本文主要介绍了linux shell 中判断文件、目录是否存在的方法，分享给大家

-e filename 如果 filename存在，则为真
-d filename 如果 filename为目录，则为真
-f filename 如果 filename为常规文件，则为真
-L filename 如果 filename为符号链接，则为真
-r filename 如果 filename可读，则为真
-w filename 如果 filename可写，则为真
-x filename 如果 filename可执行，则为真
-s filename 如果文件长度不为0，则为真
-h filename 如果文件是软链接，则为真

常用例子

如果存在某文件，则删除

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if [ -f trials ]; then rm ${result_path}trials; fi

如果没有文件夹，则创建

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if [ ! -d $result_name ];then

   mkdir -p $result_name

fi

shell命令判断文件或文件夹是否存在，先直接看实例：

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#!/bin/sh

#判断文件存在，判断是否为文件夹等

testPath="/Volumes/MacBookProHD/Mr.Wen/08 shell命令"

testFile="/Volumes/MacBookProHD/Mr.Wen/08 shell命令/fileWen"

#判断文件夹是否存在 -d

if [[ ! -d "$testPath" ]]; then

 echo "文件夹不存在"

else

 echo "文件夹存在"

fi

#判断文件夹是否存在，并且具有可执行权限

if [[ ! -x "$testFile" ]]; then

 echo "文件不存在并且没有可执行权限"

else

 echo "文件存在并有可执行权限"

fi

#判断文件是否存在

if [[ ! -f "$testFile" ]]; then

 echo "文件不存在"

else

 echo "文件存在"

fi

在shell命令脚本编写当中，会遇到各种对文件的判断，除了以上常用的判断，还有其他的可以使用，如下：

Conditional Logic on Files
-a file exists.
-b file exists and is a block special file.
-c file exists and is a character special file.
-d file exists and is a directory.
-e file exists (just the same as -a).
-f file exists and is a regular file.
-g file exists and has its setgid(2) bit set.
-G file exists and has the same group ID as this process.
-k file exists and has its sticky bit set.
-L file exists and is a symbolic link.
-n string length is not zero.
-o Named option is set on.
-O file exists and is owned by the user ID of this process.
-p file exists and is a first in, first out (FIFO) special file or
named pipe.
-r file exists and is readable by the current process.
-s file exists and has a size greater than zero.
-S file exists and is a socket.
-t file descriptor number fildes is open and associated with a
terminal device.
-u file exists and has its setuid(2) bit set.
-w file exists and is writable by the current process.
-x file exists and is executable by the current process.
-z string length is zero.

shell 判断文件内容是否改变

判断文件内容是否改变：

1）md5值判断

2）diff 判断

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#添加日志时间戳

function fn_showlog()

{

  local curtime;

  curtime=`date +"%Y%m%d-%H:%M:%S"`

  echo "$curtime ------ $1";

}

#判断文件内容是否一致

function diff_file(){

  for file in `ls $1`

  do

    if [ ! -f "$2$file" ];then

      fn_showlog "存在新增文件：$2$file"

      return 0

    else

      diff $file $2$file

      if [ $? -ne 0 ];then

        fn_showlog "文件内容发生变化：$file"

        return 0

      fi

    fi

  done

  return 1

}

diff_file "python*Ip" "/home/admin/tools/"

if [ $? -eq 0 ];then

  fn_showlog "内容发生改变......"

else

  fn_showlog "内容未发生改变，退出脚本!"

  exit 0

fi

# linux # 运维 # 服务器
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