很多同学对于CDS view感觉无从下手,本篇博客将介绍CDS View的基础语法,并附有示例。

1. 定义一个CDS View

用途:

创建一个CDS View

语法:

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZDEMO_CDS_SQL'
define view ZDEMO_CDS_DDL
  as select from sbook
{
  carrid,
  connid
}

解释:

  • @AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZDEMO_CDS_SQL' 指定了数据库SQL View的名字,在CDS View激活时,会在数据库层生成对应的SQL View
  • define view ZDEMO_CDS_DDL是定义的CDS View的名字
  • as select from sbook指定了CDS View的数据源,此处的数据源是DB Table sbook
  • { }中定义了CDS view中包含哪些字段

运行效果:

2. Select Distinct 

用途:

如果结果集中有重复的条目,DISTINCt可排除结果集中的重复条目。

语法:

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZDEMO_CDS_SQL'
define view ZDEMO_CDS_DDL
  as select distinct from sbook
{
  carrid,
  connid
}

解释:

  • as select distinct from sbook指定了CDS View的数据源,此处的数据源是DB Table sbook

运行效果:

3. Where语句

用途:

限定筛选条件

语法:


@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZDEMO_CDS_SQL'
define view ZDEMO_CDS_DDL
  as select from sbook
{
  carrid,
  connid
}
where carrid = 'AA'

运行效果:

4. Key 字段声明

用途:

指定CDS View中哪些字段是Key字段

语法:


@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZDEMO_CDS_SQL'
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
define view ZDEMO_CDS_DDL
  as select from sbook
{
  key carrid,
  key connid,
      fldate,
      bookid,
      customid,
      custtype
}

解释:

  • @AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true 这句annotation 的值为TRUE时,SQL view中的key字段使用CDS中定义的key; 值为FALSE时,使用DB table中table的key field.

运行效果:

5. Build-in 函数

用途:

CDS中自带的一些运算函数

语法:


@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZDEMO_CDS_SQL'
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
define view ZDEMO_CDS_DDL
  as select from sbook
{
  key carrid,
  key connid,
      concat( carrid, connid ) as flightno,
      order_date,
      concat( concat (substring(order_date,5,2),'-'),
      substring(order_date,1,4) ) as ordermonth
}

解释:

  • concat () 拼接两个字符串,substring( )获取字符串中的一个子串。
  • 更多可用的Build-in函数可以查找ABAP的帮助文档

运行效果:

6. CASE表达式

用途:

实现分支运算

语法:


@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZDEMO_CDS_SQL'
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
define view ZDEMO_CDS_DDL
  as select from sbook
{
  key carrid,
  key connid,
      case carrid
            when 'AA' then 'American Airlines'
            when 'AB' then 'Air Berlin'
            when 'UA' then 'United Airlines'
            else 'Other Airlines'
            end as airline_name,
      class,
      case
         when class = 'F' then 'First Class'
         when class = 'Y' then 'Business Class'
         else 'others'
         end    as class_level
}

解释:

  • case...when...else...end as 构成分支运算的逻辑
  • when语句中可以是逻辑表达式

运行效果:

7. CAST表达式

用途:

强制类型转换

语法:

@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZDEMO_CDS_SQL'
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
define view ZDEMO_CDS_DDL
  as select from sbook
{
  key carrid,
  key connid,
      forcurkey,
      forcuram as origin_amount,
      case smoker
            when 'X' then cast ( forcuram as abap.fltp ) * 1.3
            else          cast ( forcuram as abap.fltp ) * 0.9
       end as final_amount
 
}

解释:

  • CAST可以完成所需要的强制类型转换,进而实现在CDS中的运算需求;其中abap.fltp代表转换为abap中的浮点型

运行效果:

8. COALESCE函数

用途:

常用用户处理NULL的状况,为NULL语设定默认值

语法:


@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZDEMO_CDS_SQL'
@AbapCatalog.preserveKey: true
define view ZDEMO_CDS_DDL
  as select from sbook
{
  key carrid,
  key connid,
      coalesce( smoker,  'unassigned') as somker_status
}

解释:

  • coalesce(arg1, arg2): 如果arg1不为NULL则返回arg1的值,否则返回arg2的值

小结:

在本文中,我们介绍了SAP CDS View的最基本的运算语法,有关运算过程中遇到的问题,可以进一步根据ABAP 中的帮助文档,查看相关的用法。

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/nkGavinGuo/article/details/105855961?utm_medium=distribute.pc_aggpage_search_result.none-task-blog-2aggregatepagefirst_rank_v2~rank_aggregation-1-105855961.pc_agg_rank_aggregation&utm_term=cds+view&spm=1000.2123.3001.4430

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