前面的安装就按照 mongodb4版本，windows下的安装与配置（史上步骤最全最详细+图解）进行安装即可，不再赘述。MongoDB名字起源参见 该博客。

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着重讲解的是如何通过配置文件进行服务的创建。

1、安装环境

• OS: Windows10
• MongoDB: 4.4.6

2、了解MogoDB服务端的命令

PS D:\mongdb\bin> .\mongod.exe -h
Options:
  --networkMessageCompressors arg (=snappy,zstd,zlib)
                                        Comma-separated list of compressors to
                                        use for network messages

General options:
  -h [ --help ]                         Show this usage information
  --version                             Show version information
  -f [ --config ] arg                   Configuration file specifying
                                        additional options
  --configExpand arg                    Process expansion directives in config
                                        file (none, exec, rest)
  --port arg                            Specify port number - 27017 by default
  --ipv6                                Enable IPv6 support (disabled by
                                        default)
  --listenBacklog arg (=2147483647)     Set socket listen backlog size
  --maxConns arg (=1000000)             Max number of simultaneous connections
  --pidfilepath arg                     Full path to pidfile (if not set, no
                                        pidfile is created)
  --timeZoneInfo arg                    Full path to time zone info directory,
                                        e.g. /usr/share/zoneinfo
  -v [ --verbose ] [=arg(=v)]           Be more verbose (include multiple times
                                        for more verbosity e.g. -vvvvv)
  --quiet                               Quieter output
  --logpath arg                         Log file to send write to instead of
                                        stdout - has to be a file, not
                                        directory
  --logappend                           Append to logpath instead of
                                        over-writing
  --logRotate arg                       Set the log rotation behavior
                                        (rename|reopen)
  --timeStampFormat arg                 Desired format for timestamps in log
                                        messages. One of iso8601-utc or
                                        iso8601-local
  --setParameter arg                    Set a configurable parameter
  --bind_ip arg                         Comma separated list of ip addresses to
                                        listen on - localhost by default
  --bind_ip_all                         Bind to all ip addresses
  --noauth                              Run without security
  --transitionToAuth                    For rolling access control upgrade.
                                        Attempt to authenticate over outgoing
                                        connections and proceed regardless of
                                        success. Accept incoming connections
                                        with or without authentication.
  --slowms arg (=100)                   Value of slow for profile and console
                                        log
  --slowOpSampleRate arg (=1)           Fraction of slow ops to include in the
                                        profile and console log
  --profileFilter arg                   Query predicate to control which
                                        operations are logged and profiled
  --auth                                Run with security
  --clusterIpSourceWhitelist arg        Network CIDR specification of permitted
                                        origin for `__system` access
  --profile arg                         0=off 1=slow, 2=all
  --cpu                                 Periodically show cpu and iowait
                                        utilization
  --sysinfo                             Print some diagnostic system
                                        information
  --noscripting                         Disable scripting engine
  --notablescan                         Do not allow table scans
  --keyFile arg                         Private key for cluster authentication
  --clusterAuthMode arg                 Authentication mode used for cluster
                                        authentication. Alternatives are
                                        (keyFile|sendKeyFile|sendX509|x509)

Replication options:
  --oplogSize arg                       Size to use (in MB) for replication op
                                        log. default is 5% of disk space (i.e.
                                        large is good)

Replica set options:
  --replSet arg                         arg is <setname>[/<optionalseedhostlist
                                        >]
  --enableMajorityReadConcern [=arg(=1)] (=1)
                                        Enables majority readConcern

Sharding options:
  --configsvr                           Declare this is a config db of a
                                        cluster; default port 27019; default
                                        dir /data/configdb
  --shardsvr                            Declare this is a shard db of a
                                        cluster; default port 27018

Storage options:
  --storageEngine arg                   What storage engine to use - defaults
                                        to wiredTiger if no data files present
  --dbpath arg                          Directory for datafiles - defaults to
                                        \data\db\ which is D:\data\db\ based on
                                        the current working drive
  --directoryperdb                      Each database will be stored in a
                                        separate directory
  --syncdelay arg (=60)                 Seconds between disk syncs
  --journalCommitInterval arg (=100)    how often to group/batch commit (ms)
  --upgrade                             Upgrade db if needed
  --repair                              Run repair on all dbs
  --journal                             Enable journaling
  --nojournal                           Disable journaling (journaling is on by
                                        default for 64 bit)
  --oplogMinRetentionHours arg (=0)     Minimum number of hours to preserve in
                                        the oplog. Default is 0 (turned off).
                                        Fractions are allowed (e.g. 1.5 hours)

Windows Service Control Manager options:
  --install                             Install Windows service
  --remove                              Remove Windows service
  --reinstall                           Reinstall Windows service (equivalent
                                        to --remove followed by --install)
  --serviceName arg                     Windows service name
  --serviceDisplayName arg              Windows service display name
  --serviceDescription arg              Windows service description
  --serviceUser arg                     Account for service execution
  --servicePassword arg                 Password used to authenticate
                                        serviceUser

Free Monitoring Options:
  --enableFreeMonitoring arg            Enable Cloud Free Monitoring
                                        (on|runtime|off)
  --freeMonitoringTag arg               Cloud Free Monitoring Tags

WiredTiger options:
  --wiredTigerCacheSizeGB arg           Maximum amount of memory to allocate
                                        for cache; Defaults to 1/2 of physical
                                        RAM
  --wiredTigerJournalCompressor arg (=snappy)
                                        Use a compressor for log records
                                        [none|snappy|zlib|zstd]
  --wiredTigerDirectoryForIndexes       Put indexes and data in different
                                        directories
  --wiredTigerCollectionBlockCompressor arg (=snappy)
                                        Block compression algorithm for
                                        collection data [none|snappy|zlib|zstd]
  --wiredTigerIndexPrefixCompression arg (=1)
                                        Use prefix compression on row-store
                                        leaf pages

TLS Options:
  --tlsOnNormalPorts                    Use TLS on configured ports
  --tlsMode arg                         Set the TLS operation mode
                                        (disabled|allowTLS|preferTLS|requireTLS
                                        )
  --tlsCertificateKeyFile arg           Certificate and key file for TLS
  --tlsCertificateKeyFilePassword arg   Password to unlock key in the TLS
                                        certificate key file
  --tlsClusterFile arg                  Key file for internal TLS
                                        authentication
  --tlsClusterPassword arg              Internal authentication key file
                                        password
  --tlsCAFile arg                       Certificate Authority file for TLS
  --tlsClusterCAFile arg                CA used for verifying remotes during
                                        inbound connections
  --tlsCRLFile arg                      Certificate Revocation List file for
                                        TLS
  --tlsDisabledProtocols arg            Comma separated list of TLS protocols
                                        to disable [TLS1_0,TLS1_1,TLS1_2]
  --tlsAllowConnectionsWithoutCertificates
                                        Allow client to connect without
                                        presenting a certificate
  --tlsAllowInvalidHostnames            Allow server certificates to provide
                                        non-matching hostnames
  --tlsAllowInvalidCertificates         Allow connections to servers with
                                        invalid certificates
  --tlsFIPSMode                         Activate FIPS 140-2 mode at startup
  --tlsCertificateSelector arg          TLS Certificate in system store
  --tlsClusterCertificateSelector arg   SSL/TLS Certificate in system store for
                                        internal TLS authentication
  --tlsLogVersions arg                  Comma separated list of TLS protocols
                                        to log on connect [TLS1_0,TLS1_1,TLS1_2
                                        ]

AWS IAM Options:
  --awsIamSessionToken arg              AWS Session Token for temporary
                                        credentials

着重看Windows Service Control Manager options，通过命令可以进行Windows服务的注册。

3、通过命令加载配置文件进行服务创建

在进行服务创建之前，将之前安装时自动注册的服务删除掉，进到安装MogoDB的bin目录下运行下述命令。

 .\mongod.exe --remove --serviceName mongodb

修改配置文件，着重看一下数据库的路径和日志的路径，修改为自己的，笔者在data目录下创建了db和logs文件夹，并且在logs文件夹创建了mongod.log文件。

# mongod.conf

# for documentation of all options, see:
#   http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/

# Where and how to store data.
storage:
  dbPath: D:\mongdb\data\db
  journal:
    enabled: true
#  engine:
#  mmapv1:
#  wiredTiger:

# where to write logging data.
systemLog:
  destination: file
  logAppend: true
  path:  D:\mongdb\data\logs\mongod.log

# network interfaces
net:
  port: 27017
  bindIp: 127.0.0.1

#processManagement:

#security:

#operationProfiling:

#replication:

#sharding:

## Enterprise-Only Options:

#auditLog:

#snmp:

删除后进行安装。

 .\mongod.exe -f "D:\mongdb\bin\mongod.cfg" --serviceName mongodb  --serviceDisplayName mongodb --install

此时查看服务如下图所示。

结果验证如下图所示。

4、下载MongoDB的GUI客户端——adminMongo

git clone git@github.com:mrvautin/adminMongo.git

下载好后，使用npm命令进行安装和启动即可。

界面如下图所示。