前言

我正在进行代理ip的测试，但报了这么个错误：AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'get'

过程简述

从“芝麻代理”获取代理ip，用这些代理ip访问百度，如果返回状态码200，就算成功

错误重现

import requests

# 测试地址，看看代理ip能不能正常访问百度
url = 'https://www.baidu.com/'
# 从芝麻代理获取的ip，有效期一天
ipProxy_url = 'http://webapi.http.zhimacangku.com/getip?num=5&type=1&pro=&city=0&yys=0&port=1&pack=218256&ts=0&ys=0&cs=0&lb=4&sb=0&pb=4&mr=1&regions='

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36 Edg/99.0.1150.36'
}


def get_ipProxy(url, headers):
    """获取代理ip"""
    response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
    text = response.text
    ipProxys = text.split('\n')[0:-1]
    print(ipProxys)
    return ipProxys


def testProxyIp(url, headers, ipProxys):
    """测试代理ip地址是否可用"""
    for ip in ipProxys:
        print(f'正在测试代理ip：{ip}')
        response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, proxies=ip)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            print('该代理ip可用')
        else:
            print('该代理ip不可用')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    ipProxys = get_ipProxy(url=ipProxy_url, headers=headers)
    testProxyIp(url=url, headers=headers, ipProxys=ipProxys)

当我执行上面的代码后，报了这么个错误：AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'get'

发生错误的原因

经过多次排查，确定是代理有问题，但当时的我还不知道具体问题是什么，怀疑是传入的代理格式有问题

最终，通过查阅文档，发现了问题

传入的proxies的格式应该是字典类型，而我传入的是字符串

根据官方文档的指引，最终解决问题

解决方法

import requests

# 测试地址，看看代理ip能不能正常访问百度
url = 'https://www.baidu.com/'
# 从芝麻代理获取的ip，有效期一天
ipProxy_url = 'http://webapi.http.zhimacangku.com/getip?num=5&type=1&pro=&city=0&yys=0&port=1&pack=218256&ts=0&ys=0&cs=0&lb=4&sb=0&pb=4&mr=1&regions='

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.51 Safari/537.36 Edg/99.0.1150.36'
}


def get_ipProxy(url, headers):
    """获取代理ip"""
    response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
    text = response.text
    ipProxys = text.split('\n')[0:-1]
    print(ipProxys)
    return ipProxys


def testProxyIp(url, headers, ipProxys):
    """测试代理ip地址是否可用"""
    for ip in ipProxys:
        print(f'正在测试代理ip：{ip}')
        # 传入的代理ip应该是字典类型，否则会报错：AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'get'
        proxies = {
            'https://': f'{ip}',
            'http://': f'{ip}'
        }
        try:
            response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, proxies=proxies)
            if response.status_code == 200:
                print('该代理ip可用')
            else:
                print('该代理ip不可用')
        except Exception as e:
            print(f'出现异常情况：{e}')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    ipProxys = get_ipProxy(url=ipProxy_url, headers=headers)
    testProxyIp(url=url, headers=headers, ipProxys=ipProxys)

尾声

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