1.1 安装vue-cli脚手架

PS D:\code\vue-demo> npm install -g @vue/cli
......
removed 1 package, and changed 898 packages in 49s
PS D:\code\vue-demo>

查看vue版本

PS D:\code\vue-demo> vue --version
@vue/cli 5.0.6
PS D:\code\vue-demo>

如果没有vue命令，使用Everything搜索vue.cmd，并配置环境变量即可.

1.2 使用CLI创建vue工程

执行以下命令：工程名为vue-20220625

PS D:\code\vue-demo> vue create vue-20220625
PS D:\code\vue-demo>

1.3 引入ant design vue组件

ant design vue 官网地址：https://www.antdv.com/docs/vue/introduce-cn

使用vscode打开工程，执行命令

PS D:\code\vue-demo\vue-20220625> npm install ant-design-vue --save

added 21 packages in 13s

至此vue从创建到引入ant design vue组件完成，接下来配置按需加载组件。

全量加载组件实际开发中不建议使用。

1.4 Ant Design Vue组件按需加载

参考官方说明，按需加载推荐使用babel-plugin-import插件。

babel配置文件.babelrc或者babel.config.js文件，安装插件&添加如下内容

安装插件：

npm install babel-plugin-import --save-dev

配置文件内容：

module.exports = {
  presets: [
    '@vue/cli-plugin-babel/preset'
  ],
  "plugins": [
     // style必须使用css
    ["import", { "libraryName": "ant-design-vue", "libraryDirectory": "es", "style": "css" }] // `style: true` 会加载 less 文件
  ]
}

1.5 修改App.vue内容，使用AntD组件

<template>
  <a-layout>
    <a-layout-header class="header">
      <div class="logo" />
      <a-menu v-model:selectedKeys="selectedKeys1" theme="dark" mode="horizontal" :style="{ lineHeight: '64px' }">
        <a-menu-item key="1">nav 1</a-menu-item>
        <a-menu-item key="2">nav 2</a-menu-item>
        <a-menu-item key="3">nav 3</a-menu-item>
      </a-menu>
    </a-layout-header>
    <a-layout-content style="padding: 0 50px">
      <a-breadcrumb style="margin: 16px 0">
        <a-breadcrumb-item>Home</a-breadcrumb-item>
        <a-breadcrumb-item>List</a-breadcrumb-item>
        <a-breadcrumb-item>App</a-breadcrumb-item>
      </a-breadcrumb>
      <a-layout style="padding: 24px 0; background: #fff">
        <a-layout-sider width="200" style="background: #fff">
          <a-menu v-model:selectedKeys="selectedKeys2" v-model:openKeys="openKeys" mode="inline" style="height: 100%">
            <a-sub-menu key="sub1">
              <template #title>
                <span>
                  <user-outlined />
                  subnav 1
                </span>
              </template>
              <a-menu-item key="1">option1</a-menu-item>
              <a-menu-item key="2">option2</a-menu-item>
              <a-menu-item key="3">option3</a-menu-item>
              <a-menu-item key="4">option4</a-menu-item>
            </a-sub-menu>
            <a-sub-menu key="sub2">
              <template #title>
                <span>
                  <laptop-outlined />
                  subnav 2
                </span>
              </template>
              <a-menu-item key="5">option5</a-menu-item>
              <a-menu-item key="6">option6</a-menu-item>
              <a-menu-item key="7">option7</a-menu-item>
              <a-menu-item key="8">option8</a-menu-item>
            </a-sub-menu>
            <a-sub-menu key="sub3">
              <template #title>
                <span>
                  <notification-outlined />
                  subnav 3
                </span>
              </template>
              <a-menu-item key="9">option9</a-menu-item>
              <a-menu-item key="10">option10</a-menu-item>
              <a-menu-item key="11">option11</a-menu-item>
              <a-menu-item key="12">option12</a-menu-item>
            </a-sub-menu>
          </a-menu>
        </a-layout-sider>
        <a-layout-content :style="{ padding: '0 24px', minHeight: '280px' }">
          Content
        </a-layout-content>
      </a-layout>
    </a-layout-content>
    <a-layout-footer style="text-align: center">
      Ant Design ©2018 Created by Ant UED
    </a-layout-footer>
  </a-layout>
</template>
<script>
import { UserOutlined, LaptopOutlined, NotificationOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons-vue';
import { defineComponent, ref } from 'vue';
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'App',
  components: {
    UserOutlined,
    LaptopOutlined,
    NotificationOutlined,
  },

  setup() {
    return {
      selectedKeys1: ref(['2']),
      selectedKeys2: ref(['1']),
      openKeys: ref(['sub1']),
    };
  },

});
</script>
<style>
#components-layout-demo-top-side .logo {
  float: left;
  width: 120px;
  height: 31px;
  margin: 16px 24px 16px 0;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

.ant-row-rtl #components-layout-demo-top-side .logo {
  float: right;
  margin: 16px 0 16px 24px;
}

.site-layout-background {
  background: #fff;
}
</style>

1.6 启动vue工程

npm run serve

启动成功界面

分析问题：组件无法解析，说明组件未被引入。有人会说这可能是css样式未加载。因为ant design vue中需要使用less-loader 加载器，将less 转换为 css属性。在这里解释以下，其实vue CLI 脚手架中已经集成了less-loader等loader加载器，不需要在去安装依赖。

解决办法，按需引入组件, 按需引入组件时，css也会被引入。

<script>
import { UserOutlined, LaptopOutlined, NotificationOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons-vue';
import { Layout, Menu, Breadcrumb } from 'ant-design-vue';
import { defineComponent, ref } from 'vue';
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'App',
  components: {
    ALayout: Layout,
    ALayoutHeader: Layout.Header,
    ALayoutSider: Layout.Sider,
    ALayoutContent: Layout.Content,
    ALayoutFooter: Layout.Footer,
    AMenu: Menu,
    AMenuItem: Menu.Item,
    ASubMenu: Menu.SubMenu,
    ABreadcrumb: Breadcrumb,
    ABreadcrumbItem: Breadcrumb.Item,
    UserOutlined,
    LaptopOutlined,
    NotificationOutlined,
  },

  setup() {
    return {
      selectedKeys1: ref(['2']),
      selectedKeys2: ref(['1']),
      openKeys: ref(['sub1']),
    };
  },

});
</script>

刷新web画面，内容显示正常。