【ESP32】蓝牙模块开发入门

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一、实验材料

• ESP32
  
• uPyCraft
• 蓝牙调试器（直接在华为应用商城搜索下载即可）
• flash_download_tools（用于更新esp32固件）

二、实验步骤

1. 烧录esp32固件

• 去官网下载支持蓝牙的最新固件版本：https://micropython.org/download/#esp32
  
• 使用flash_download_tools进行固件烧录
  

2. esp32代码

main.py：

import ubluetooth as bt
from ble.tools import BLETools
from ble.const import BLEConst

__UART_UUID = bt.UUID("6E400001-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E")
__RX_UUID = bt.UUID("6E400002-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E")
__TX_UUID = bt.UUID("6E400003-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E")

__UART_SERVICE = (
	__UART_UUID,
	(
		(__TX_UUID, bt.FLAG_NOTIFY,),
		(__RX_UUID, bt.FLAG_WRITE,),
	),
)


class BLEUART:
	def __init__(self, ble, rx_callback=None, name="MSTIFIY", rxbuf=100):
		self.__ble = ble
		self.__rx_cb = rx_callback
		self.__conn_handle = None

		self.__write = self.__ble.gatts_write
		self.__read = self.__ble.gatts_read
		self.__notify = self.__ble.gatts_notify

		self.__ble.active(False)
		print("activating ble...")
		self.__ble.active(True)
		print("ble activated")

		self.__ble.config(rxbuf=rxbuf)
		self.__ble.irq(self.__irq)
		self.__register_services()

		self.__adv_payload = BLETools.advertising_generic_payload(
			services=(__UART_UUID,),
			appearance=BLEConst.Appearance.GENERIC_COMPUTER,
		)
		self.__resp_payload = BLETools.advertising_resp_payload(
			name=name
		)

		self.__advertise()

	def __register_services(self):
		(
			(
				self.__tx_handle,
				self.__rx_handle,
			),
		) = self.__ble.gatts_register_services((__UART_SERVICE,))

	def __advertise(self, interval_us=500000):
		self.__ble.gap_advertise(None)
		self.__ble.gap_advertise(interval_us, adv_data=self.__adv_payload, resp_data=self.__resp_payload)
		print("advertising...")

	def __irq(self, event, data):
		if event == BLEConst.IRQ.IRQ_CENTRAL_CONNECT:
			self.__conn_handle, addr_type, addr, = data
			print("[{}] connected, handle: {}".format(BLETools.decode_mac(addr), self.__conn_handle))

			self.__ble.gap_advertise(None)
		elif event == BLEConst.IRQ.IRQ_CENTRAL_DISCONNECT:
			self.__conn_handle, _, addr, = data
			print("[{}] disconnected, handle: {}".format(BLETools.decode_mac(addr), self.__conn_handle))

			self.__conn_handle = None
			self.__advertise()
		elif event == BLEConst.IRQ.IRQ_GATTS_WRITE:
			conn_handle, value_handle = data
      
			if conn_handle == self.__conn_handle and value_handle == self.__rx_handle:
				if self.__rx_cb:
					self.__rx_cb(self.__read(self.__rx_handle))

	def send(self, data):
		"""
		将数据写入本地缓存，并推送到中心设备
		"""
		self.__write(self.__tx_handle, data)

		if self.__conn_handle is not None:
			self.__notify(self.__conn_handle, self.__tx_handle, data)


def demo():

	def rx_callback(data):
		print("rx received: {}".format(data))
		uart.send("this is mstifiy")

	ble = bt.BLE()
	uart = BLEUART(ble, rx_callback)


demo()

• 配置好uPyCraft中的串口和开发板型号，然后点击连接--->运行--->
  

3. 蓝牙调试

• esp32程序运行后，蓝牙开始广播
  

• 打开手机端的蓝牙调试助手，搜索到名称为MSTIFIY的蓝牙设备并连接
  
  

• 手机发送数据
  
  
  

OK，这样手机和esp32之间的蓝牙通信就实现了~

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遇到的问题和总结

• 蓝牙调试助手连不上esp32的蓝牙

  检查一下名为MSTIFIY的蓝牙UUID设置是否正确
  
  正确的配置如上图所示

• 各种运行报出的奇奇怪怪的错误

  esp32断电重插，或者端口断开重连，程序停止重新运行都可以尝试。。。