• 下载 Spy++：文末公众号回复 210127 获取压缩包

1、spy++的基本操作

1.1 窗口属性查找

拖住中间的“寻找工具”放到想要定位的软件上，然后松开

• 以微信为例，我们会得到“微信”这个窗口的句柄，为“00031510”，注意这个句柄是“十六进制”，即“0x31510”。
  
• 点击ok我们会看到更详细的属性信息
  

1.2 窗口spy++定位

• 同理拖放到“微信”上，获取到“微信”的界面
  
• 点击ok，会直接定位到“微信”
  
• 在这里我们会看到一条信息
• 00031510 “微信” WeChatMainWndForPC
  – 00031510：代表十六进制的窗口句柄
  – 微信：代表窗口标题
  – WeChatMainWndForPC：代表窗口的类名

---

2、python与spy++

Source Code

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time   : 2021/1/27 10:50
# @Author : SandQuant

import collections
from win32 import win32gui
import pyautogui
import sys


class PySpy(object):
    Window = collections.namedtuple('Window', ['caption', 'class_name', 'hwnd_py', 'hwnd_spy'])

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    @classmethod
    def window_attr(cls, hwnd_py):
        """
        显示窗口的属性
        :param hwnd_py: 窗口句柄（十进制）
        :return: Window
        """
        return cls.Window(
            caption=win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd_py),
            class_name=win32gui.GetClassName(hwnd_py),
            hwnd_py=hwnd_py,
            hwnd_spy=hex(hwnd_py),
        )

    @classmethod
    def show_top_windows(cls):
        """
        列出所有的顶级窗口及属性
        :return: 全部的顶层窗口及对应属性
        """
        containers = []
        win32gui.EnumWindows(lambda hwnd, param: param.append(cls.window_attr(hwnd)), containers)
        return containers

    @classmethod
    def find_top_window(cls, caption) -> list:
        """
        查找窗体
        :param caption: 窗口标题部分文字
        :return:
        """
        return [w for w in cls.show_top_windows() if caption in w.caption]

    @classmethod
    def find_sub_windows(cls, hwnd_py=None, class_name=None, caption=None, index=None):
        """
        返回窗体下全部的子窗体，默认主窗体下的窗体
        :param hwnd_py: 句柄 十进制
        :param class_name: 窗口类名，返回特定类名
        :param caption: 窗口标题，返回特定标题
        :param index: 位置，返回特定位置的窗口
        :return: 包含属性的全部子窗口
        """
        num = 0
        handle = 0
        sub_windows = []
        while True:
            # find next handle, return HwndPy
            handle = win32gui.FindWindowEx(hwnd_py, handle, class_name, caption)
            if handle == 0:
                # no more handle
                break
            # get handle attribution
            attr = cls.window_attr(handle)
            # append to list
            sub_windows.append(tuple(list(attr) + [num]))
            num += 1
        if index is not None:
            return sub_windows[index]
        else:
            return sub_windows

    @classmethod
    def show_all_windows(cls, window=None, handle_list=None, handle_dict=None):
        """
        生成窗口全部对应的关系
        :param window: 目标父窗口
        :param handle_list: 默认为[[None]]
        :param handle_dict: 用于存放对应关系
        :return: 返回目标窗口下全部子父窗口的字典
        """
        if not handle_list and not handle_dict:
            handle_list = [[None]]
            handle_dict = dict()
        sys.setrecursionlimit(1000000)
        if window:
            handle_list[-1][0] = window
            handles = cls.find_sub_windows(handle_list[-1][0][2])
        else:
            handles = cls.find_sub_windows()
        for handle in handles:
            handle_dict[handle] = window
        # 这个根节点已经遍历完，删除
        del handle_list[-1][0]
        # 如果有叶节点，非空，则加入新的叶节点
        if handles:
            handle_list.append(handles)
        # 删除已被清空的根
        handle_list = [HandleGroup for HandleGroup in handle_list if HandleGroup]
        # 如果还有根就继续遍历，否则输出树
        if handle_list:
            return cls.show_all_windows(window=handle_list[-1][0], handle_list=handle_list, handle_dict=handle_dict)
        else:
            return handle_dict

    @classmethod
    def find_handle_path(cls, hwnd_spy, num):
        """
        寻找特定窗口的寻找路径
        找到全部层级的对应关系，然后反向搜索
        :param hwnd_spy: 窗口句柄（十六进制）
        :param num: 窗口所属index，在spy++内查看
        :return:
        parent_window：顶层窗口
        target_path：路径的index
        """
        all_path = cls.show_all_windows()
        key = tuple(list(cls.window_attr(int(hwnd_spy))) + [num])
        handle_path = [key]
        while True:
            key = all_path[key]
            if not key:
                handle_path = handle_path[::-1]
                parent_window = handle_path[0]
                target_path = [(i[-1]) for i in handle_path[1:]]
                return parent_window, target_path
            handle_path.append(key)

    @classmethod
    def find_target_handle(cls, window, path):
        """
        递归寻找子窗口的句柄
        :param window: 祖父窗口的完整句柄 (WindowName, ClassName, HwndPy, HwndSpy)
        :param path: 子窗口列表
        :return: 目标窗口的完整属性
        """
        for i in range(len(path)):
            window = cls.find_sub_windows(window[2], index=path[i])
        return window

---

Use

1、获取窗体属性

# 获取句柄1902690的属性
window = PySpy.window_attr(hwnd_py=1902690)
print(window)

Window(caption='百度云', class_name='ATL:011386F8', hwnd_py=1902690, hwnd_spy='0x1d0862')

2、获取全部顶层窗体

# 获取全部顶层窗体
windows = PySpy.show_top_windows()[:5]
for w in windows:
    print(w)

Window(caption='', class_name='ForegroundStaging', hwnd_py=66032, hwnd_spy='0x101f0')
Window(caption='', class_name='ForegroundStaging', hwnd_py=65982, hwnd_spy='0x101be')
Window(caption='', class_name='tooltips_class32', hwnd_py=65836, hwnd_spy='0x1012c')
Window(caption='', class_name='tooltips_class32', hwnd_py=65844, hwnd_spy='0x10134')
Window(caption='', class_name='tooltips_class32', hwnd_py=65856, hwnd_spy='0x10140')

3、查找指定的顶层窗体

# 查找顶层窗体
result = PySpy.find_top_window(caption='spy++')
print(result)

[Window(caption='spy++', class_name='CabinetWClass', hwnd_py=9571640, hwnd_spy='0x920d38')]

4、查找特定父窗体下全部子窗体

# 查找特定句柄下全部子窗体
window = PySpy.find_sub_windows(hwnd_py=9571640)
for w in windows:
    print(w)

Window(caption='', class_name='ForegroundStaging', hwnd_py=66032, hwnd_spy='0x101f0')
Window(caption='', class_name='ForegroundStaging', hwnd_py=65982, hwnd_spy='0x101be')
Window(caption='', class_name='tooltips_class32', hwnd_py=65836, hwnd_spy='0x1012c')
Window(caption='', class_name='tooltips_class32', hwnd_py=65844, hwnd_spy='0x10134')
Window(caption='', class_name='tooltips_class32', hwnd_py=65856, hwnd_spy='0x10140')

5、获取全部窗体父子对应关系

# 生成窗口全部对应的关系
windows = PySpy.show_all_windows(window=('spy++', 'CabinetWClass', 9571640, '0x920d38'))
for w in windows.items():
    print(w)

(('UIRibbonDockLeft', 'UIRibbonCommandBarDock', 1838390, '0x1c0d36', 0), ('spy++', 'CabinetWClass', 9571640, '0x920d38'))
(('UIRibbonDockRight', 'UIRibbonCommandBarDock', 1773536, '0x1b0fe0', 1), ('spy++', 'CabinetWClass', 9571640, '0x920d38'))
(('UIRibbonDockTop', 'UIRibbonCommandBarDock', 2756588, '0x2a0fec', 2), ('spy++', 'CabinetWClass', 9571640, '0x920d38'))
...
(('', 'ScrollBar', 52956100, '0x3280bc4', 0), ('', 'CtrlNotifySink', 3607746, '0x370cc2', 1))
(('', 'ReBarWindow32', 11603876, '0xb10fa4', 0), ('', 'WorkerW', 2755884, '0x2a0d2c', 1))
(('', 'ToolbarWindow32', 2427436, '0x250a2c', 0), ('', 'ReBarWindow32', 11603876, '0xb10fa4', 0))

6、获取特定窗体的查找路径

# 寻找特定窗口的寻找路径
parent, pth = PySpy.find_handle_path(hwnd_spy=0xb10fa4, num=0)
print(parent, pth)

('spy++', 'CabinetWClass', 9571640, '0x920d38', 232) [5, 1, 0]

7、根据查找路径获取到句柄信息（6的逆过程）

# 根据顶层窗体和路径 寻找子窗口的句柄
window = PySpy.find_target_handle(window=parent, path=pth)
print(window)

('', 'ReBarWindow32', 11603876, '0xb10fa4', 0)

8、根据窗体句柄，找到窗体位置

# 根据句柄定位窗体
x, y, m, n = win32gui.GetWindowRect(9571640)
pyautogui.moveTo((x + m) / 2, (y + n) / 2)

---

欢迎关注~ SandQuant 专注于全球金融数据和量化投资策略