准备材料
1、rpm包
2、linux虚拟机

官网链接

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=514230

解压bundler安装包命令

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar。

解压包后生成文件

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.27-1.el7.x

如果报错

[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64

执行以下命令，排查错误

[root@localhost mysql]# yum remove mysql-libs

然后再重新安装即可。

[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-community-server-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64

查询mysql状态

[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld

开启mysql

root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-07-19 00:20:34 PDT; 2s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 6221 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 6302 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
    Tasks: 38
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─6302 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Jul 19 00:20:21 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jul 19 00:20:34 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

查找临时密码

[root@localhost mysql]# grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-07-19T07:20:26.212621Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: EhnFd0aysV=K

登录并且更改临时密码

[root@localhost mysql]#  mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123.aA456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host, user from user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host      | user             |
+-----------+------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session    |
| localhost | mysql.sys        |
| localhost | root             |
+-----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> select host, user from user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host      | user             |
+-----------+------------------+
| %         | root             |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session    |
| localhost | mysql.sys        |
+-----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)