ES基础回顾
1. ESThe Elastic Stack, 包括 Elasticsearch、 Kibana、 Beats 和 Logstash（也称为 ELK Stack）。能够安全可靠地获取任何来源、任何格式的数据，然后实时地对数据进行搜索、分析和可视化。Elaticsearch，简称为 ES， ES 是一个开源的高扩展的分布式全文搜索引擎， 是整个 ElasticStack 技术栈的核心。它可以近乎实时
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1. ES
The Elastic Stack, 包括 Elasticsearch、 Kibana、 Beats 和 Logstash（也称为 ELK Stack）。能够安全可靠地获取任何来源、任何格式的数据，然后实时地对数据进行搜索、分析和可视化。
Elaticsearch，简称为 ES， ES 是一个开源的高扩展的分布式全文搜索引擎， 是整个 ElasticStack 技术栈的核心。
它可以近乎实时的存储、检索数据；本身扩展性很好，可以扩展到上百台服务器，处理 PB 级别的数据。
2. ES安装
官网地址
官方文档
elasticsearch-7-8-下载界面
3. PostMan操作ES
{{es_basic}} —> postman环境变量 —>localhost:9200
3.1 索引操作
3.1.1 创建索引
-PUT {{es_basic}}/shopping
返回结果
{
"acknowledged": true,
"shards_acknowledged": true,
"index": "shopping"
}
“acknowledged”: true, 表示索引创建成功！
假设我们已POST方式创建索引
{
"error": "Incorrect HTTP method for uri [/shopping] and method [POST], allowed: [DELETE, PUT, HEAD, GET]",
"status": 405
}
该报错信息表示创建索引只能是PUT方法
3.1.2 查询索引
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping
返回结果
{
"shopping": {
"aliases": {},
"mappings": {},
"settings": {
"index": {
"creation_date": "1648972369147",
"number_of_shards": "1",
"number_of_replicas": "1",
"uuid": "InEwSJbiQcK_jHOKNFwG_w",
"version": {
"created": "7080099"
},
"provided_name": "shopping"
}
}
}
}
3.1.3 删除索引
-DELETE {{es_basic}}/shopping
返回结果
{
"acknowledged": true
}
3.1.4 查看全部索引
-GET {{es_basic}}/_cat/indices?v
返回结果
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open shopping LFvXy9p8QJi-cLagS6oPtw 1 1 0 0 208b 208b
可以看到我们创建的索引 shopping
3.2 文档操作
文档的操作，存在索引的前提，假设我们已创建好shopping索引
3.2.1 文档创建
-POST {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc
返回结果
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "parse_exception",
"reason": "request body is required"
}
],
"type": "parse_exception",
"reason": "request body is required"
},
"status": 400
}
发现创建失败，原因是缺少 body文档， “reason”: “request body is required”
由于es操作基于json文件，我们在创建文档时，添加body 的json 文件
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json文件
{
"title":"小米手机",
"category":"小米",
"images":"http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price":3999.00
}
返回结果
{
"_index": "shopping", //索引
"_type": "_doc", // 文档类型
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6", //主键
"_version": 1, //版本
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}
“result”: “created” 表示文档创建成功，HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6类似MySQL的唯一主键
创建文档这边不能使用PUT，否则会报错，如下
{
"error": "Incorrect HTTP method for uri [/shopping/_doc] and method [PUT], allowed: [POST]",
"status": 405
}
如果想要指定唯一键_id，我们使用PUT、POST都可以
-PUT {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/10086
-POST {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/10086
3.2.2 文档查询
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/10086
返回结果
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "10086",
"_version": 2,
"_seq_no": 3,
"_primary_term": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_id_put",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
}
查询不存在的id时
{{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/100863
返回结果
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "100863",
"found": false
}
“found”: false 无结果
查询查询该shopping索引下的全部文档
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/_search
返回结果
{
"took": 38,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "10086",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_id_put",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
}
]
}
}
3.2.3 文档更新
3.2.3.1 全量更新
主键id与原来存在的文档一致，该操作会覆盖之前的文档，称为全量更新
假设 已存在索引shopping并且id为10086的文档
-POST {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/10086
返回结果
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "10086",
"_version": 3,
"result": "updated",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 4,
"_primary_term": 1
}
如果时首次创建，则是"result": “created”,此时为"result": “updated”,表示被更新
3.2.3.2 局部更新
修改前
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/10086
返回结果
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "10086",
"_version": 7,
"_seq_no": 8,
"_primary_term": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_id_put",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
}
修改
指定body里面的局部属性进行更新
-POST {{es_basic}}/shopping/_update/10086
body
{
"doc":{
"title":"为发烧而生",
"category":"小米粥"
}
}
doc指定的文档名称
局部更新
-POST {{es_basic}}/shopping/_update/10086
返回结果
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "10086",
"_version": 8,
"result": "updated",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 9,
"_primary_term": 1
}
_version 会随着每次的更新而递增
我们重新查询
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/10086
返回结果
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "10086",
"_version": 8,
"_seq_no": 9,
"_primary_term": 1,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"title": "为发烧而生",
"category": "小米粥",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.0
}
}
可见title、category已被更新
3.2.4 文档删除
-DELETE {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/10086
返回结果
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "10086",
"_version": 9,
"result": "deleted",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 10,
"_primary_term": 1
}
“result”: “deleted”,文档被删除
再次查询
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/10086
返回结果
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "10086",
"found": false
}
可见索引shopping、文档_doc已被删除
3.2.5 文档高级查询
数据准备
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_doc/_search
返回结果
{
"took": 728,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 5,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_1",
"category": "小米_1",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_4",
"category": "小米_4",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 5
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "99",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "华为手机",
"category": "华为",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 8888.00
}
}
]
}
}
3.2.5.1 条件查询
URL带参查询：查询category=小米的所有文档
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search?q=category:小米
返回结果
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 5,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.39713606,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_55",
"category": "米小",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.3370651,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_1",
"category": "小米_1",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.3370651,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_4",
"category": "小米_4",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 5
}
}
]
}
}
该查询可以查出category中包含小米的所有文档，但URL传参毕竟不安全
Body带参查询：查询category=小米的所有文档
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match":{
"category":"小米"
}
}
}
返回结果
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 5,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.39713606,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_55",
"category": "米小",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.3370651,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_1",
"category": "小米_1",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.3370651,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_4",
"category": "小米_4",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 5
}
}
]
}
}
返回通用的数据，但是body传参安全性较高，推荐使用
Body带参查询：查询所有文档
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match_all":{
}
}
}
返回结果
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_1",
"category": "小米_1",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_4",
"category": "小米_4",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 5
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "99",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "华为手机",
"category": "华为",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 8888.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_55",
"category": "米小",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
}
]
}
}
Body带参查询：查询category=小米的(指定字段)所有文档
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body传参
{
"query":{
"match":{
"category":"小米"
}
},
"_source":["title","price"]
}
返回结果
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 5,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.39713606,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"price": 3999.0,
"title": "小米手机"
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"price": 3999.0,
"title": "小米手机"
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"price": 3999.0,
"title": "小米手机_55"
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.3370651,
"_source": {
"price": 1,
"title": "小米手机_1"
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.3370651,
"_source": {
"price": 5,
"title": "小米手机_4"
}
}
]
}
}
3.2.5.2 分页查询
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match":{
"category":"小米"
}
},
"from":0,
"size":3
}
from：类似于offset偏移量，size:类似于limit
返回参数
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 5,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.39713606,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": 0.39713606,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_55",
"category": "米小",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
}
]
}
}
3.2.5.3 查询排序
要求所有文档按照加个price降序
{{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match_all":{}
},
"sort":{
"price":{
"order":"desc"
}
}
}
返回参数
{
"took": 24,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "99",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "华为手机",
"category": "华为",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 8888.00
},
"sort": [
8888.0
]
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
},
"sort": [
3999.0
]
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
},
"sort": [
3999.0
]
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_55",
"category": "米小",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
},
"sort": [
3999.0
]
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_4",
"category": "小米_4",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 5
},
"sort": [
5.0
]
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_1",
"category": "小米_1",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1
},
"sort": [
1.0
]
}
]
}
}
3.2.5.4 多条件查询
AND
查询category为小小米，价格为3999.00的文档
- GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"bool":{
"must":[{
"match":{
"category":"小小米"
}
},{
"match":{
"price":"3999.00"
}
}
]
}
}
}
bool下面添加条件
返回参数
{
"took": 4,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.5957041,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 1.5957041,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 1.5957041,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": 1.5957041,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_55",
"category": "米小",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
}
]
}
}
可以看出我们查询的是 “category”:“小小米”，但实际上，只要有包含"小"，"米"的文档都被匹配出来了，这就是分词的效果，后续介绍
OR + 范围查询
查询category为虾米，或者是华为手机，价格大于3999.00的文档
- GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"bool":{
"should":[{
"match":{
"category":"虾米"
}
},{
"match":{
"category":"华为"
}
}],
"filter":{
"range":{
"price":{
"gt":3333
}
}
}
}
}
}
返回参数
{
"took": 16,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 4,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 3.902842,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "99",
"_score": 3.902842,
"_source": {
"title": "华为手机",
"category": "华为",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 8888.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 0.19856803,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 0.19856803,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": 0.19856803,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_55",
"category": "米小",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
}
]
}
}
3.2.5.5 全文检索
查询所有匹配"category":"小华"的文档
{{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match":{
"category":"小华"
}
}
}
返回结果
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.951421,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "99",
"_score": 1.951421,
"_source": {
"title": "华为手机",
"category": "华为",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 8888.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 0.19856803,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 0.19856803,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": 0.19856803,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_55",
"category": "米小",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.16853255,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_1",
"category": "小米_1",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.16853255,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_4",
"category": "小米_4",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 5
}
}
]
}
}
该检索的方式，可以检索出所有含有"小","华"文字的文档，如果要完全匹配，见如下
3.2.5.6 完全匹配
查询完全匹配"为"的 文档
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match_phrase":{
"category":"为"
}
}
}
match_phrase 字段表示完全匹配，即只匹配文档category包含"为"的所有文档，如果是匹配"小华",则是匹配文档category包含"小华"的所有文档
返回参数
{
"took": 1,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.951421,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "99",
"_score": 1.951421,
"_source": {
"title": "华为手机",
"category": "华为",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 8888.00
}
}
]
}
}
3.2.5.7 高亮字段
如果我们想要在返回的字段中高亮某些字段
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match_phrase":{
"category":"为"
}
},
"highlight":{
"fields":{
"category":{} //高亮category字段
}
}
}
返回参数
{
"took": 82,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.951421,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "99",
"_score": 1.951421,
"_source": {
"title": "华为手机",
"category": "华为",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 8888.00
},
"highlight": {
"category": [
"华<em>为</em>"
]
}
}
]
}
}
3.2.5.8 分组查询
类似于MySQL的分组group by查询，我们将shopping索引下的price字段分组
-GET {{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"aggs":{ //聚合操作
"price_group":{ //名字可以任意取
"terms":{ //分组
"field":"price" //分组字段
}
}
}
}
返回结果
{
"took": 22,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "HqGB7n8BI3mVVhLujEv6",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "H6GI7n8BI3mVVhLuwUtc",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"category": "小米",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_1",
"category": "小米_1",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 1
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_4",
"category": "小米_4",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 5
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "99",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "华为手机",
"category": "华为",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 8888.00
}
},
{
"_index": "shopping",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "55",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机_55",
"category": "米小",
"images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
"price": 3999.00
}
}
]
},
"aggregations": {
"price_group": {
"doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
"sum_other_doc_count": 0,
"buckets": [
{
"key": 3999.0,
"doc_count": 3
},
{
"key": 1.0,
"doc_count": 1
},
{
"key": 5.0,
"doc_count": 1
},
{
"key": 8888.0,
"doc_count": 1
}
]
}
}
}
price_group就是我们分组后的一个结果集，如果想要在分组求和后不带上hits原始数据，可以在聚合操作同级，加上 “size”:0
3.2.5.9 聚合函数求平均值
{{es_basic}}/shopping/_search
Body参数
{
"aggs":{
"price_avg":{
"avg":{
"field":"price"
}
}
},
"size":0
}
返回结果
{
"took": 1,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": null,
"hits": []
},
"aggregations": {
"price_avg": {
"value": 3481.8333333333335
}
}
}
3.3 映射关系
前面我们创建索引，类似在MySQL中创建了数据库，但是数据库里面的表结构，却是没有定义，就是有哪些字段，类型，长度，约束等，这个就称之为mapping（映射）。
- 先创建一个索引
-PUT {{es_basic}}/user
返回结果
{
"acknowledged": true,
"shards_acknowledged": true,
"index": "user"
}
- 创建字段的约束关系
-PUT {{es_basic}}/user/_mapping
Body参数
{
"properties":{
"name":{
"type":"text",
"index":true
},
"sex":{
"type":"keyword",
"index":true
},
"tel":{
"type":"keyword",
"index":false
}
}
}
返回参数
{
"acknowledged": true
}
- 增加一条数据
-PUT {{es_basic}}/user/_create/1001
Body参数
{
"name":"LiuZy",
"sex":"男",
"tel":"10086"
}
返回结果
{
"_index": "user",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1001",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}
- 查询name里面带"L"的数据
- GET {{es_basic}}/user/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match":{
"name":"L"
}
}
}
返回参数
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 0,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": null,
"hits": []
}
}
发现啥都没有，这是由于分词的问题，没有将L从LiuZy被分出去
重新PUT一条数据
{
"name":"小米",
"sex":"男的",
"tel":"10086"
}
我们查询查询name里面带"小"的数据
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match":{
"name":"小"
}
}
}
返回结果
{
"took": 4,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 2,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.43445712,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "user",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 0.43445712,
"_source": {
"name": "小米",
"sex": "男",
"tel": "10086"
}
},
{
"_index": "user",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1004",
"_score": 0.43445712,
"_source": {
"name": "小米",
"sex": "男的",
"tel": "10086"
}
}
]
}
}
- 查询sex里面带"男"的数据
-GET {{es_basic}}/user/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match":{
"sex":"男"
}
}
}
返回结果
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 2,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.4700036,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "user",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 0.4700036,
"_source": {
"name": "LiuZy",
"sex": "男",
"tel": "10086"
}
},
{
"_index": "user",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 0.4700036,
"_source": {
"name": "小米",
"sex": "男",
"tel": "10086"
}
}
]
}
}
此时没有匹配出"男的"， 由于sex是 “type”:“keyword”,类型，所以需要精确匹配才能得出数据！
- 查询sex里面带"男"的数据
-GET {{es_basic}}/user/_search
Body参数
{
"query":{
"match":{
"tel":"100"
}
}
}
返回结果
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "query_shard_exception",
"reason": "failed to create query: Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed.",
"index_uuid": "bnVBtstJReGuhnlrYS4xCg",
"index": "user"
}
],
"type": "search_phase_execution_exception",
"reason": "all shards failed",
"phase": "query",
"grouped": true,
"failed_shards": [
{
"shard": 0,
"index": "user",
"node": "8T45xezcTZ28X6Gfbs_SDw",
"reason": {
"type": "query_shard_exception",
"reason": "failed to create query: Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed.",
"index_uuid": "bnVBtstJReGuhnlrYS4xCg",
"index": "user",
"caused_by": {
"type": "illegal_argument_exception",
"reason": "Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed."
}
}
}
]
},
"status": 400
}
查询报错的原因是 sex的索引 “index”:false，表示不能被查询
后续学习使用JavaAPI操作以上数据，待更新
参考和学习
CSDN：https://blog.csdn.net/u011863024/article/details/115721328
B站：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1hh411D7sb?p=17
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