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文章目录

前言

Dubbo是阿里巴巴公司开源（已捐献给Apache）的高性能、轻量级的Java RPC框架。致力于提供高性能和透明化的RPC远程服务调用方案，以及SOA服务治理方案。

官网：Dubbo中文官网

一、Dubbo架构

在这里插入图片描述

二、安装zookeeper

下载地址：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/zookeeper/

上传到服务器

# mac 终端上传，可以使用其他工具
scp /Users/chaishuai/Downloads/apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz root@192.168.10.111:/usr/local/

解压并重命名

# 解压
tar -zxvf apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz 
# 重命名
mv apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin zookeeper

修改配置文件

# 进入配置文件目录
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/
# 因为zookeeper配置文件要叫zoo.cfg，所以复制一份zoo_sample.cfg
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
# 切换到zookeeper目录下，创建zookeeper数据目录
cd /usr/local/zookeeper
mkdir data
# 修改zoo.cfg
vim zoo.cfg
# 修改dataDir=/tmp/zookeeper 为 /usr/local/zookeeper/data

启动zookeeper

# 进入bin目录
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/bin
# 启动zookeeper
./zkServer.sh start
# 查看状态
./zkServer.sh status
# 停止zookeeper
./zkServer.sh stop

注意：zookeeper启动默认会使用8080端口，如果启动后查看状态显示失败，检查8080端口是否被占用。如果被占用可根据实际情况修改。

三、代码实战

1. 创建服务提供方

创建maven web工程dubbo-provider，引入相关依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>cn.com.supercoder</groupId>
  <artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>dubbo-provider Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>https://www.supercoder.com.cn</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <dubbo.version>2.7.15</dubbo.version>
    <zookeeper.version>3.4.6</zookeeper.version>
    <spring.version>5.2.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
  <!--引入实体类模块，因为实体类在多个服务中公用，所以抽取成一个单独的模块-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.com.supercoder</groupId>
      <artifactId>dubbo-entity</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--引入服务接口模块，同样由于服务提供方和服务消费方都要用到，所有抽取-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.com.supercoder</groupId>
      <artifactId>dubbo-interface</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--dubbo-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
      <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
      <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--zookeeper-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
      <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
      <version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
      <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--spring web-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>dubbo-provider</finalName>
    <pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
      	<!--tomcat插件-->
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
            <configuration>
              <port>9001</port>
              <path>/</path>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

服务提供方要提供的方法

/**
 * @desc UserService实现类
 * @author supercoder
 */
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Override
    public List<User> getUserList() {
        // 此处模拟返回UserList
        ArrayList<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
        User userA = new User();
        userA.setUuid(UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-",""));
        userA.setAge("V1.0.0");
        userA.setUsername("SuperCoderBlog");
        userA.setAddress("https://www.supercoder.com.cn");
        User userB = new User();
        userB.setUuid(UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", ""));
        userB.setAge("V1.0.0");
        userB.setUsername("SuperCoderBbs");
        userB.setAddress("https://bbs.supercoder.com.cn");
        list.add(userA);
        list.add(userB);
        return list;
    }
}

创建Spring配置文件并配置要暴露的服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!--服务提供方应用名称，用于计算依赖关系-->
    <dubbo:application name="dubbo-provider"/>

    <!--配置zookeeper注册中心地址-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:2181"/>

    <!--用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露协议-->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20881"/>

    <!--声明需要暴露的服务-->
    <dubbo:service interface="cn.com.supercoder.service.UserService" ref="userService"/>

    <!--注册本地bean-->
    <bean id="userService" class="cn.com.supercoder.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/>

</beans>

在web.xml中配置监听器加载Spring配置文件

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:provider.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
</web-app>

2. 创建服务消费方

创建maven web工程dubbo-consumer，引入相关依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>cn.com.supercoder</groupId>
  <artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>dubbo-consumer Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>https://www.supercoder.com.cn</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <dubbo.version>2.7.15</dubbo.version>
    <zookeeper.version>3.4.6</zookeeper.version>
    <spring.version>5.2.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
  	<!--引入实体类所在模块，因为实体类在多个服务中公用，所以抽取成一个单独的模块-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.com.supercoder</groupId>
      <artifactId>dubbo-entity</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
	<!--引入服务接口模块，同样由于服务提供方和服务消费方都要用到，所有抽取-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cn.com.supercoder</groupId>
      <artifactId>dubbo-interface</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
	<!--dubbo-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
      <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
      <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
    </dependency>
	<!--zookeeper-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
      <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
      <version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
      <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--spring-webmvc-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>dubbo-consumer</finalName>
    <pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
      	<!--tomcat插件-->
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
          <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.1</version>
          <configuration>
            <port>7001</port>
            <path>/</path>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

创建Service调用服务提供方提供的UserService服务

/**
 * @author supercoder
 */
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @Override
    public List<User> getUserList() {
        return userService.getUserList();
    }
}

创建Controller调用Service实现业务调用

/**
 * @author supercoder
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;

    @RequestMapping("/getAll")
    @ResponseBody
    public List<User> getUserList(){
        List<User> userList = orderService.getUserList();
        return userList;
    }
}

创建Spring配置文件引用服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--服务消费方应用名称，用于计算依赖关系-->
    <dubbo:application name="dubbo-consumer"/>

    <!--配置zookeeper注册中心地址-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://123.56.85.35:2181"/>

    <!--生成本地服务代理-->
    <dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="cn.com.supercoder.service.UserService"/>
    
	<!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.com.supercoder.service"/>

</beans>

创建SpringMVC配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.com.supercoder.controller"/>

    <!--开启注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

</beans>

在web.xml中配置加载Spring和SpringMVC配置文件

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:consumer.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

四、服务调用

完成服务提供方和消费方的创建后，启动两个工程，测试调用。

注意事项

  1. zookeeper服务正常启动
  2. 因为服务调用结果需要序列化后通过网络传输，所以实体类必须实现Serializable接口
  3. 实体类模块和接口模块的代码比较简单，本文省略，需要自行创建

访问 http://localhost:7001/order/getAll 测试

测试结果：
在这里插入图片描述
至此，一个通过Spring配置文件方式实现的Dubbo RPC调用demo就完成了。

# rpc # zookeeper
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