https://hub.docker.com/search?q=nginx&type=image
一、查看docker是否安装nginx

docker images

二、安装nginx

docker pull nginx

三、运行nginx镜像

docker run --name mynginx -p 80:80 -d nginx

四、查看运行结果

docker ps

网页访问，浏览器输入虚拟机IP:端口号地址回车，就可以看到 “Welcome to nginx!”

centos开放的端口并设置

firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports #查看所有开放的端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent   # 开放5672端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=8080/tcp --permanent  #关闭5672端口
firewall-cmd --reload   # 配置立即生效

systemctl start/stop/restart firewalld.service #打开/关闭/重启防火墙
firewall-cmd --state #查看防火墙状态

五、把nginx 配置文件映射到虚拟机（每次改配置都需要到镜像里改，太麻烦！！！）
（1）本地创建管理目录

mkdir -p /data/nginx
mkdir -p /data/nginx/www 
mkdir -p /data/nginx/conf
mkdir -p /data/nginx/logs

（2）将容器中的相应文件copy到刚创建的管理目录中

docker cp 6f37f231a7c1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /data/nginx/
docker cp 6f37f231a7c1:/etc/nginx/conf.d /data/nginx/conf/
docker cp 6f37f231a7c1:/usr/share/nginx/html/ /data/nginx/www/
docker cp 6f37f231a7c1:/var/log/nginx/ /data/nginx/logs/
注：docker cp 6f37f231a7c1中的 "6f37f231a7c1" 为容器ID（docker ps可查看）

（3）停止并移除容器

docker stop 6f37f231a7c1 #停止容器
docker rm 6f37f231a7c1 #移除容器

（4）再次启动容器并作目录挂载

docker run --name nginx -p 80:80 -v /data/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /data/nginx/www/:/usr/share/nginx/html/ -v /data/nginx/logs/:/var/log/nginx/ -v /data/nginx/conf/:/etc/nginx/conf.d --privileged=true -d nginx

ps：-p 80:80 端口进行映射，将本地 80端口映射到容器内部的 80 端口。

六、我自己测试的配置文件nginx.conf配置

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                     '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
	
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
	
	upstream mynginx{
        server 192.168.100.164:1111 weight=1;
        server 192.168.100.164:2222 weight=1;
    }
	server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            #root   html;
            proxy_pass http://mynginx;
            index index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}