1、读取excel

import xlrd
import xlwt
from datetime import date,datetime


# 打开文件
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(r"D:\python_file\request_files\excelfile.xlsx", formatting_info=False)
# 获取所有的sheet
print("所有的工作表：",workbook.sheet_names())
sheet1 = workbook.sheet_names()[0]

# 根据sheet索引或者名称获取sheet内容
sheet1 = workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
sheet1 = workbook.sheet_by_name("Sheet1")

# 打印出所有合并的单元格
print(sheet1.merged_cells)
for (row,row_range,col,col_range) in sheet1.merged_cells:
    print(sheet1.cell_value(row,col))

# sheet1的名称、行数、列数
print("工作表名称：%s，行数：%d，列数：%d" % (sheet1.name, sheet1.nrows, sheet1.ncols))

# 获取整行和整列的值
row = sheet1.row_values(1)
col = sheet1.col_values(4)
print("第2行的值：%s" % row)
print("第5列的值：%s" % col)

# 获取单元格的内容
print("第一行第一列：%s" % sheet1.cell(0,0).value)
print("第一行第二列：%s" % sheet1.cell_value(0,1))
print("第一行第三列：%s" % sheet1.row(0)[2])

# 获取单元格内容的数据类型
# 类型 0 empty,1 string, 2 number, 3 date, 4 boolean, 5 error
print("第二行第三列的数据类型：%s" % sheet1.cell(3,2).ctype)

# 判断ctype类型是否等于data，如果等于，则用时间格式处理
if sheet1.cell(3,2).ctype == 3:
    data_value = xlrd.xldate_as_tuple(sheet1.cell_value(3, 2),workbook.datemode)
    print(data_value)
    print(date(*data_value[:3]))
    print(date(*data_value[:3]).strftime("%Y\%m\%d"))

2、 设置单元格样式

style = xlwt.XFStyle()    # 初始化样式
font = xlwt.Font()    # 为样式创建字体
font.name = name    # 设置字体名字对应系统内字体
font.bold = bold    # 是否加粗
font.color_index = 5    # 设置字体颜色
font.height = height    # 设置字体大小

# 设置边框的大小
borders = xlwt.Borders()
borders.left = 6
borders.right = 6
borders.top = 6
borders.bottom = 6

style.font = font    # 为样式设置字体
style.borders = borders

return style

3、写入excel

writeexcel = xlwt.Workbook()    # 创建工作表
sheet1 = writeexcel.add_sheet(u"Sheet1", cell_overwrite_ok = True)    # 创建sheet

row0 = ["编号", "姓名", "性别", "年龄", "生日", "学历"]
num = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
column0 = ["a1", "a2", "a3", "a4", "a5", "a6", "a7", "a8"]
education = ["小学", "初中", "高中", "大学"]

# 生成合并单元格
i,j = 1,0
while i < 2*len(education) and j < len(education):
    sheet1.write_merge(i, i+1, 5, 5, education[j], set_style("Arial", 200, True))
    i += 2
    j += 1

# 生成第一行
for i in range(0, 6):
    sheet1.write(0, i, row0[i])

# 生成前两列
for i in range(1, 9):
    sheet1.write(i, 0, i)
    sheet1.write(i, 1, "a1")

# 添加超链接
n = "HYPERLINK"
sheet1.write_merge(9,9,0,5,xlwt.Formula(n + '("https://www.baidu.com")'))

# 保存文件
writeexcel.save("demo.xls")