hbase基本概念可以参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/swordfall/p/8737328.html

安装Hbase

docker安装hbase：

docker pull harisekhon/hbase
docker run -d -h myhbase -p 2181:2181 -p 8080:8080 -p 8085:8085 -p 9090:9090 -p 9095:9095 -p 16000:16000 -p 16010:16010 -p 16201:16201 -p 16301:16301 --name hbase harisekhon/hbase

然后访问本机：http://localhost:16010/master-status，就可以看到基本的运行情况

Python连接Hbase

这里使用HappyBase连接

HappyBase文档：https://happybase.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user.html

HappyBasegithub页面：https://github.com/python-happybase/happybase

连接Hbase有两种方法：

import happybase

# 方法1
connection = happybase.Connection()
connection.close()

# 方法2
pool = happybase.ConnectionPool(size=3)
with pool.connection() as connection:
	pass

1.创建、删除表结构

HappyBase并不提供方法动态修改hbase的列族，因此当使用HappyBase定义了一个表的时候，它的列族就已经固定了，只能进入Hbase Shell进行修改列族的操作

import happybase

connection = happybase.Connection()
# 创建hbase表

if "my_hbase_table" not in connection.tables(): # 在所有的表中
    connection.create_table(
        'my_hbase_table',  # 表名
        {
            "col_family_1": dict(),  # 定义列族
            "col_family_2": dict(),  # 定义列族
        }
    )
elif not connection.is_table_enabled("my_hbase_table"): # 查看是否被禁用
    connection.enable_table("my_hbase_table") # 取消禁用
# connection.delete_table("my_hbase_table", disable=True) # 删除表
connection.close()

2.增改表数据

import happybase

pool = happybase.ConnectionPool(size=3)

# 获取连接
with pool.connection() as connection:
    table = connection.table("my_hbase_table")
    # 新增数据
    # 格式是：put("行名称",{" '列族:列名':'值' "})
    table.put("row1", {"col_family_1:col_1": "a", "col_family_2:col_1": "b"})
    table.put("row2", {"col_family_1:col_1": "1", "col_family_1:col_2": "2", "col_family_2:col_1": "c"})

Table.put()详细操作可以参考官网文档：https://happybase.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#happybase.Table.put

3.查看表数据

import happybase

pool = happybase.ConnectionPool(size=3)

# 获取连接
with pool.connection() as connection:
    table = connection.table("my_hbase_table")
    # 查询数据
    # 方法1：
    one_row = table.row('row1')  # 获取row1行数据
    for value in one_row.keys():  # 遍历当前行的每一列
        print(value.decode('utf-8'), one_row[value].decode('utf-8'))  # 可能有中文，使用encode转码
    
    # 方法2：
    for row_index, col_families in table.scan():  # row_key是行index, col_families是列族
        for col_key, col_value in col_families.items():
            col_key_str = col_key.decode('utf-8')
            col_value_str = col_value.decode('utf-8')
            print("行:{} 列:{} 值:{}".format(row_index, col_key_str, col_value_str))
    print("=================")

4.删除表数据

import happybase

pool = happybase.ConnectionPool(size=3)

# 获取连接
with pool.connection() as connection:
    table = connection.table("my_hbase_table")
	# 删除数据
	table.delete("row1", ["col_family_1:col_1"])  # 删除单个单元格数据
    table.delete("row2", ["col_family_1"])  # 删除整个列族
    for row_index, col_families in table.scan():  # row_key是行index, col_families是列族
        for col_key, col_value in col_families.items():
            col_key_str = col_key.decode('utf-8')
            col_value_str = col_value.decode('utf-8')
            print("行:{} 列:{} 值:{}".format(row_index, col_key_str, col_value_str))

完整代码

import happybase

connection = happybase.Connection()
# 创建hbase表

if "my_hbase_table" not in connection.tables(): # 在所有的表中
    connection.create_table(
        'my_hbase_table',  # 表名
        {
            "col_family_1": dict(),  # 定义列族
            "col_family_2": dict(),  # 定义列族
        }
    )
elif not connection.is_table_enabled("my_hbase_table"): # 查看是否被禁用
    connection.enable_table("my_hbase_table") # 取消禁用
connection.close()
# 开始操作
pool = happybase.ConnectionPool(size=3)

# 获取连接
with pool.connection() as connection:
    table = connection.table("my_hbase_table")
    # 新增数据
    # put("行名称",{" '列族:列名':'值' "})
    table.put("row1", {"col_family_1:col_1": "a", "col_family_2:col_1": "b"})
    table.put("row2", {"col_family_1:col_1": "1", "col_family_1:col_2": "2", "col_family_2:col_1": "c"})
    # 查询数据
    one_row = table.row('row1')  # 获取row1行数据
    for value in one_row.keys():  # 遍历当前行的每一列
        print(value.decode('utf-8'), one_row[value].decode('utf-8'))  # 可能有中文，使用encode转码
    for row_index, col_families in table.scan():  # row_key是行index, col_families是列族
        for col_key, col_value in col_families.items():
            col_key_str = col_key.decode('utf-8')
            col_value_str = col_value.decode('utf-8')
            print("行:{} 列:{} 值:{}".format(row_index, col_key_str, col_value_str))
    print("=================")
    # 删除
    table.delete("row1", ["col_family_1:col_1"])  # 删除单个单元格数据
    table.delete("row2", ["col_family_1"])  # 删除整个列族
    for row_index, col_families in table.scan():  # row_key是行index, col_families是列族
        for col_key, col_value in col_families.items():
            col_key_str = col_key.decode('utf-8')
            col_value_str = col_value.decode('utf-8')
            print("行:{} 列:{} 值:{}".format(row_index, col_key_str, col_value_str))

打印结果：

col_family_1:col_1 a
col_family_2:col_1 b
行:b'row1' 列:col_family_1:col_1 值:a
行:b'row1' 列:col_family_2:col_1 值:b
行:b'row2' 列:col_family_1:col_1 值:1
行:b'row2' 列:col_family_1:col_2 值:2
行:b'row2' 列:col_family_2:col_1 值:c
=================
行:b'row1' 列:col_family_2:col_1 值:b
行:b'row2' 列:col_family_2:col_1 值:c

更多参考

HBase简介：http://47.101.37.192/%E8%AF%BE%E4%BB%B6/%E6%8E%A8%E8%8D%90%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F/Hive&HBase/05_hBase%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B%E4%B8%8E%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2.html