YOLO系列 — YOLOV7算法(六):YOLO V7算法onnx模型部署

有很多人来问我,基于YOLO v7算法训练出来一个权重文件,如何进行部署。所以特地写一篇部署的blog~
一般,我们基于pytorch深度学习框架训练出来的权重文件是pt格式的,我们可以用python来直接调用这个文件。但是实际工业中,一般都是c++去调用权重文件的,所以我们需要将pt权重文件转换为能用c++去调用的格式。一般来说,我习惯用以下方式:

  • 使用libtorch进行转换,将pt转换为torchscript.pt格式的权重文件,然后直接用官方提供的libtorch来调用
  • 先将pt转换为onnx格式的权重,onnx是一种开放神经网络交换格式。然后用opencv里面的api去调用
  • 同样是先转换为onnx格式的,然后用onnx runtime去调用权重文件(本篇blog使用的方法)
  • 先将pt权重文件转换为tensort格式,然后用tensor去调用

ps:当然,还有很多很多支持c++调用深度学习权重文件的,这里我只是列举了我个人比较喜欢用的几种调用方式。

一、环境配置

本篇blog使用是用onnx runtime去调用onnx权重文件,然后基于visual studio来配置运行环境。我们先配置visual studio的环境,这里我们主要要配置两个外部库,一个是opencv(用于图片的读取和写入),另外一个就是onnx runtime(用于调用权重文件)。网上有很多关于该部分的讲解,我找了两个写的还不错的直接分享给大家吧:

  1. VisualStudio2019配置OpenCV4.1.0(opencv的版本可以随意选择,不过最好选择大于3.4.x以上的版本)
  2. VS2019 快速配置Onnxruntime环境

二、转换权重文件

YOLO V7项目下载路径:YOLO V7
这里值得注意,一定一定一定要下载最新的项目,我第一次下载YOLO v7的时候作者还没有解决模型export.py中的bug,导出的onnx模型没法被调用。我重新下载了最新的代码,才跑通。
简单说下export.py的几个需要修改的参数:

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('--weights', type=str, default='', help='weights path') #YOLO V7训练得到的pt权重文件
    parser.add_argument('--img-size', nargs='+', type=int, default=[640, 640], help='image size')  # 图片长宽,保持跟训练时候一致即可
    parser.add_argument('--batch-size', type=int, default=1, help='batch size') #默认为1
    parser.add_argument('--dynamic', action='store_true', help='dynamic ONNX axes')
    parser.add_argument('--grid', action='store_true', help='export Detect() layer grid') #这个参数一定要加上去,如果不加的话默认导出onnx模型是不带最后一层Detect层的,最后结果是没办法解析出来的
    parser.add_argument('--end2end', action='store_true', help='export end2end onnx')
    parser.add_argument('--max-wh', type=int, default=None, help='None for tensorrt nms, int value for onnx-runtime nms')
    parser.add_argument('--topk-all', type=int, default=100, help='topk objects for every images')
    parser.add_argument('--iou-thres', type=float, default=0.45, help='iou threshold for NMS') 
    parser.add_argument('--conf-thres', type=float, default=0.25, help='conf threshold for NMS')
    parser.add_argument('--device', default='cpu', help='cuda device, i.e. 0 or 0,1,2,3 or cpu')
    parser.add_argument('--simplify', action='store_true', default=True, help='simplify onnx model') #在导出onnx模型的时候,是否做模型剪枝操作,建议加上,如果不加,opencv去调用onnx模型可能会出错
    parser.add_argument('--include-nms', action='store_true', help='export end2end onnx')
    opt = parser.parse_args()

最后,导出onnx模型,发现权重文件大小较原先pt文件减少了一倍。

三、onnx runtime调用onnx模型

代码链接:onnx runtime调用onnx模型

#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
//#include <cuda_provider_factory.h>
#include <onnxruntime_cxx_api.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
using namespace Ort;

struct Net_config
{
	float confThreshold; // Confidence threshold
	float nmsThreshold;  // Non-maximum suppression threshold
	string modelpath;
};

typedef struct BoxInfo
{
	float x1;
	float y1;
	float x2;
	float y2;
	float score;
	int label;
} BoxInfo;

class YOLOV7
{
public:
	YOLOV7(Net_config config);
	void detect(Mat& frame);
private:
	int inpWidth;
	int inpHeight;
	int nout;
	int num_proposal;
	vector<string> class_names;
	int num_class;

	float confThreshold;
	float nmsThreshold;
	vector<float> input_image_;
	void normalize_(Mat img);
	void nms(vector<BoxInfo>& input_boxes);

	Env env = Env(ORT_LOGGING_LEVEL_ERROR, "YOLOV7");
	Ort::Session* ort_session = nullptr;
	SessionOptions sessionOptions = SessionOptions();
	vector<char*> input_names;
	vector<char*> output_names;
	vector<vector<int64_t>> input_node_dims; // >=1 outputs
	vector<vector<int64_t>> output_node_dims; // >=1 outputs
};

YOLOV7::YOLOV7(Net_config config)
{
	this->confThreshold = config.confThreshold;
	this->nmsThreshold = config.nmsThreshold;

	string classesFile = ""; #coco.names路径
	string model_path = config.modelpath;
	std::wstring widestr = std::wstring(model_path.begin(), model_path.end());
	//OrtStatus* status = OrtSessionOptionsAppendExecutionProvider_CUDA(sessionOptions, 0);
	sessionOptions.SetGraphOptimizationLevel(ORT_ENABLE_BASIC);
	ort_session = new Session(env, widestr.c_str(), sessionOptions);
	size_t numInputNodes = ort_session->GetInputCount();
	size_t numOutputNodes = ort_session->GetOutputCount();
	AllocatorWithDefaultOptions allocator;
	for (int i = 0; i < numInputNodes; i++)
	{
		input_names.push_back(ort_session->GetInputName(i, allocator));
		Ort::TypeInfo input_type_info = ort_session->GetInputTypeInfo(i);
		auto input_tensor_info = input_type_info.GetTensorTypeAndShapeInfo();
		auto input_dims = input_tensor_info.GetShape();
		input_node_dims.push_back(input_dims);
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < numOutputNodes; i++)
	{
		output_names.push_back(ort_session->GetOutputName(i, allocator));
		Ort::TypeInfo output_type_info = ort_session->GetOutputTypeInfo(i);
		auto output_tensor_info = output_type_info.GetTensorTypeAndShapeInfo();
		auto output_dims = output_tensor_info.GetShape();
		output_node_dims.push_back(output_dims);
	}
	this->inpHeight = input_node_dims[0][2];
	this->inpWidth = input_node_dims[0][3];
	this->nout = output_node_dims[0][2];
	this->num_proposal = output_node_dims[0][1];

	ifstream ifs(classesFile.c_str());
	string line;
	while (getline(ifs, line)) this->class_names.push_back(line);
	this->num_class = class_names.size();
}

void YOLOV7::normalize_(Mat img)
{
	//    img.convertTo(img, CV_32F);
	int row = img.rows;
	int col = img.cols;
	this->input_image_.resize(row * col * img.channels());
	for (int c = 0; c < 3; c++)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
		{
			for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
			{
				float pix = img.ptr<uchar>(i)[j * 3 + 2 - c];
				this->input_image_[c * row * col + i * col + j] = pix / 255.0;
			}
		}
	}
}

void YOLOV7::nms(vector<BoxInfo>& input_boxes)
{
	sort(input_boxes.begin(), input_boxes.end(), [](BoxInfo a, BoxInfo b) { return a.score > b.score; });
	vector<float> vArea(input_boxes.size());
	for (int i = 0; i < int(input_boxes.size()); ++i)
	{
		vArea[i] = (input_boxes.at(i).x2 - input_boxes.at(i).x1 + 1)
			* (input_boxes.at(i).y2 - input_boxes.at(i).y1 + 1);
	}

	vector<bool> isSuppressed(input_boxes.size(), false);
	for (int i = 0; i < int(input_boxes.size()); ++i)
	{
		if (isSuppressed[i]) { continue; }
		for (int j = i + 1; j < int(input_boxes.size()); ++j)
		{
			if (isSuppressed[j]) { continue; }
			float xx1 = (max)(input_boxes[i].x1, input_boxes[j].x1);
			float yy1 = (max)(input_boxes[i].y1, input_boxes[j].y1);
			float xx2 = (min)(input_boxes[i].x2, input_boxes[j].x2);
			float yy2 = (min)(input_boxes[i].y2, input_boxes[j].y2);

			float w = (max)(float(0), xx2 - xx1 + 1);
			float h = (max)(float(0), yy2 - yy1 + 1);
			float inter = w * h;
			float ovr = inter / (vArea[i] + vArea[j] - inter);

			if (ovr >= this->nmsThreshold)
			{
				isSuppressed[j] = true;
			}
		}
	}
	// return post_nms;
	int idx_t = 0;
	input_boxes.erase(remove_if(input_boxes.begin(), input_boxes.end(), [&idx_t, &isSuppressed](const BoxInfo& f) { return isSuppressed[idx_t++]; }), input_boxes.end());
}

void YOLOV7::detect(Mat& frame)
{
	Mat dstimg;
	resize(frame, dstimg, Size(this->inpWidth, this->inpHeight));
	this->normalize_(dstimg);
	array<int64_t, 4> input_shape_{ 1, 3, this->inpHeight, this->inpWidth };

	auto allocator_info = MemoryInfo::CreateCpu(OrtDeviceAllocator, OrtMemTypeCPU);
	Value input_tensor_ = Value::CreateTensor<float>(allocator_info, input_image_.data(), input_image_.size(), input_shape_.data(), input_shape_.size());

	// 开始推理
	vector<Value> ort_outputs = ort_session->Run(RunOptions{ nullptr }, &input_names[0], &input_tensor_, 1, output_names.data(), output_names.size());   
	/generate proposals
	vector<BoxInfo> generate_boxes;
	float ratioh = (float)frame.rows / this->inpHeight, ratiow = (float)frame.cols / this->inpWidth;
	int n = 0, k = 0; ///cx,cy,w,h,box_score, class_score
	const float* pdata = ort_outputs[0].GetTensorMutableData<float>();
	for (n = 0; n < this->num_proposal; n++)   
	{
		float box_score = pdata[4];
		if (box_score > this->confThreshold)
		{
			int max_ind = 0;
			float max_class_socre = 0;
			for (k = 0; k < num_class; k++)
			{
				if (pdata[k + 5] > max_class_socre)
				{
					max_class_socre = pdata[k + 5];
					max_ind = k;
				}
			}
			max_class_socre *= box_score;
			if (max_class_socre > this->confThreshold)
			{
				float cx = pdata[0] * ratiow;  
				float cy = pdata[1] * ratioh;   
				float w = pdata[2] * ratiow;   
				float h = pdata[3] * ratioh;  

				float xmin = cx - 0.5 * w;
				float ymin = cy - 0.5 * h;
				float xmax = cx + 0.5 * w;
				float ymax = cy + 0.5 * h;

				generate_boxes.push_back(BoxInfo{ xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax, max_class_socre, max_ind });
			}
		}
		pdata += nout;
	}

	// Perform non maximum suppression to eliminate redundant overlapping boxes with
	// lower confidences
	nms(generate_boxes);
	for (size_t i = 0; i < generate_boxes.size(); ++i)
	{
		int xmin = int(generate_boxes[i].x1);
		int ymin = int(generate_boxes[i].y1);
		rectangle(frame, Point(xmin, ymin), Point(int(generate_boxes[i].x2), int(generate_boxes[i].y2)), Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2);
		string label = format("%.2f", generate_boxes[i].score);
		label = this->class_names[generate_boxes[i].label] + ":" + label;
		putText(frame, label, Point(xmin, ymin - 5), FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.75, Scalar(0, 255, 0), 1);
	}
}

int main()
{
	Net_config YOLOV7_nets = { 0.3, 0.5, "E:/work/People_Detect/yolov7-main/models/yolov7_640x640.onnx" };   choices=["models/yolov7_640x640.onnx", "models/yolov7-tiny_640x640.onnx", "models/yolov7_736x1280.onnx", "models/yolov7-tiny_384x640.onnx", "models/yolov7_480x640.onnx", "models/yolov7_384x640.onnx", "models/yolov7-tiny_256x480.onnx", "models/yolov7-tiny_256x320.onnx", "models/yolov7_256x320.onnx", "models/yolov7-tiny_256x640.onnx", "models/yolov7_256x640.onnx", "models/yolov7-tiny_480x640.onnx", "models/yolov7-tiny_736x1280.onnx", "models/yolov7_256x480.onnx"] # onnx权重文件路径,这里只能使用上述这种命名方式,因为中间需要解析出模型的测试图片大小
	YOLOV7 net(YOLOV7_nets);
	string imgpath = ""; #测试图片路径
	Mat srcimg = imread(imgpath);
	net.detect(srcimg);

	static const string kWinName = "Deep learning object detection in ONNXRuntime";
	namedWindow(kWinName, WINDOW_NORMAL);
	imshow(kWinName, srcimg);
	waitKey(0);
	destroyAllWindows();
}

上述需要修改的地方有三处:

  1. coco.names路径,在指定路径下创建(这里举个例子):
person
animal
......
  1. onnx权重文件路径,先将权重文件名称修改为上述方式,因为中间需要解析出模型的测试图片大小
  2. 测试图片路径
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