Hbase手动split、compact、merge、批量合并分区
通过以上手动Split方法可临时性解决Region倾斜问题。merge_regions .通过以上手动Split方法可临时性解决Region倾斜问题
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Hbase手动split、compact、merge、批量合并分区
hbase shell命令手动Split:
// 手动 split region
split 'TABLENAME'
split 'REGIONNAME'
split 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME'
split 'TABLENAME','splitKey'
split 'REGIONNAME','splitKey'
split 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME','splitKey'
hbase shell命令合并:
// 手动 merge region
// 合并相邻的两个Region
merge_region 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME', 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME'
// 强制合并两个Region
merge_region 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME', 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME', true
批量合并分区 merge_regions (java代码参考)
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HRegionInfo;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
/**
* 使用hbase java api对hbase的特定表按条件进行合并,由于未找到合适的api,所以hbase的region大小从hdfs上获取,如果有java api能实现该功能希望大家告知
* 阀值:lower_size:小region,直接合并,默认100M
* upper_size:大region,按条件合并,默认5G
* region_max_size:最大region大小,建议和region split的阀值大小相同,默认10G
* least_region_count:最少region个数,默认10个
* 算法:首先从hdfs的hbase存储路径获得table的region名称和size对应关系的map,然后通过api获取排序好的region实例List,然后遍历该List进行两两合并
* 规则:(待合并的region定义为A,B两个region)
* 当前region大小小于upper_size:
* 如果A region为空,则将当前region赋值给A
* 如果A region不为空,则将当前region赋值给B,则直接调用api对A,B进行合并,成功之后清空A,B继续遍历
* 当前region大小大于upper_size:
* 如果A region为空,放弃处理该region,直接继续遍历
* 如果A region不为空,并且A的大小小于lower_size或者A+当前的大小小于region_max_size,则将当前region赋值给B,则直接调用api对A,B进行合并,成功之后清空A,B继续遍历
* @author taochy
*
*
*/
public class HBaseRegionMergeUtil {
//小region,直接合并,默认100M
private static long lower_size = 100 * 1024 * 1024L;
//大region,按条件合并,默认5G
private static long upper_size = 5 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024L;
//最大region大小,建议和region split的阀值大小相同,默认10G
private static long region_max_size = 10 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024L;
//最少region个数,默认10个
private static int least_region_count = 10;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://hb1:9000/hbase");
conf.set("hbase.master", "hb1:60000");
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum",
"hb1:2181,hb2:2181,hb3:2181,hd4:2181,hd5:2181,hd6:2181,hd7:2181,hd8:2181,hd9:2181,hd10:2181,hd11:2181");
mergeRegion4Table(conf, "staticlog_2018");
}
/**
* 按表进行region的merge
* @param conf
* @param tableName
*/
public static void mergeRegion4Table(Configuration conf, String tableName) {
FileSystem fs = null;
conf.set("fs.defaultFS", "hdfs://hb1:9000");
conf.set("fs.hdfs.impl", "org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem");
Map<String, Long> tableRegionSizeMap = null;
long currentTimeMillis = 0L;
long currentTimeMillis2 = 0L;
int merge_count = 0;
try {
fs = FileSystem.get(URI.create("hdfs://hb1:9000"), conf);
tableRegionSizeMap = getTableRegionSizeMap(fs, tableName);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();
List<HRegionInfo> tableRegions = admin.getTableRegions(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
System.out.println("table " + tableName + " has " + tableRegions.size() + " regions!");
// 合并的执行条件,大于最小的region个数
if (tableRegions.size() > least_region_count) {
byte[] regionA = null;
long sizeA = 0L;
byte[] regionB = null;
for (HRegionInfo info : tableRegions) {
String regionName = info.getRegionNameAsString();
regionName = regionName.substring(regionName.lastIndexOf(".") - 32, regionName.lastIndexOf("."));
Long size = tableRegionSizeMap.get(regionName);
if (size != 0L) {
// region大小小于upper_size
if (size < upper_size) {
if (regionA == null) {
//如果A region为空,则将当前region赋值给A
regionA = info.getRegionName();
sizeA = size;
} else {
//如果A region不为空,则将当前region赋值给B,则直接调用api对A,B进行合并,成功之后清空A,B继续遍历
regionB = info.getRegionName();
currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
admin.mergeRegions(regionA, regionB, true);
currentTimeMillis2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(regionA) + " & " + Bytes.toString(regionB)
+ "merge cost " + (currentTimeMillis2 - currentTimeMillis) + " milliseconds!");
regionA = null;
regionB = null;
sizeA = 0L;
merge_count++;
}
} else {
// region大小大于upper_size
if (regionA == null) {
//如果A region为空,放弃处理该region,直接继续遍历
continue;
} else {
//如果A region不为空,并且A的大小小于lower_size或者A+当前的大小小于region_max_size,则将当前region赋值给B,则直接调用api对A,B进行合并,成功之后清空A,B继续遍历
if (sizeA < lower_size || (sizeA + size) < region_max_size) {
regionB = info.getRegionName();
currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
admin.mergeRegions(regionA, regionB, true);
currentTimeMillis2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(
Bytes.toString(regionA) + " & " + Bytes.toString(regionB) + "merge cost "
+ (currentTimeMillis2 - currentTimeMillis) + " milliseconds!");
regionA = null;
regionB = null;
sizeA = 0L;
merge_count++;
} else {
regionA = null;
sizeA = 0L;
}
}
}
} else {
System.out.println(regionName + "is empty,ignore!");
}
}
admin.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("merge run " + merge_count + " times,continue!");
// if(merge_count != 0){
// System.out.println("merge run "+ merge_count +" times,continue!");
// //递归操作,直到不需要继续合并
// mergeRegion4Table(conf,tableName);
// }else {
// System.out.println("no need to merge any more,finish!");
// }
}
/**
* 获得table的region名称和size对应关系的map
* @param fs
* @param tableName
* @return
*/
public static Map<String, Long> getTableRegionSizeMap(FileSystem fs, String tableName) {
Map<String, Long> tableRegionSizeMap = new HashMap<>();
String hbase_path = "/hbase/data/";
if (tableName.contains(":")) {
String[] split = tableName.split(":");
hbase_path = hbase_path + split[0] + "/" + split[1];
} else {
hbase_path = hbase_path + "default/" + tableName;
}
Path table_path = new Path(hbase_path);
try {
FileStatus[] files = fs.listStatus(table_path);
System.out.println(files.length);
for (FileStatus file : files) {
String name = file.getPath().getName();
long length = fs.getContentSummary(file.getPath()).getLength();
tableRegionSizeMap.put(name, length);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return tableRegionSizeMap;
}
}
补充
//表压缩 :
major_compact
//压缩整个区域(region)(可单独压缩列、列族) :
major_compact ‘table’
//刷新表(将mem中缓存刷入Hfile) :
flush ‘table’
通过以上手动Split方法可临时性解决Region倾斜问题
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