摘要:作为一个代表性的完整的开发,本案例可以分成3大部分:代码文件的规划,LED灯的驱动开发,点亮LED的业务开发。

本文分享自华为云社区《在小熊派Micro上用OpenHarmory3.0点亮LED(1)LED驱动开发》,作者:神龙居市。

项目总览

作为一个代表性的完整的开发,本案例可以分成3大部分:代码文件的规划,LED灯的驱动开发,点亮LED的业务开发。

一、LED驱动开发

1.1.确定目录结构

1.1.1.根据HDF框架以组件化的驱动模型作为核心设计思路,HDF框架将一类设备驱动放在同一个host里面,开发者也可以将驱动功能分层独立开发和部署,支持一个驱动多个node,HDF驱动模型如下图

1.1.2.本案例目录

在./device/st/drivers路径下新建一个led的目录,用来存放驱动源码文件。

在./device/st/bearpi_hm_micro/liteos_a/hdf_config路径下新建led文件夹,并创建驱动配置文件led_config.hcs

1.2.LED驱动实现

1.2.1.驱动实现包含驱动业务代码和驱动入口注册,在led.c文件中添加以下代码

#include "hdf_device_desc.h" 
#include "hdf_log.h"         
#include "device_resource_if.h"
#include "osal_io.h"
#include "osal.h"
#include "osal_mem.h"
#include "gpio_if.h"

#define HDF_LOG_TAG led_driver // 打印日志所包含的标签,如果不定义则用默认定义的HDF_TAG标签
#define LED_WRITE_READ 1       // 读写操作码1

enum LedOps {
    LED_OFF,
    LED_ON,  
    LED_TOGGLE,
};

struct Stm32Mp1ILed {
    uint32_t gpioNum;
};
static struct Stm32Mp1ILed g_Stm32Mp1ILed;
uint8_t status = 0;
// Dispatch是用来处理用户态发下来的消息
int32_t LedDriverDispatch(struct HdfDeviceIoClient *client, int cmdCode, struct HdfSBuf *data, struct HdfSBuf *reply)
{
    uint8_t contrl;
    HDF_LOGE("Led driver dispatch");
    if (client == NULL || client->device == NULL)
    {
        HDF_LOGE("Led driver device is NULL");
        return HDF_ERR_INVALID_OBJECT;
    }

    switch (cmdCode)
    {
    /* 接收到用户态发来的LED_WRITE_READ命令 */
    case LED_WRITE_READ:
        /* 读取data里的数据,赋值给contrl */
        HdfSbufReadUint8(data,&contrl);                  
        switch (contrl)
        {
        /* 开灯 */
        case LED_ON:                                            
            GpioWrite(g_Stm32Mp1ILed.gpioNum, GPIO_VAL_LOW);
            status = 1;
            break;
        /* 关灯 */
        case LED_OFF:                                           
            GpioWrite(g_Stm32Mp1ILed.gpioNum, GPIO_VAL_HIGH);
            status = 0;
            break;
        /* 状态翻转 */
        case LED_TOGGLE:
            if(status == 0)
            {
                GpioWrite(g_Stm32Mp1ILed.gpioNum, GPIO_VAL_LOW);
                status = 1;
            }
            else
            {
                GpioWrite(g_Stm32Mp1ILed.gpioNum, GPIO_VAL_HIGH);
                status = 0;
            }                                        
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        /* 把LED的状态值写入reply, 可被带至用户程序 */
        if (!HdfSbufWriteInt32(reply, status))                
        {
            HDF_LOGE("replay is fail");
            return HDF_FAILURE;
        }
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
    return HDF_SUCCESS;
}

// 读取驱动私有配置
static int32_t Stm32LedReadDrs(struct Stm32Mp1ILed *led, const struct DeviceResourceNode *node)
{
    int32_t ret;
    struct DeviceResourceIface *drsOps = NULL;

    drsOps = DeviceResourceGetIfaceInstance(HDF_CONFIG_SOURCE);
    if (drsOps == NULL || drsOps->GetUint32 == NULL) {
        HDF_LOGE("%s: invalid drs ops!", __func__);
        return HDF_FAILURE;
    }
    /* 读取led.hcs里面led_gpio_num的值 */
    ret = drsOps->GetUint32(node, "led_gpio_num", &led->gpioNum, 0); 
    if (ret != HDF_SUCCESS) {
        HDF_LOGE("%s: read led gpio num fail!", __func__);
        return ret;
    }
    return HDF_SUCCESS;
}

//驱动对外提供的服务能力,将相关的服务接口绑定到HDF框架
int32_t HdfLedDriverBind(struct HdfDeviceObject *deviceObject)
{
    if (deviceObject == NULL)
    {
        HDF_LOGE("Led driver bind failed!");
        return HDF_ERR_INVALID_OBJECT;
    }
    static struct IDeviceIoService ledDriver = {
        .Dispatch = LedDriverDispatch,
    };
    deviceObject->service = (struct IDeviceIoService *)(&ledDriver);
    HDF_LOGD("Led driver bind success");
    return HDF_SUCCESS;
}

// 驱动自身业务初始的接口
int32_t HdfLedDriverInit(struct HdfDeviceObject *device)
{
    struct Stm32Mp1ILed *led = &g_Stm32Mp1ILed;
    int32_t ret;

    if (device == NULL || device->property == NULL) {
        HDF_LOGE("%s: device or property NULL!", __func__);
        return HDF_ERR_INVALID_OBJECT;
    }
    /* 读取hcs私有属性值 */
    ret = Stm32LedReadDrs(led, device->property);
    if (ret != HDF_SUCCESS) {
        HDF_LOGE("%s: get led device resource fail:%d", __func__, ret);
        return ret;
    }
    /* 将GPIO管脚配置为输出 */
    ret = GpioSetDir(led->gpioNum, GPIO_DIR_OUT);
    if (ret != 0)
    {
        HDF_LOGE("GpioSerDir: failed, ret %d\n", ret);
        return ret;
    }
    HDF_LOGD("Led driver Init success");
    return HDF_SUCCESS;
}

// 驱动资源释放的接口
void HdfLedDriverRelease(struct HdfDeviceObject *deviceObject)
{
    if (deviceObject == NULL)
    {
        HDF_LOGE("Led driver release failed!");
        return;
    }
    HDF_LOGD("Led driver release success");
    return;
}

// 定义驱动入口的对象,必须为HdfDriverEntry(在hdf_device_desc.h中定义)类型的全局变量
struct HdfDriverEntry g_ledDriverEntry = {
    .moduleVersion = 1,
    .moduleName = "HDF_LED",
    .Bind = HdfLedDriverBind,
    .Init = HdfLedDriverInit,
    .Release = HdfLedDriverRelease,
};

// 调用HDF_INIT将驱动入口注册到HDF框架中
HDF_INIT(g_ledDriverEntry);

1.2.2.编译脚本文件

在led/BUILD.gn文件中添加以下代码,将led.c编译成hdf_led

import("//drivers/adapter/khdf/liteos/hdf.gni")
hdf_driver("hdf_led") {
    sources = [
    "led.c",
    ]
}

在/device/st/drivers/BUILD.gn文件中添加以下代码,将hdf_led编译进内核,"led"是新增内容

1.3.驱动配置

HDF使用HCS作为配置描述源码,驱动配置包含两部分,HDF框架定义的驱动设备描述和驱动的私有配置信息。

HDF框架加载驱动所需要的信息来源于HDF框架定义的驱动设备描述,因此基于HDF框架开发的驱动必须要在HDF框架定义的device_info.hcs配置文件中添加对应的设备描述,所以我们需要在device\st\bearpi_hm_micro\liteos_a\hdf_config\device_info\device_info.hcs中添加LED设备描述

device_led :: device {             // led设备节点
    device0 :: deviceNode {        // led驱动的DeviceNode节点
        policy = 2;                // policy字段是驱动服务发布的策略,在驱动服务管理章节有详细介绍
        priority = 10;             // 驱动启动优先级(0-200),值越大优先级越低,建议默认配100,优先级相同则不保证device的加载顺序
        preload = 1;               // 驱动按需加载字段
        permission = 0777;         // 驱动创建设备节点权限
        moduleName = "HDF_LED";    // 驱动名称,该字段的值必须和驱动入口结构的moduleName值一致
        serviceName = "hdf_led";   // 驱动对外发布服务的名称,必须唯一
        deviceMatchAttr = "st_stm32mp157_led"; // 驱动私有数据匹配的关键字,必须和驱动私有数据配置表中的match_attr值相等
    }
}  

1.4.私有驱动信息配置

如果驱动有私有配置,则可以添加一个驱动的配置文件,用来填写一些驱动的默认配置信息,HDF框架在加载驱动的时候,会将对应的配置信息获取并保存在HdfDeviceObject 中的property里面,通过Bind和Init传递给驱动,所以我们需要在device\st\bearpi_hm_micro\liteos_a\hdf_config\led\led_config.hcs中添加LED私有配置描述。

root {
    LedDriverConfig {
        led_gpio_num = 13;
        match_attr = "st_stm32mp157_led";   //该字段的值必须和device_info.hcs中的deviceMatchAttr值一致
    }
}

1.5.板级配置入口文件

配置信息定义之后,需要将该配置文件添加到板级配置入口文件device\st\bearpi_hm_micro\liteos_a\hdf_config\hdf.hcs

#include "device_info/device_info.hcs"
#include "led/led_config.hcs"

二、点亮LED业务代码

2.1.创建目录

编写业务时,务必先在./applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/samples路径下新建一个目录(或一套目录结构),用于存放业务源码文件.

在samples文件夹下增加my_led_app文件夹,并新建BUILD.gn和my_led_app.c两个文件

2.2.编写业务代码

在my_led_app.c中添加以下业务代码

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "hdf_sbuf.h"
#include "hdf_io_service_if.h"

#define LED_WRITE_READ 1
#define LED_SERVICE "hdf_led"

static int SendEvent(struct HdfIoService *serv, uint8_t eventData)
{
    int ret = 0;
    struct HdfSBuf *data = HdfSBufObtainDefaultSize();
    if (data == NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to obtain sbuf data!\r\n");
        return 1;
    }

    struct HdfSBuf *reply = HdfSBufObtainDefaultSize();
    if (reply == NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to obtain sbuf reply!\r\n");
        ret = HDF_DEV_ERR_NO_MEMORY;
        goto out;
    }
    /* 写入数据 */
    if (!HdfSbufWriteUint8(data, eventData))
    {
        printf("fail to write sbuf!\r\n");
        ret = HDF_FAILURE;
        goto out;
    }
    /* 通过Dispatch发送到驱动 */
    ret = serv->dispatcher->Dispatch(&serv->object, LED_WRITE_READ, data, reply);
    if (ret != HDF_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("fail to send service call!\r\n");
        goto out;
    }

    int replyData = 0;
    /* 读取驱动的回复数据 */
    if (!HdfSbufReadInt32(reply, &replyData))
    {
        printf("fail to get service call reply!\r\n");
        ret = HDF_ERR_INVALID_OBJECT;
        goto out;
    }
    printf("\r\nGet reply is: %d\r\n", replyData);
out:
    HdfSBufRecycle(data);
    HdfSBufRecycle(reply);
    return ret;
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int i;
 
    /* 获取服务 */
    struct HdfIoService *serv = HdfIoServiceBind(LED_SERVICE);
    if (serv == NULL)
    {
        printf("fail to get service %s!\r\n", LED_SERVICE);
        return HDF_FAILURE;
    }

    for (i=0; i < argc; i++)
    {
        printf("\r\nArgument %d is %s.\r\n", i, argv[i]);
    }

    SendEvent(serv, atoi(argv[1]));

    HdfIoServiceRecycle(serv);
    printf("exit");

    return HDF_SUCCESS;
}

2.3.编写将构建业务代码的BUILD.gn文件

BUILD.gn文件由三部分内容(目标、源文件、头文件路径)构成,需由开发者完成填写。以my_led_app为例,需要创建./applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/samples/my_led_app/BUILD.gn,并完如下配置

import("//build/lite/config/component/lite_component.gni")

HDF_FRAMEWORKS = "//drivers/framework"

executable("led_lib") {
    output_name = "my_led"
    sources = [
        "my_led_app.c",
    ]

    include_dirs = [
    "$HDF_FRAMEWORKS/ability/sbuf/include",
    "$HDF_FRAMEWORKS/core/shared/include",
    "$HDF_FRAMEWORKS/core/host/include",
    "$HDF_FRAMEWORKS/core/master/include",
    "$HDF_FRAMEWORKS/include/core",
    "$HDF_FRAMEWORKS/include/utils",
    "$HDF_FRAMEWORKS/utils/include",
    "$HDF_FRAMEWORKS/include/osal",
    "//drivers/adapter/uhdf/posix/include",
    "//third_party/bounds_checking_function/include",
    "//base/hiviewdfx/hilog_lite/interfaces/native/innerkits",
    ]

    deps = [
        "//base/hiviewdfx/hilog_lite/frameworks/featured:hilog_shared",
        "//drivers/adapter/uhdf/manager:hdf_core",
        "//drivers/adapter/uhdf/posix:hdf_posix_osal",
    ]
}

lite_component("my_led_app") {
    features = [
        ":led_lib",
    ]
}
  1. 首先导入 gni 组件,将源码my_led_app.c编译成led_lib库文件
  2. 输出的可执行文件名称由 output_name 定义为my_led
  3. include_dirs 里面加入my_led_app.c里面需要用到的.h的头文件路径
  4. deps 里面加入所依赖的库。
  5. 然后将led_lib打包成 lite_component,命名为my_led_app组件。

2.4.添加新组件

修改文件build/lite/components/applications.json,添加组件my_sample的配置

{
        "component": "my_sample",
        "description": "my samples",
        "optional": "true",
        "dirs": [
            "applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/samples/my_first_app",
            "applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/samples/my_led_app"
        ],
        "targets": [
            "//applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/samples/my_first_app:my_app",
            "//applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/samples/my_led_app:my_led_app"
        ],
        "rom": "",
        "ram": "",
        "output": [],
        "adapted_kernel": [ "liteos_a" ],
        "features": [],
        "deps": {
        "components": [],
        "third_party": [ ]
        }
    },

2.5.修改单板配置文件

修改文件vendor/bearpi/bearpi_hm_micro/config.json,新增my_sample组件的条目

{
      "subsystem": "applications",
      "components": [
         { "component": "my_sample", "features":[] },
         { "component": "bearpi_sample_app", "features":[] },
         { "component": "bearpi_screensaver_app", "features":[] }
      ]
},

三、编译

在项目根目录下执行hb set 设置开发板,只有一个,回车即可

执行编译命令

hb build -t notest --tee -f

等待编译完成后,屏幕出现:build success字样,说明编译成功。

当编译完后,可以直接查看到最终编译的固件,具体路径在: \project\bearpi-hm_micro_small\out\bearpi-hm_micro\bearpi-hm_micro

文件夹结构说明

  • OHOS_Image.stm32:系统镜像文件
  • rootfs_vfat.img:根文件系统
  • userfs_vfat.img:用户文件系统

执行以下三条指令将以上三个文件复制到applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/tools/download_img/kernel/下,以便后续烧录系统使用

cp out/bearpi_hm_micro/bearpi_hm_micro/OHOS_Image.stm32 applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/tools/download_img/kernel/
cp out/bearpi_hm_micro/bearpi_hm_micro/rootfs_vfat.img applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/tools/download_img/kernel/
cp out/bearpi_hm_micro/bearpi_hm_micro/userfs_vfat.img applications/BearPi/BearPi-HM_Micro/tools/download_img/kernel/

四、总结

至此,完整的项目工程就开发好了,下一步就是烧录和运行了。

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