
}) 

(4) 多个来源实体转换成一个参数实体

@Mappings({
    @Mapping(target = "chartName", source = "chart.name"), 
    @Mapping(target = "title", source = "song.title"), 
    @Mapping(target = "artistName", source = "song.artist.name"), 
    @Mapping(target = "recordedAt", source = "song.artist.label.studio.name"), 
    @Mapping(target = "city", source = "song.artist.label.studio.city"), 
    @Mapping(target = "position", source = "position") })
    ChartEntry map(Chart chart, Song song, Integer position);

(5)有一些参数不是来自传入参数,而是默认是一些外部的枚举类或者常量类数据,

  就可以在mapper中声明要导入的外部枚举类或者常量类,

@Mapper(componentModel = "spring",
        unmappedTargetPolicy = ReportingPolicy.IGNORE,
        imports = {StringUtils.class,
                UserConsts.class,
                UserStatusEnum.class
})
@Mapping(target = "key",expression = "java( UserConsts.FULL_GIFT)"),
@Mapping(target = "status",expression = "java(UserStatusEnum.VALID_STATUS_NO.getCode())"),

 

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