目录

Oracle 忘记/修改密码

Linux 中启动与关闭 Oracle

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Oracle 忘记/修改密码

1、以本机安装的 Oracle 11g 忘记 system 账户的密码为例。

A、以管理员身份运行 cmd 窗口.
B、以暂不登录的方式打开 sqlplus：sqlplus /nolog
C、以DBA的身份连接到数据库实例：connect / as sysdba
D、修改密码：alter user 用户名 identified by 新密码 ;

2、完整的 cmd 命令演示如下：

C:\WINDOWS\system32>sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期二 3月 29 10:43:09 2022
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
SQL> connect /as sysdba
已连接。
SQL> alter user system identified by wmx1993328 ;
用户已更改。
SQL>

3、修改之后，不需要重启 oracle 服务，直接可以新密码登录。

Linux 中启动与关闭 Oracle

1、启动 Oracle 时，先启动监听，再启动数据库实例。

2、关闭 Oracle 时，一般先关闭监听，让远程客户端无法再连进来后，再去关闭数据库实例。

启动 Oracle 数据库	su - oracle             # 切换到 Oracle 用户 lsnrctl status          # 查看监听状态 lsnrctl start             # 启动监听 sqlplus /nolog         #  不以任何用户登录，只打开登录窗口 conn /as sysdba     # 以超级管理员身份登录 startup                    # 启动数据库实例
关闭 Oracle 数据库	su - oracle                  # 切换到 Oracle 用户 lsnrctl stop                  # 关闭监听 sqlplus /nolog              # 不以任何用户登录，只打开登录窗口 conn /as sysdba          # 以超级管理员身份登录 shutdown immediate   # 关闭数据库实例

3、启动 Oracle 完整演示：

1、切换到 Oracle 用户
	[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
	上一次登录：日 10月  9 09:48:14 CST 2022pts/0 上
	[oracle@localhost ~]$ 

2、查看监听状态
	[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status
	LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 11-OCT-2022 14:24:14
	Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
	Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.104.65.181)(PORT=1521)))
	TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
	 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
	  TNS-00511: No listener
	   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
	Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
	TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
	 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
	  TNS-00511: No listener
	   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
	[oracle@localhost ~]$

3、启动监听
	[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start
	LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 11-OCT-2022 14:26:54
	Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
	Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
	TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
	System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
	Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
	Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.104.65.181)(PORT=1521)))
	Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

	Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.104.65.181)(PORT=1521)))
	STATUS of the LISTENER
	------------------------
	Alias                     LISTENER
	Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
	Start Date                11-OCT-2022 14:26:56
	Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
	Trace Level               off
	Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
	SNMP                      OFF
	Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
	Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
	Listening Endpoints Summary...
	  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.104.65.181)(PORT=1521)))
	  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
	Services Summary...
	Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
	  Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
	The command completed successfully
	[oracle@localhost ~]$ 

4、登录 Oracle 启动数据库实例
	[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog          # 不以任何用户登录，只打开登录窗口

	SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Oct 11 14:25:00 2022
	Version 19.3.0.0.0

	Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

	SQL> conn /as sysdba                         # 以超级管理员身份登录
	Connected to an idle instance.
	SQL> startup								 # 启动数据库实例
	ORACLE instance started.

	Total System Global Area 4747949400 bytes
	Fixed Size		    8906072 bytes
	Variable Size		 2717908992 bytes
	Database Buffers	 2013265920 bytes
	Redo Buffers		    7868416 bytes
	Database mounted.
	Database opened.
	SQL>