安装uwsgi报错

执行pip3 install uwsgi后报错Building wheel for uwsgi (setup.py) ... errorERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:command: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'

fj_changing

4602人浏览 · 2021-04-07 17:08:47

fj_changing · 2021-04-07 17:08:47 发布

ubuntu执行pip3 install uwsgi后报错。

CentOS7执行pip3 install uwsgi也报这个错，所以当时又尝试yum install uwsgi，没报错，应该是装的时候依赖已经都装好了。但后来发现，这个用yum安装的uwsgi，用它启动flask项目后，访问项目报错Internal Server Error，把项目复制到别人服务器却能正常访问，怀疑是因为不能用yum安装的uwsgi，而且还遇到ps -ef | grep uwsgi显示的进程号与uwsgi.pid文件(uwsgi.ini里配置的)中的不一致，所以卸载了yum安装的uwsgi，然后尝试各种修改后还是报Internal Server Error，没办法了直接重置服务器，并且换成了CentOS 8.2，执行pip install uwsgi还是报这个错。

Building wheel for uwsgi (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-k8k02_sl/uwsgi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-k8k02_sl/uwsgi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-a7zocrcr
       cwd: /tmp/pip-install-k8k02_sl/uwsgi/
  Complete output (102 lines):
  /usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'descriptions'
    warnings.warn(msg)
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib
  copying uwsgidecorators.py -> build/lib
  installing to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/wheel
  running install
  using profile: buildconf/default.ini
  detected include path: ['/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include', '/usr/local/include', '/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu', '/usr/include']
  Patching "bin_name" to properly install_scripts dir
  detected CPU cores: 4
  configured CFLAGS: -O2 -I. -Wall -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-missing-field-initializers -DUWSGI_HAS_IFADDRS -DUWSGI_ZLIB -DUWSGI_LOCK_USE_MUTEX -DUWSGI_EVENT_USE_EPOLL -DUWSGI_EVENT_TIMER_USE_TIMERFD -DUWSGI_EVENT_FILEMONITOR_USE_INOTIFY  -DUWSGI_PCRE -DUWSGI_ROUTING -DUWSGI_VERSION="\"2.0.19.1\"" -DUWSGI_VERSION_BASE="2" -DUWSGI_VERSION_MAJOR="0" -DUWSGI_VERSION_MINOR="19" -DUWSGI_VERSION_REVISION="1" -DUWSGI_VERSION_CUSTOM="\"\"" -DUWSGI_YAML -DUWSGI_PLUGIN_DIR="\".\"" -DUWSGI_DECLARE_EMBEDDED_PLUGINS="UDEP(python);UDEP(gevent);UDEP(ping);UDEP(cache);UDEP(nagios);UDEP(rrdtool);UDEP(carbon);UDEP(rpc);UDEP(corerouter);UDEP(fastrouter);UDEP(http);UDEP(ugreen);UDEP(signal);UDEP(syslog);UDEP(rsyslog);UDEP(logsocket);UDEP(router_uwsgi);UDEP(router_redirect);UDEP(router_basicauth);UDEP(zergpool);UDEP(redislog);UDEP(mongodblog);UDEP(router_rewrite);UDEP(router_http);UDEP(logfile);UDEP(router_cache);UDEP(rawrouter);UDEP(router_static);UDEP(sslrouter);UDEP(spooler);UDEP(cheaper_busyness);UDEP(symcall);UDEP(transformation_tofile);UDEP(transformation_gzip);UDEP(transformation_chunked);UDEP(transformation_offload);UDEP(router_memcached);UDEP(router_redis);UDEP(router_hash);UDEP(router_expires);UDEP(router_metrics);UDEP(transformation_template);UDEP(stats_pusher_socket);" -DUWSGI_LOAD_EMBEDDED_PLUGINS="ULEP(python);ULEP(gevent);ULEP(ping);ULEP(cache);ULEP(nagios);ULEP(rrdtool);ULEP(carbon);ULEP(rpc);ULEP(corerouter);ULEP(fastrouter);ULEP(http);ULEP(ugreen);ULEP(signal);ULEP(syslog);ULEP(rsyslog);ULEP(logsocket);ULEP(router_uwsgi);ULEP(router_redirect);ULEP(router_basicauth);ULEP(zergpool);ULEP(redislog);ULEP(mongodblog);ULEP(router_rewrite);ULEP(router_http);ULEP(logfile);ULEP(router_cache);ULEP(rawrouter);ULEP(router_static);ULEP(sslrouter);ULEP(spooler);ULEP(cheaper_busyness);ULEP(symcall);ULEP(transformation_tofile);ULEP(transformation_gzip);ULEP(transformation_chunked);ULEP(transformation_offload);ULEP(router_memcached);ULEP(router_redis);ULEP(router_hash);ULEP(router_expires);ULEP(router_metrics);ULEP(transformation_template);ULEP(stats_pusher_socket);"
  *** uWSGI compiling server core ***
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/utils.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/protocol.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/socket.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/logging.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/master.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/master_utils.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/emperor.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/notify.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/mule.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/subscription.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/stats.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/sendfile.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/async.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/master_checks.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/fifo.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/offload.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/io.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/static.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/websockets.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/spooler.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/snmp.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/exceptions.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/config.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/setup_utils.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/clock.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/init.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/buffer.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/reader.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/writer.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/alarm.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/cron.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/hooks.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/plugins.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/lock.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/cache.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/daemons.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/errors.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/hash.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/master_events.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/chunked.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/queue.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/event.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/signal.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/strings.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/progress.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/timebomb.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/ini.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/fsmon.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/mount.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/metrics.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/plugins_builder.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/sharedarea.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/rpc.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/gateway.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/loop.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/cookie.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/querystring.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/rb_timers.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/transformations.o
  [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/uwsgi.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] proto/base.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] proto/uwsgi.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] proto/http.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] proto/fastcgi.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] proto/scgi.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] proto/puwsgi.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] lib/linux_ns.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/zlib.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/regexp.o
  [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/routing.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/yaml.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/dot_h.o
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/config_py.o
  *** uWSGI compiling embedded plugins ***
  [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/python_plugin.o
  [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/pyutils.o
  In file included from plugins/python/python_plugin.c:1:
  plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:2:10: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录
      2 | #include <Python.h>
        |          ^~~~~~~~~~
  compilation terminated.
  In file included from plugins/python/pyutils.c:1:
  plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:2:10: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录
      2 | #include <Python.h>
        |          ^~~~~~~~~~
  compilation terminated.
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for uwsgi
  Running setup.py clean for uwsgi
Failed to build uwsgi
Installing collected packages: uwsgi
    Running setup.py install for uwsgi ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-k8k02_sl/uwsgi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-k8k02_sl/uwsgi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-ey_zf81p/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers /home/ubuntu/.local/include/python3.8/uwsgi
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-k8k02_sl/uwsgi/
    Complete output (107 lines):
    /usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'descriptions'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    running install
    using profile: buildconf/default.ini
    detected include path: ['/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/include', '/usr/local/include', '/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu', '/usr/include']
    Patching "bin_name" to properly install_scripts dir
    detected CPU cores: 4
    configured CFLAGS: -O2 -I. -Wall -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-missing-field-initializers -DUWSGI_HAS_IFADDRS -DUWSGI_ZLIB -DUWSGI_LOCK_USE_MUTEX -DUWSGI_EVENT_USE_EPOLL -DUWSGI_EVENT_TIMER_USE_TIMERFD -DUWSGI_EVENT_FILEMONITOR_USE_INOTIFY  -DUWSGI_PCRE -DUWSGI_ROUTING -DUWSGI_VERSION="\"2.0.19.1\"" -DUWSGI_VERSION_BASE="2" -DUWSGI_VERSION_MAJOR="0" -DUWSGI_VERSION_MINOR="19" -DUWSGI_VERSION_REVISION="1" -DUWSGI_VERSION_CUSTOM="\"\"" -DUWSGI_YAML -DUWSGI_PLUGIN_DIR="\".\"" -DUWSGI_DECLARE_EMBEDDED_PLUGINS="UDEP(python);UDEP(gevent);UDEP(ping);UDEP(cache);UDEP(nagios);UDEP(rrdtool);UDEP(carbon);UDEP(rpc);UDEP(corerouter);UDEP(fastrouter);UDEP(http);UDEP(ugreen);UDEP(signal);UDEP(syslog);UDEP(rsyslog);UDEP(logsocket);UDEP(router_uwsgi);UDEP(router_redirect);UDEP(router_basicauth);UDEP(zergpool);UDEP(redislog);UDEP(mongodblog);UDEP(router_rewrite);UDEP(router_http);UDEP(logfile);UDEP(router_cache);UDEP(rawrouter);UDEP(router_static);UDEP(sslrouter);UDEP(spooler);UDEP(cheaper_busyness);UDEP(symcall);UDEP(transformation_tofile);UDEP(transformation_gzip);UDEP(transformation_chunked);UDEP(transformation_offload);UDEP(router_memcached);UDEP(router_redis);UDEP(router_hash);UDEP(router_expires);UDEP(router_metrics);UDEP(transformation_template);UDEP(stats_pusher_socket);" -DUWSGI_LOAD_EMBEDDED_PLUGINS="ULEP(python);ULEP(gevent);ULEP(ping);ULEP(cache);ULEP(nagios);ULEP(rrdtool);ULEP(carbon);ULEP(rpc);ULEP(corerouter);ULEP(fastrouter);ULEP(http);ULEP(ugreen);ULEP(signal);ULEP(syslog);ULEP(rsyslog);ULEP(logsocket);ULEP(router_uwsgi);ULEP(router_redirect);ULEP(router_basicauth);ULEP(zergpool);ULEP(redislog);ULEP(mongodblog);ULEP(router_rewrite);ULEP(router_http);ULEP(logfile);ULEP(router_cache);ULEP(rawrouter);ULEP(router_static);ULEP(sslrouter);ULEP(spooler);ULEP(cheaper_busyness);ULEP(symcall);ULEP(transformation_tofile);ULEP(transformation_gzip);ULEP(transformation_chunked);ULEP(transformation_offload);ULEP(router_memcached);ULEP(router_redis);ULEP(router_hash);ULEP(router_expires);ULEP(router_metrics);ULEP(transformation_template);ULEP(stats_pusher_socket);"
    *** uWSGI compiling server core ***
    core/utils.o is up to date
    core/protocol.o is up to date
    core/socket.o is up to date
    core/logging.o is up to date
    core/master.o is up to date
    core/master_utils.o is up to date
    core/emperor.o is up to date
    core/notify.o is up to date
    core/mule.o is up to date
    core/subscription.o is up to date
    core/stats.o is up to date
    core/sendfile.o is up to date
    core/async.o is up to date
    core/master_checks.o is up to date
    core/fifo.o is up to date
    core/offload.o is up to date
    core/io.o is up to date
    core/static.o is up to date
    core/websockets.o is up to date
    core/spooler.o is up to date
    core/snmp.o is up to date
    core/exceptions.o is up to date
    core/config.o is up to date
    core/setup_utils.o is up to date
    core/clock.o is up to date
    core/init.o is up to date
    core/buffer.o is up to date
    core/reader.o is up to date
    core/writer.o is up to date
    core/alarm.o is up to date
    core/cron.o is up to date
    core/hooks.o is up to date
    core/plugins.o is up to date
    core/lock.o is up to date
    core/cache.o is up to date
    core/daemons.o is up to date
    core/errors.o is up to date
    core/hash.o is up to date
    core/master_events.o is up to date
    core/chunked.o is up to date
    core/queue.o is up to date
    core/event.o is up to date
    core/signal.o is up to date
    core/strings.o is up to date
    core/progress.o is up to date
    core/timebomb.o is up to date
    core/ini.o is up to date
    core/fsmon.o is up to date
    core/mount.o is up to date
    core/metrics.o is up to date
    core/plugins_builder.o is up to date
    core/sharedarea.o is up to date
    core/rpc.o is up to date
    core/gateway.o is up to date
    core/loop.o is up to date
    core/cookie.o is up to date
    core/querystring.o is up to date
    core/rb_timers.o is up to date
    core/transformations.o is up to date
    core/uwsgi.o is up to date
    proto/base.o is up to date
    proto/uwsgi.o is up to date
    proto/http.o is up to date
    proto/fastcgi.o is up to date
    proto/scgi.o is up to date
    proto/puwsgi.o is up to date
    lib/linux_ns.o is up to date
    core/zlib.o is up to date
    core/regexp.o is up to date
    core/routing.o is up to date
    core/yaml.o is up to date
    [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/dot_h.o
    [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] core/config_py.o
    *** uWSGI compiling embedded plugins ***
    [thread 2][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/python_plugin.o
    [thread 0][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/pyutils.o
    [thread 1][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/pyloader.o
    [thread 3][x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread] plugins/python/wsgi_handlers.o
    In file included from plugins/python/python_plugin.c:1:
    plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:2:10: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录
        2 | #include <Python.h>
          |          ^~~~~~~~~~
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from plugins/python/pyutils.c:1:
    plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:2:10: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录
        2 | #include <Python.h>
          |          ^~~~~~~~~~
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from plugins/python/wsgi_handlers.c:1:
    plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:2:10: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录
        2 | #include <Python.h>
          |          ^~~~~~~~~~
    compilation terminated.
    In file included from plugins/python/pyloader.c:1:
    plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:2:10: fatal error: Python.h: 没有那个文件或目录
        2 | #include <Python.h>
          |          ^~~~~~~~~~
    compilation terminated.
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-k8k02_sl/uwsgi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-k8k02_sl/uwsgi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-ey_zf81p/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers /home/ubuntu/.local/include/python3.8/uwsgi Check the logs for full command output.

首先，ubuntu最好执行一下sudo apt-get update，防止一会儿安装失败提示让执行这个；CentOS 8.2最好执行一下yum upgrade和yum update，否则接下来的安装可能报错，或者提示没这个软件包。

是因为没有python的头文件，也就是说没有安装python的开发库。

ubuntu：

sudo apt-get install python-dev python3-dev，ubuntu20.04自带python3，所以只需安python3-dev，然后再pip3 install uwsgi。参考链接

如果还报错，再执行sudo apt-get install gcc，然后再安装。

CentOS 8.2(腾讯云)：

yum install python3-devel，注意和ubuntu里装的不一样，再pip install uwsgi。

CentOS 8.3(虚拟机无桌面版，安装系统时选的最小安装)：

先yum install python36(一开始只输了python，提示有python2，python36，python38)，然后是上面8.2的两步，做完还是报错了，于是再dnf -y install gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel libffi-devel，然后pip3 install uwsgi。那一长串依赖的参考链接。若提示没有dnf命令，执行yum install dnf -y安装dnf软件包管理器，参考链接。

CentOS 7.9.2009(腾讯云)：

我用了Miniconda，虚拟环境是python3.6，conda创建虚拟环境后实际创建的是python3.6.2。关于Miniconda，详情可看我的另一篇文章。若执行以下代码安装失败，看文末的总结。

conda create -n flask_blog python=3.6     # 装好后实际是3.6.2，可在装好后进入虚拟环境输入python查看python版本
conda activate flask_blog
yum install python3-devel                 # 装的是python3-devel 3.6.8-18.el7
pip install uwsgi

CentOS 7.9.2009(官网DVD镜像) :

由于没有自带python3，所以需要手动安装，需要python3的原因在文末的总结中，这里我依然使用Miniconda。

conda create -n flask_blog python=3.6		# 装3.7最终安装uwsgi也成功
conda activate flask_blog
# yum install python3			# 装的是python 3.6.8-18.el7，后来发现不装也行，因虚拟环境已经是python3.6，conda创建的具体版本是3.6.2，虚拟环境若是python3.7时同理不装也行
yum install python3-devel	# 装的是python3-devel 3.6.8-18.el7
pip3 install uwsgi

总结

只针对CentOS 7.9.2009，先不考虑其他依赖(因系统可能已自带)，uwsgi_2.0.20版(测试时默认下载的版本)需python3.6或python3.7环境，3.8和3.9截止到测试时不行，即uwsgi所在的环境(如虚拟环境)中需已安装python3.6或python3.7，然后执行yum install python3-devel，再pip3 install uwsgi。

得到结论的测试过程：

首先下载CentOS 7.9.2009 DVD镜像，我是在阿里云开源镜像站下载的，你也可以在CentOS官网选择其他镜像站。

然后安装到虚拟机，安装完成后拍摄快照1。

切换root用户(因安装软件需root用户)，下载Miniconda，下载完成后终端不要关(方便恢复快照后直接在当前终端安装)，拍摄快照2。

第一轮测试

恢复快照1
切换root，因安装软件需root用户
yum install python3			# 装的是python 3.6.8-18.el7，CentOS 7.9.2009未自带python3，所以需手动安装
yum install python3-devel	# 装的是python3-devel 3.6.8-18.el7
pip3 install uwsgi			# 成功

由于之前CentOS 8.2(腾讯云)时已经写了要装python3-devel，所以我又执行了

恢复快照1
切换root，因安装软件需root用户
yum install python3-devel	# 装的是python3-devel 3.6.8-18.el7
pip3 install uwsgi			# 成功

即相较于上一次，这次不手动装python3，结果uwsgi也安装成功，因安装python3-devel时顺带装了python3，如后文图3。

说明uwsgi_2.0.20版(测试时默认下载的版本)需python3环境和python3-devel，其他可能需要的依赖在系统中已自带，注意这里仅针对CentOS 7.9.2009 DVD镜像。

附上一些截图，是执行命令后具体安装的内容

yum install python3

执行上一步后再yum install python3-devel

不手动装python3，直接yum install python3-devel，此时安装的数量比图2多

图3 - 不手动装python3，直接yum install python3-devel

第二轮测试

在第二轮测试之前，其实我已经用Miniconda的python3.9尝试安装uwsgi了，结果失败，然后才做了第一轮测试，结果第一轮测试成功，说明失败的原因可能是python版本不支持，所以第二轮测试要测试不同的python版本。

本轮需要测试多次，测试思路是这样的：

恢复快照2
安装Miniconda，安装完成后重启终端，再切换root用户
Miniconda创建不同于上次测试使用的python环境，每次测试只创建一个虚拟环境，总共测了5次，分别是python3.6、3.7、3.8、3.9，还有一次是第一次默认base环境的python3.9，因测试时Miniconda自带python3.9
yum install python3
yum install python3-devel
pip3 install uwsgi

第一次测试，注意本次使用的miniconda的默认base环境
恢复快照2
安装miniconda，安装完成后重启终端，再切换root用户
yum install python3			# 装的是python 3.6.8-18.el7
yum install python3-devel	# 装的是python3-devel 3.6.8-18.el7
pip3 install uwsgi			# 报错


第二次测试
恢复快照2
安装miniconda，安装完成后重启终端，再切换root用户
conda create -n flask_blog python=3.9
conda activate flask_blog
yum install python3			# 装的是python 3.6.8-18.el7
yum install python3-devel	# 装的是python3-devel 3.6.8-18.el7
pip3 install uwsgi			# 报错


第三次测试
同第二次，只是python虚拟环境换成3.8，最终安装uwsgi依然报错


第四次测试
恢复快照2
安装miniconda，安装完成后重启终端，再切换root用户
conda create -n flask_blog python=3.6
conda activate flask_blog
yum install python3			# 装的是python 3.6.8-18.el7
yum install python3-devel	# 装的是python3-devel 3.6.8-18.el7
pip3 install uwsgi


第五次测试
同第四次，只是python虚拟环境换成3.7，最终安装uwsgi也成功

在测试了python3.9、3.8都失败时，我没接着去测试python3.7，而是测试了python3.6，因为这时才发现前文中的图1和图2的内容，即yum install python3和yum install python3-devel安装的都是3.6.8-18.el7，所以先测试了python3.6，成功了，然后再测的python3.7。

说一下yum install python3和Miniconda(测试时默认最新版)创建虚拟环境python=3.6的区别：