新增字段

首先查看索引当前结构 GET

GET   http://IP:9200/user

结果：

{
	"user": {
		"aliases": {},
		"mappings": {
			"properties": {
				"age": {
					"type": "double"
				},
				"name": {
					"type": "text"
				},
				"sex": {
					"type": "text"
				}
			}
		},
		"settings": {
			"index": {
				"routing": {
					"allocation": {
						"include": {
							"_tier_preference": "data_content"
						}
					}
				},
				"number_of_shards": "1",
				"provided_name": "user",
				"creation_date": "1668516591325",
				"number_of_replicas": "1",
				"uuid": "BArUKCd8RFafjfMSu6oHBw",
				"version": {
					"created": "8050099"
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

当前的user索引具有name、age、sex三个字段

添加字段

给索引user添加class字段

PUT   http://IP:9200/user/_mapping

​{
  "properties": {
    "class": {
      "type":"text"
    }
  }
}

添加完成后再次查看索引结构：

结果：

{
	"user": {
		"aliases": {},
		"mappings": {
			"properties": {
				"age": {
					"type": "double"
				},
				"class": {
					"type": "text"
				},
				"name": {
					"type": "text"
				},
				"sex": {
					"type": "text"
				}
			}
		},
		"settings": {
			"index": {
				"routing": {
					"allocation": {
						"include": {
							"_tier_preference": "data_content"
						}
					}
				},
				"number_of_shards": "1",
				"provided_name": "user",
				"creation_date": "1668516591325",
				"number_of_replicas": "1",
				"uuid": "BArUKCd8RFafjfMSu6oHBw",
				"version": {
					"created": "8050099"
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

可以看到结构中已经有了class字段了

给新增的字段赋值

先查看现在索引user中的数据

GET http://IP:9200/user/_search

结果：

{
	"took": 2,
	"timed_out": false,
	"_shards": {
		"total": 1,
		"successful": 1,
		"skipped": 0,
		"failed": 0
	},
	"hits": {
		"total": {
			"value": 2,
			"relation": "eq"
		},
		"max_score": 1,
		"hits": [
			{
				"_index": "user",
				"_id": "101",
				"_score": 1,
				"_source": {
					"name": "李四",
					"age": "18",
					"sex": "男"
				}
			},
			{
				"_index": "user",
				"_id": "102",
				"_score": 1,
				"_source": {
					"name": "王五",
					"age": "25",
					"sex": "女"
				}
			}
		]
	}
}

因为class字段在没有数据，所以自动过滤掉了不显示；

数据赋值

用法1

POST http://IP:9200/user/_update_by_query
{
    "script": {
        "lang": "painless",
        "inline": "ctx._source.class = '一班'"
    }
}

再次查看索引user数据，结果：

{
	"took": 2,
	"timed_out": false,
	"_shards": {
		"total": 1,
		"successful": 1,
		"skipped": 0,
		"failed": 0
	},
	"hits": {
		"total": {
			"value": 2,
			"relation": "eq"
		},
		"max_score": 1,
		"hits": [
			{
				"_index": "user",
				"_id": "101",
				"_score": 1,
				"_source": {
					"sex": "男",
					"name": "李四",
					"class": "一班",
					"age": "18"
				}
			},
			{
				"_index": "user",
				"_id": "102",
				"_score": 1,
				"_source": {
					"sex": "女",
					"name": "王五",
					"class": "一班",
					"age": "25"
				}
			}
		]
	}
}

可以看到现在的class字段数据已经添加进去了

用法2

将其他字段的值赋给新字段

POST http://IP:9200/user/_update_by_query
{
    "script": {
        "lang": "painless",
        "inline": "ctx._source.class = ctx._source.sex"
    }
}

结果：

{
	"took": 2,
	"timed_out": false,
	"_shards": {
		"total": 1,
		"successful": 1,
		"skipped": 0,
		"failed": 0
	},
	"hits": {
		"total": {
			"value": 2,
			"relation": "eq"
		},
		"max_score": 1,
		"hits": [
			{
				"_index": "user",
				"_id": "101",
				"_score": 1,
				"_source": {
					"sex": "男",
					"name": "李四",
					"class": "男",
					"age": "18"
				}
			},
			{
				"_index": "user",
				"_id": "102",
				"_score": 1,
				"_source": {
					"sex": "女",
					"name": "王五",
					"class": "女",
					"age": "25"
				}
			}
		]
	}
}