案例:用户登录界面最全详解(JavaWeb)
一.用户登录案例需求:1.编写login.html登录页面username & password 两个输入框2.使用Druid数据库连接池技术,操作mysql,day14数据库中user表3.使用JdbcTemplate技术封装JDBC4.登录成功跳转到SuccessServlet展示:登录成功!用户名,欢迎您5.登录失败跳转到FailServlet展示:登录失败,用户名或密码错误...
一.用户登录案例需求:
1.编写login.html登录页面
username & password 两个输入框
2.使用Druid数据库连接池技术,操作mysql,day14数据库中user表
3.使用JdbcTemplate技术封装JDBC
4.登录成功跳转到SuccessServlet展示:登录成功!用户名,欢迎您
5.登录失败跳转到FailServlet展示:登录失败,用户名或密码错误
二.功能分析
图1 功能分析图
三.开发步骤
3.1. 创建项目,导入html页面,配置文件,jar包
3.2. 创建数据库环境
CREATE DATABASE day14;
USE day14;
CREATE TABLE USER(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
);
3.3创建前端html和css页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/loginProject/loginServlet" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>
3.4 创建类User,封装前端传过来的参数信息
/**
* 用户的实体类
*/
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
3.5 创建包util,编写工具类JDBCUtils,主要建立数据库连接池对象
package util;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* JDBC工具类 使用Durid连接池
*/
public class JDBCUtils {
private static DataSource ds ;
static {
try {
//1.加载配置文件
Properties pro = new Properties();
//使用ClassLoader加载配置文件,获取字节输入流
InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
pro.load(is);
//2.初始化连接池对象
ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取连接池对象
*/
public static DataSource getDataSource(){
return ds;
}
/**
* 获取连接Connection对象
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
return ds.getConnection();
}
}
3.6 创建包dao,创建类UserDao,提供login方法,主要是与mysql数据库连接,对数据库进行操作
package dao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import cn.itcast.util.JDBCUtils;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
/**
* 操作数据库中User表的类
*/
public class UserDao {
//声明JDBCTemplate对象共用
private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
/**
* 登录方法
* @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
* @return user包含用户全部数据,没有查询到,返回null
*/
public User login(User loginUser){
try {
//1.编写sql
String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
//2.调用query方法
User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
return user;
} catch (DataAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();//记录日志
return null;
}
}
}
3.7. 编写LoginServlet类,主要是进行前端参数数据和UserDao进行交互
package servlet;
import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.设置编码
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
/*
//2.获取请求参数
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
//3.封装user对象
User loginUser = new User();
loginUser.setUsername(username);
loginUser.setPassword(password);
*/
//2.封装成对象,可以使用BeanUtils类直接封装前端传过来的参数信息;需提前导入jar包
//下面等同于上面注释的语句
Users loginUsers=new Users();
Map<String,String[]> pMap=req.getParameterMap();
//使用BeanUtil封装对象
try {
BeanUtils.populate(loginUsers, pMap);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//4.验证用户名和密码
//4.调用UserDao的login方法
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
User user = dao.login(loginUser);
//5.判断user
if(user == null){
//登录失败
req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
}else{
//登录成功
//存储数据
req.setAttribute("user",user);
//转发
req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
3.8.编写FailServlet和SuccessServlet类
@WebServlet("/successServlet")
public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取request域中共享的user对象
User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
if(user != null){
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登录成功!"+user.getUsername()+",欢迎您");
}
}
@WebServlet("/failServlet")
public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登录失败,用户名或密码错误");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
其他:
login.html中form表单的action路径的写法
* 虚拟目录+Servlet的资源路径
BeanUtils工具类,简化数据封装
* 用于封装JavaBean的
1. JavaBean:标准的Java类
1. 要求:
1. 类必须被public修饰
2. 必须提供空参的构造器
3. 成员变量必须使用private修饰
4. 提供公共setter和getter方法
2. 功能:封装数据
最后:用户登录的模块功能全部结束!!!
更多推荐
所有评论(0)