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es 修改mapping

es不能修改mapping哈哈哈是不是以为自己要凉了不是的虽然不能修改但是我们可以删了再建当然删之前数据还是要备份一下的

向阳居士

4148人浏览 · 2021-06-23 19:52:36

向阳居士 · 2021-06-23 19:52:36 发布

前言

es不能修改mapping

是不是感觉要凉了哈哈别着急还有救

不能改但是我们可以新建自己想要修改的mapping 通过一系列的骚操作可以大致实现你想修改的效果，下面开始吧

一、案例展示前期准备

1.先创建一个索引作为原来的mapping

代码如下（示例）：


PUT blog

2.新建文档写入数据

代码如下（示例）：


PUT blog/article/1
{
  "id":"1",
  "brief":"博客2简介",
  "pubTime": 1624006061026,
  "searchContent":"博客1简介 博客1标题",
  "title":"博客1标题"
}



PUT blog/article/2
{
  "id":"2",
  "brief":"博客2简介",
  "pubTime": 1624006061026,
  "searchContent":"博客2简介 博客2标题",
  "title":"博客2标题"
}

3.查看mapping

代码如下（示例）：


GET /blog/_mapping

查询结果

{
  "blog" : {
    "mappings" : {
      "article" : {
        "properties" : {
          "brief" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "id" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "pubTime" : {
            "type" : "long"
          },
          "searchContent" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "title" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

2.查看已写入的数据

GET /blog/article/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

查询结果

{
  "took" : 0,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "blog",
        "_type" : "article",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "2",
          "brief" : "博客2简介",
          "pubTime" : 1624006061026,
          "searchContent" : "博客2简介 博客2标题",
          "title" : "博客2标题"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "blog",
        "_type" : "article",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "1",
          "brief" : "博客1简介",
          "pubTime" : 1624006061026,
          "searchContent" : "博客1简介 博客1标题",
          "title" : "博客1标题"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

二、开始修改

1.创建一个新的索引备份一下待修改索引的数据

PUT /blog_bak

执行结果

{
  "acknowledged" : true,
  "shards_acknowledged" : true,
  "index" : "blog_bak"
}

2.备份数据

POST _reindex                   
{
  "source": {
    "index": "blog"
  },
  "dest": {
    "index": "blog_bak"
  }
}

执行结果

{
  "took" : 37,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "total" : 2,
  "updated" : 0,
  "created" : 2,
  "deleted" : 0,
  "batches" : 1,
  "version_conflicts" : 0,
  "noops" : 0,
  "retries" : {
    "bulk" : 0,
    "search" : 0
  },
  "throttled_millis" : 0,
  "requests_per_second" : -1.0,
  "throttled_until_millis" : 0,
  "failures" : [ ]
}

3.查看备份数据

GET /blog_bak/article/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

执行结果

{
  "took" : 0,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "blog_bak",
        "_type" : "article",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "2",
          "brief" : "博客2简介",
          "pubTime" : 1624006061026,
          "searchContent" : "博客2简介 博客2标题",
          "title" : "博客2标题"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "blog_bak",
        "_type" : "article",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "1",
          "brief" : "博客1简介",
          "pubTime" : 1624006061026,
          "searchContent" : "博客1简介 博客1标题",
          "title" : "博客1标题"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

3.数据已经成功备份，这时候我们可以放心的把原来的待修改索引删除

DELETE blog

执行结果

{
  "acknowledged" : true
}

4.再重新创建blog索引

比如我想给搜索字段seacrchContent增加ik分词，于是我将blog设置成如下

PUT blog
{
    "mappings" : {
      "article" : {
        "properties" : {
          "brief" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "id" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "pubTime" : {
            "type" : "long"
          },
          "searchContent" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "analyzer" : "ik_max_word"
          },
          "title" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "author" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          }
          
        }
      }
    }
}

执行结果

{
  "acknowledged" : true,
  "shards_acknowledged" : true,
  "index" : "blog"
}

5.在将原来备份的数据重新导回来


POST _reindex                   
{
  "source": {
    "index": "blog_bak"
  },
  "dest": {
    "index": "blog"
  }
}

执行结果

{
  "took" : 7,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "total" : 2,
  "updated" : 0,
  "created" : 2,
  "deleted" : 0,
  "batches" : 1,
  "version_conflicts" : 0,
  "noops" : 0,
  "retries" : {
    "bulk" : 0,
    "search" : 0
  },
  "throttled_millis" : 0,
  "requests_per_second" : -1.0,
  "throttled_until_millis" : 0,
  "failures" : [ ]
}

6.查看当前修改后的mapping

GET /blog/_mapping

执行结果

{
  "blog" : {
    "mappings" : {
      "article" : {
        "properties" : {
          "author" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "brief" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "id" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          },
          "pubTime" : {
            "type" : "long"
          },
          "pv" : {
            "type" : "long"
          },
          "searchContent" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "analyzer" : "ik_max_word"
          },
          "title" : {
            "type" : "text",
            "fields" : {
              "keyword" : {
                "type" : "keyword",
                "ignore_above" : 256
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

7.查询该索引的数据

GET /blog/article/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

执行结果

{
  "took" : 0,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "blog",
        "_type" : "article",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "2",
          "brief" : "博客2简介",
          "pubTime" : 1624006061026,
          "searchContent" : "博客2简介 博客2标题",
          "title" : "博客2标题"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "blog",
        "_type" : "article",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "1",
          "brief" : "博客1简介",
          "pubTime" : 1624006061026,
          "searchContent" : "博客1简介 博客1标题",
          "title" : "博客1标题"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

如此成功修改了searchContent的分词，也未丢失数据。看完你也懂了，虽然不能修改

但是我们可以备份数据，删了原来的索引，再重新创建一个满足自己开发需求的索引，最后将数据重新导回来。

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